Association between obesity and bone mineral density in middle-aged adults

Abstract

Background The relationship between obesity and bone mineral density (BMD) varies in different studies. Our aim in this study was to explore the association between obesity (body mass index ≥ 30) and BMD among adults 40–59 years of age. Methods This study was conducted on a sample of 2218 participants (986 men and 1232 women) aged 40 to 59 years from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011–2018. The independent variable was body mass index (BMI). The outcome variable was lumbar BMD. The associations of BMI with lumbar BMD were examined using multivariable linear regression models. Results BMI was positively associated with lumbar BMD after adjusting for other covariates [β 0.006; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.003–0.008]. An inverted U-shaped association between BMI and lumbar BMD was further identified, with the point of infection at approximately 50 kg/m2. In the subgroup analyses, the relationship between BMI and lumbar BMD in women and blacks was an inverted U-shape. Conclusion Based on the results, it may be beneficial to appropriately increase BMI to promote BMD. However, considering the inverted U-shaped association, excessive BMI may be harmful to bone health in women and blacks.

Effect of Nutrient Intake, Nutritional Status, Physical Activity and Sunlight Exposure on Bone Mineral Density in Women: A Systematic Review

“…The prevalence of osteopenia and osteoporosis was lower in obese women [26] of Kim et al [28] in postmenopausal period Korean women had the result that in the women with a short menopausal period, the group with abdominal obesity has a lower risk of developing osteoporosis than those without abdominal obesity. However, Li et al [10] identified an inverted U-shaped relationship between BMI and BMD. For subjects with BMI< 50 kg/m 2 , an increase in BMI was related to an increase in BMD, however for subjects with BMI >50 kg/m 2 , an increase in BMI was related to a decrease in BMD [10].…”

“…However, Li et al [10] identified an inverted U-shaped relationship between BMI and BMD. For subjects with BMI< 50 kg/m 2 , an increase in BMI was related to an increase in BMD, however for subjects with BMI >50 kg/m 2 , an increase in BMI was related to a decrease in BMD [10].…”

“…Therefore, maintaining a healthy diet, especially dairy products, is very important for bone health. However, it's necessary to maintain normal nutritional status, because obesity is related to negative effects on BMD [10].…”

Cochlear promontory anatomy relevant to development of subendosteal and transpromontory electrodes using 192‐section ultra‐high resolution temporal bone CT imaging

“…Cochlear promontory thickness was statistically significantly greater among men and with increasing body mass index, paralleling existing literature surrounding bone mineral density in adults. 9 , 10 , 11 Interestingly, those with a clinical diagnosis of osteopenia or osteoporosis diagnosed by DEXA scan according to the World Health Organization criteria had significantly decreased cochlear promontory thickness. 6 Taken together, these findings help characterize cochlear promontory thickness with the most direct application surrounding the use of subendosteal and transpromontory electrode placement techniques.…”

The causal impact of childhood obesity on bone mineral density and fracture in adulthood: A two-sample Mendelian randomization study

“…However, our study had several limitations worth mentioning. First, observational studies have found that different definitions of obesity (body fat or BMI) may have different associations with BMD ( 33 , 34 ). This study did not do the specific analysis of the relevant aspects.…”