Association between Immunoglobulin G Levels and Adverse Effects Following Vaccination with the BNT162b2 Vaccine among Japanese Healthcare Workers

Otani, Jun; Ohta, Ryuichi; Sano, Chiaki

doi:10.3390/vaccines9101149

Cited by 12 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…In contrast, Hwang et al concluded after vaccination of 135 healthy individuals with either AZD1222 (AstraZeneca) or BNT162b2 (Pfizer/BioNTech) that the local and systemic reactogenicity may not be associated with humoral immunogenicity [ 21 ]. However, in two recent studies a clear correlation was found between systemic adverse events including fever and antibody titer following COVID-19 vaccination, which is also consistent with our results [ 7 , 22 ]. The literature on the relationship between reactogenicity and immunogenicity of vaccines is limited and contradictory.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Fever after Vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 with mRNA-Based Vaccine Associated with Higher Antibody Levels during 6 Months Follow-Up

et al. 2022

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Background: The effect of post-vaccination adverse events on immunogenicity is unknown. We aimed to explore relationship between post-vaccination adverse reactions and antibody levels during 6-month follow-up. Methods: Blood was serially drawn from healthcare workers after the second dose of BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine (Day 12, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180) and anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike IgG (S-IgG) levels were measured. Following each vaccine dose, volunteers completed a questionnaire regarding adverse reactions (symptomatic vs. asymptomatic groups). Results: A total of 395 subjects received the second dose of the vaccine. The main results were as follows: (i) fever after the 2nd dose was independently associated with the median S-IgG level at all follow-up time points; (ii) significantly higher S-IgG levels were observed in the symptomatic group of patients without prior COVID-19 infection throughout the entire follow-up period; (iii) prior COVID-19 positivity resulted in higher S-IgG levels only in the asymptomatic group from Day 90 of the follow-up period; (iv) both prior COVID-19 disease with asymptomatic status and symptomatic status without prior COVID-19 infection resulted in similar S-IgG antibody levels; (v) significantly lower serum S-IgG levels were observed in smokers. Conclusion: Fever may play an important role in the post-vaccination immune response in the long term.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Fever after Vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 with mRNA-Based Vaccine Associated with Higher Antibody Levels during 6 Months Follow-Up

et al. 2022

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“…The severity of systemic adverse symptoms after two doses of BNT162b2 vaccination was associated with the level of IgG-S production, consistent with previous research (35). We observed that carriers of C*12:02:02, B*52:01:01, DQA1*03:02:01 and DPB1*02:01:02 showed significant protection against systemic symptoms.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Association study of HLA with the kinetics of SARS-CoV-2 spike specific IgG antibody responses to BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine

Khor

Omae

Takeuchi

et al. 2022

Preprint

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BNT162b2, an mRNA-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (Pfizer-BioNTech), is one of the most effective COVID-19 vaccines and has been approved by more than 130 countries worldwide. However, several studies have reported that the COVID-19 vaccine shows high interpersonal variability in terms of humoral and cellular responses, such as those with respect to SARS-CoV-2 spike protein immunoglobulin (Ig)G, IgA, IgM, neutralizing antibodies, and CD4+ & CD8+ T cells. The objective of this study is to investigate the kinetic changes in anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike IgG (IgG-S) profiles and adverse reactions and their associations with HLA profiles among 100 hospital workers from the Center Hospital of the National Center for Global Health and Medicine (NCGM), Tokyo, Japan. DQA1*03:03:01 (P = 0.017; Odd ratio (OR) 2.80, 95%Confidence interval (CI) 1.05–7.25) was significantly associated with higher IgG-S production after two doses of BNT162b2 while DQB1*06:01:01:01 (P = 0.028, OR 0.27, 95%CI 0.05–0.94) was significantly associated with IgG-S declines after two doses of BNT162b2. No HLA alleles were significantly associated with either local symptoms or fever. However, C*12:02:02 (P = 0.058; OR 0.42, 95%CI 0.15–1.16), B*52:01:01 (P = 0.031; OR 0.38, 95%CI 0.14–1.03), DQA1*03:02:01 (P = 0.028; OR 0.39, 95%CI 0.15–1.00) and DPB1*02:01:02 (P = 0.024; OR 0.45, 95%CI 0.21–0.97) appeared significantly associated with protection against systemic symptoms after two doses of BNT162b2 vaccination. Further studies with larger sample sizes are clearly warranted to determine HLA allele associations with the production and long-term sustainability of IgG-S after COVID-19 vaccination.

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“…There are contradictory reports regarding the association between the humoral response to the BNT162b2 vaccine and adverse effects. For example, Grupper et al [15] did not find a correlation between symptoms or severity of symptoms to humoral response, in their study groups, but Otani et al [16] found an association between adverse effects and higher IgG levels. In our study, we found that fever and musculoskeletal complaints following the BNT162b2 vaccine are correlated with seropositivity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Immunogenicity and safety of the mRNA-based BNT162b2 vaccine in systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases patients

et al. 2022

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Background The COVID-19 outbreak has led to the rapid development and administration of the COVID-19 vaccines worldwide. Data about the immunogenicity and adverse effects of the vaccine on patients with systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases (SARDs) is emerging. Aim To evaluate Pfizer/BioNTech (BNT162b2) mRNA-based vaccine second-dose immunogenicity and safety, and the relation between them, in patients with SARDs. Methods A total of one hundred forty tow adults who received two doses of the BNT162b2 vaccine were included in the study. The SARDs group included Ninety-nine patients and the control group (forty-three participants) comprised a mixture of healthy participants and patients who were seen at the rheumatology clinic for non-SARDs. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies against the Spike protein were evaluated using a SARS-CoV-2 IgG immunoassay. A level of > 150 AU/mL was considered positive. An adverse effects questionnaire was given to the participants upon their first visit to the clinic after their BNT162b2 vaccination. Results Of the 142 participants, 116 were seropositive (81.7%) and 26 (18.3%) were seronegative. Of the seronegative participants, 96.2% were SARDs patients. The proportion of seropositivity in the SARDs patients treated with any immunosuppressant was significantly lower (69.9%) compared to the control group and SARDs patients not receiving immunosuppressants (96.8%). A significant negative correlation between seronegativity and treatment with rituximab, mycophenolate mofetil (MMF), and prednisone was found in the SARDs group (p = 0.004, 0.044, 0.007 respectively). No fever was observed following the BNT162b2 vaccine in seronegative patients, and the frequency of musculoskeletal adverse effects upon the second dose of the BNT162b2 vaccine was significantly higher in seropositive compared to seronegative patients and in the control group compared to the SARDs patients (p = 0.045, p = 0.02 respectively). Conclusion A decline in the immunogenicity to the second dose of BNT162b2 mRNA is seen in patients with SARDs, especially in patients treated with rituximab, MMF, and prednisone. Adverse effects of the vaccine including fever and musculoskeletal symptoms might be a signal for the acquisition of immunity in those patients. Key Points• BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine is less immunogenic in SARDs patients compared to the control group.• Rituximab, prednisone, and mycophenolate mofetil significantly reduced immunogenicity to the vaccine.• There is a correlation between immunogenicity and adverse effects of the vaccine.

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Association between Immunoglobulin G Levels and Adverse Effects Following Vaccination with the BNT162b2 Vaccine among Japanese Healthcare Workers

Cited by 12 publications

References 48 publications

Fever after Vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 with mRNA-Based Vaccine Associated with Higher Antibody Levels during 6 Months Follow-Up

Fever after Vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 with mRNA-Based Vaccine Associated with Higher Antibody Levels during 6 Months Follow-Up

Association study of HLA with the kinetics of SARS-CoV-2 spike specific IgG antibody responses to BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine

Immunogenicity and safety of the mRNA-based BNT162b2 vaccine in systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases patients

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