Association between metabolic syndrome and prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease in a health screening facility in Japan

Niigaki, Misa; Adachi, Kyoichi; Hirakawa, K.; Furuta, K.; Kinoshita, Yoshikazu

doi:10.1007/s00535-012-0671-3

Cited by 50 publications

(63 citation statements)

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“…Lifestyle factors, such as eating foods with high components of fat or in large portions, alcohol intake, smoking, obesity, and metabolic syndrome, have also been reported to be related to a high prevalence of reflux esophagitis and GERD symptoms (8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18). In addition, the factors shown to induce and/or worsen GERD have also been demonstrated to be associated with periodontitis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An increased gastroesophageal pressure gradient and hiatal hernia development have been reported to be induced by a high intra-abdominal pressure due to abdominal fat accumulation (3)(4)(5)(6)(7), while obesity and a high body mass index (BMI) have repeatedly been demonstrated to be associated with the high prevalence of reflux esophagitis and GERD symptoms (8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15). In addition, metabolic syndrome, diagnosed by the presence of visceral fat accumulation, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and hyperglycemia, has been demonstrated to correlate with the occurrence of GERD (16)(17)(18).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Signs and symptoms include swollen gums, deepening of gingival crevices leading to the formation of periodontal pockets, bleeding on brushing, increased spacing between teeth, and loose teeth. Recent studies have indicated that periodontitis is closely correlated with systemic disorders, such as obesity, metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular diseases (19,20), which have also been demonstrated to have a positive relationship with GERD occurrence (3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18). In addi-tion, periodontitis may induce or worsen GERD, since saliva secretion, which is influenced by oral hygiene including the periodontal status, has been demonstrated to be associated with GERD (21)(22)(23).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Study on the Relationship between Reflux Esophagitis and Periodontitis

et al. 2016

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Objective Metabolic syndrome and dental erosion have been demonstrated to correlate with gastroesophageal acid reflux disease (GERD), while periodontitis has been reported to have a positive relationship with metabolic syndrome. However, no correlation between periodontitis and GERD has yet been reported. We therefore investigated the relationship between periodontitis and GERD. Methods The subjects consisted of 280 individuals who visited the Health Center for a detailed medical checkup examination. Each underwent upper endoscopy and periodontitis examinations, with the latter performed by measuring the concentrations of lactate dehydrogenase and hemoglobin in saliva. The subjects were divided into those with positive and negative periodontitis findings, and the prevalence rates of endoscopically proven reflux esophagitis, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and hyperglycemia were compared. Results The number of subjects positive for periodontitis was 93, while 187 had negative findings. The prevalence of reflux esophagitis was not different between the positive and negative groups (8.6% vs. 8.0%). In addition, a multiple logistic regression analysis did not identify a positive relationship between the presence of periodontitis and reflux esophagitis. On the other hand, dyslipidemia and hypertension were more frequently observed in the subjects that were positive for periodontitis. Conclusion We did not find an association between periodontitis and reflux esophagitis in the present study. On the other hand, the presence of periodontitis was found to correlate with hypertension and dyslipidemia.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Study on the Relationship between Reflux Esophagitis and Periodontitis

et al. 2016

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“…GERD has been becoming more prevalent in Asian populations in recent decades, and although the disease is considered to be a common disorder in both Western and Asian populations, its increasing prevalence in Asia may be due to multiple factors, such as the Westernization of eating habits, decrease in the rate of Helicobacter pylori infection, increased gastric acid secretion and a larger elderly population, as well as other factors (2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9). High intra-abdominal pressure caused by abdominal fat accumulation has been demonstrated to increase the gastroesophageal pressure gradient and incidence of gastroesophageal reflux, while obesity and a high body mass index (BMI) have repeatedly been reported to be correlated with a high prevalence of reflux esophagitis and symptoms of GERD (10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23). On the other hand, gender differences related to chronological changes in BMI and the prevalence of GERD have not been investigated in Japanese subjects, although a male predominance has been shown to be related to the frequency of reflux esophagitis and GERD (2-5, 8, 9).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender Differences in the Time-Course Changes of Reflux Esophagitis in Japanese Patients

et al. 2015

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Objective Obesity is related to an increased prevalence of reflux esophagitis and gastroesophageal reflux disease symptoms. This study was performed to clarify the influence of gender on time-course changes in the rate of a high BMI and incidence of reflux esophagitis in Japanese subjects. Results A multiple logistic regression analysis showed that a high BMI, milder degree of gastric mucosal atrophy and larger size of diaphragmatic hiatus were significant predictive factors for the presence of reflux esophagitis in both men and women. The number of male subjects with reflux esophagitis and a high BMI increased during the 10-year examination period. In contrast, the number of individuals with reflux esophagitis and a high BMI was not increased among women. For both men and women, the proportions of patients with a large diaphragmatic hiatus and mild gastric mucosal atrophy increased during the 10-year period. Conclusion The prevalence of reflux esophagitis in the female subjects remained constant over 10 years, different from that observed in the men. A lack of change in BMI may be an important factor accounting for the constant prevalence of reflux esophagitis in women.

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“…Several hypotheses have been proposed to explain this relationship, including i) increased intra-abdominal and intra-gastric pressure due to abdominal obesity, ii) the formation of an esophageal hiatal hernia, and iii) the intake of large amounts of foods and a high-fat diet, which increase the frequency of transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxation (TLESR). In contrast, the association between obesity and symptoms of GERD in Japanese patients remains unclear (5)(6)(7)(8)(9), although several studies in Japan have reported that visceral obesity was closely related to endoscopic reflux esophagitis, including Barrett's esophagus in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) (10), and metabolic syndrome was a risk factor for endoscopic reflux esophagitis (11).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

The Symptoms of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Correlate with High Body Mass Index, the Aspartate Aminotransferase/Alanine Aminotransferase Ratio and Insulin Resistance in Japanese Patients with Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Eguchi

Fukumori

et al. 2015

Intern. Med.

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Objective This study was designed to compare the association between the body mass index (BMI) and symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) in allegedly normal subjects undergoing regular medical checkups and subjects diagnosed with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Additionally, the correlation between the BMI and GERD symptoms was evaluated in subjects with NAFLD. Methods This study included 50 patients with NAFLD and 228 normal subjects evaluated during regular medical checkups. The height, weight, BMI, frequency scale for the symptoms of GERD (FSSG), and serum concentrations of triglycerides and γ-GTP were compared between the two groups. In the NAFLD group, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) concentrations were measured and insulin resistance was calculated using the quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI). Results The total FSSG score moderately correlated with the BMI in the NAFLD group (r=0.342, p= 0.015), but correlated negatively in the control group (r=-0.014, p=0.831). The FSSG score in the NAFLD group also negatively correlated with the AST/ALT ratio (r=-0.319) and insulin resistance calculated using the QUICKI score (r=-0.288). The BMI in the NAFLD group moderately correlated with the acid-reflux related score on the FSSG (r=0.389), and both the AST/ALT ratio (r=-0.344) and QUICKI score (r=-0.330) negatively correlated with the dyspepsia score on the FSSG. Conclusion Obesity evaluated by the BMI was a significant risk factor for the exacerbation of GERD symptoms in subjects with NAFLD.

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Association between metabolic syndrome and prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease in a health screening facility in Japan

Abstract: Metabolic syndrome is a reliable predictive factor for the prevalence of GERD, and medical therapy for metabolic syndrome may modify the risk of GERD occurrence.

Cited by 50 publications

References 64 publications

A Study on the Relationship between Reflux Esophagitis and Periodontitis

A Study on the Relationship between Reflux Esophagitis and Periodontitis

Gender Differences in the Time-Course Changes of Reflux Esophagitis in Japanese Patients

The Symptoms of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Correlate with High Body Mass Index, the Aspartate Aminotransferase/Alanine Aminotransferase Ratio and Insulin Resistance in Japanese Patients with Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

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