Association between metabolic syndrome and sexual dysfunction among men with clinically diagnosed diabetes

Abstract

BackgroundThe worldwide epidemic of diabetes and obesity has resulted in a rapid upsurge in the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS). MetS makes the individual liable to endothelial dysfunction which can initiate sexual dysfunction (SD). This study assessed the association between MetS and SD among clinically diagnosed diabetic subjects in Tema, Greater Accra Region of Ghana.MethodSexual functioning was assessed using Golombok Rust Inventory of Sexual Satisfaction in 300 consecutive diabetic men visiting the diabetic clinic of Tema General Hospital between November, 2010 and March, 2011. Anthropometric data including waist and hip circumference as well as blood pressure were measured. The levels of fasting blood glucose and serum lipid profile were assessed. All the men had a steady heterosexual relationship for at least 2 years before enrolment in the study.ResultsThe response rate was 91.3% out of the 300 subjects recruited for the study. Those with SD were significantly older and had diabetes for a longer period as compared to those without SD. The prevalence of MetS as defined by the various criteria was 78.8%, 43.4% and 51.8% for WHO, NCEP ATP III and IDF respectively. Central obesity (p = 0.0482) and raised blood pressure (p = 0.0309) are the significant MetS components when the studied population was stratified according to sexual functioning. Generally, SD as well as its sub-scales correlate positively with age, blood pressure, duration of diabetes and MetS score. Whereas TC and LDL-c correlated positively with non-communication, TG correlates positively with avoidance and infrequency.ConclusionSD and its sub-scales have a direct relationship with duration of diabetes, blood pressure and MetS score from this study. Central obesity and raised blood pressure seem to be the link between MetS and SD among this clinically diagnosed diabetic subjects.

Risk factors of erectile dysfunction among diabetes patients in Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis

“…Five of the studies included in this review were from Nigeria [46] , [47] , [48] , [49] , [50] , four from Ethiopia [51] , [52] , [53] , [54] , three from Ghana [32] , [55] , [56] , one each from South Africa [57] , Egypt [31] , Kenya [58] , Zimbabwe [59] , and Tanzania [60] . Concerning the sampling technique 12 of the studies [31] , [32] , [46] , [47] , [48] , [49] , [50] , [54] , [55] , [56] , [58] , [59] used consecutive sampling to select study participants. However, one study [60] did not report the sampling method.…”

“…These consisted of 11 studies used the International Index of Erectile Function tool [31] , [46] , [47] , [48] , [49] , [50] , [51] , [52] , [58] , [59] , [60] . Two of the studies used the Golombok Rust Inventory of Sexual Satisfaction criteria [32] , [55] . Only one study used the Sexual Health Inventory for Men items [57] and the remaining one [51] used changes in Sexual Functioning Questionnaire.…”

The Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome and Its Components among People with Type 2 Diabetes in the Ho Municipality, Ghana: A Cross-Sectional Study

“…This is in agreement with earlier reports indicating that metabolic syndrome is a common phenomenon among the Ghanaian type 2 diabetes mellitus population. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome among people with type 2 diabetes in the Ghanaian population ranged within 43.3% NCEP-ATP III [ 19 ], 43.4% NCEP-ATP III, and 51.8% IDF [ 18 ] and 55.9% NCEP-ATP III [ 1 ], 58% NCEP-ATP III [ 13 ], and 78.8% WHO [ 18 ]. Similar reports in other jurisdictions of high prevalence rates of metabolic syndrome (63.6%, 51%, and 56%) have been recorded among people with type 2 diabetes, respectively, in North-Central Nigeria and Saudi Arabia [ 30 – 32 ].…”

Assessment of Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms and Sexual Function in Women with Metabolic Syndrome

“…They also noticed the prevalence of FSD for each domain increased with age (4). Previously studies indicated that sexual dysfunction had direct relationship with MetS in men (5). However there are limited data about this relationship in women in literature.…”