“…However, some genomic loci have been associated with the gestational duration and PTB risk over the years, as described above. Information from candidate gene studies on inflammatory gene variants associated with an increased PTB risk, from 1999 to date, is listed in Table S1 34–47,49,52–73 . The first gene studied for a possible association with PTB was TNFα , 39 that was followed by other cytokines genes, 35–38,40–47,57,60–66,69,72 MMPs 49,52,56,63,71 and TLRs , 34,62 as previously described.…”