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<b>Aim</b>: The purpose of this research was to contrast (heart-rate corrected QT interval) QTc, and (QT dispersion) QTd intervals in individuals with (temporal lobe epilepsy) TLE and those without TLE using a standard 12-lead electrocardiogram.<br /> <b>Patients & methods</b>: This cross-sectional research was undertaken on 100 cases aged 10 to 20 diagnosed with epilepsy in accordance with 2017 ILAE criteria. The patients’ informed written permission was acquired. In our study, we included 100 cases: 50 with TLE and 50 with non-TLE verified by seizure semiology. All patients were subjected to a comprehensive history, clinical examination (heart rate, pulse, and blood pressure), and clinical evaluation, which included a comprehensive epilepsy history. On the basis of neurology service documents or the initial publication of the international classification of diseases, 9<sup>th</sup> revision (ICD9) diagnostic or 10<sup>th</sup> revision (ICD10) codes for epilepsy, diagnostic age for epilepsy was calculated.<br /> <b>Results: </b>The mean QT interval in group I was 418.30±25.48 ms while that of group II was 406.20±27.63 ms, the mean QTc of group I was 513.60±61.94 ms and was 488.70±50.65 in group II. The calculated QTd was with a mean of 57.60±25.05 ms while that of group II was 43.60±31.89 ms. It means that the QT interval, QTc, and QTd values were considerably greater in the group I (temporal epilepsy) contrasted with group II (non-temporal epilepsy); (p=0.025, 0.030, and 0.016, respectively). The mean QT, QTc, and QTd values for FE were 409.20±20.80, 500.70±55.60, and 52.60±29.70 ms, respectively. QT, QTc, and QTd mean values for patients with widespread epilepsy were 412.00±25.60, 505.00±68.60, and 46.20±28.70 ms. QT, QTc, and QTd interval were insignificantly different between focal and generalized epilepsy. The longer an illness progresses, the longer the QT and QTc intervals, as there was a substantial positive correlation among illness’s course and QT interval (r=0.391, p<0.001) and QTc interval (r=0.289, p=0.011), but there was no noticeable impact on QTd due to the illness’s duration, as we found an insignificant correlation among duration of illness and QTC and QTd.<br /> <b>Conclusions: </b>Our findings indicate that; QTc interval and QTd are longer in epilepsy cases more among TLE cases contrasted with non-TLE. Since there was no distinction among different epilepsy types (focal and generalized).
<b>Aim</b>: The purpose of this research was to contrast (heart-rate corrected QT interval) QTc, and (QT dispersion) QTd intervals in individuals with (temporal lobe epilepsy) TLE and those without TLE using a standard 12-lead electrocardiogram.<br /> <b>Patients & methods</b>: This cross-sectional research was undertaken on 100 cases aged 10 to 20 diagnosed with epilepsy in accordance with 2017 ILAE criteria. The patients’ informed written permission was acquired. In our study, we included 100 cases: 50 with TLE and 50 with non-TLE verified by seizure semiology. All patients were subjected to a comprehensive history, clinical examination (heart rate, pulse, and blood pressure), and clinical evaluation, which included a comprehensive epilepsy history. On the basis of neurology service documents or the initial publication of the international classification of diseases, 9<sup>th</sup> revision (ICD9) diagnostic or 10<sup>th</sup> revision (ICD10) codes for epilepsy, diagnostic age for epilepsy was calculated.<br /> <b>Results: </b>The mean QT interval in group I was 418.30±25.48 ms while that of group II was 406.20±27.63 ms, the mean QTc of group I was 513.60±61.94 ms and was 488.70±50.65 in group II. The calculated QTd was with a mean of 57.60±25.05 ms while that of group II was 43.60±31.89 ms. It means that the QT interval, QTc, and QTd values were considerably greater in the group I (temporal epilepsy) contrasted with group II (non-temporal epilepsy); (p=0.025, 0.030, and 0.016, respectively). The mean QT, QTc, and QTd values for FE were 409.20±20.80, 500.70±55.60, and 52.60±29.70 ms, respectively. QT, QTc, and QTd mean values for patients with widespread epilepsy were 412.00±25.60, 505.00±68.60, and 46.20±28.70 ms. QT, QTc, and QTd interval were insignificantly different between focal and generalized epilepsy. The longer an illness progresses, the longer the QT and QTc intervals, as there was a substantial positive correlation among illness’s course and QT interval (r=0.391, p<0.001) and QTc interval (r=0.289, p=0.011), but there was no noticeable impact on QTd due to the illness’s duration, as we found an insignificant correlation among duration of illness and QTC and QTd.<br /> <b>Conclusions: </b>Our findings indicate that; QTc interval and QTd are longer in epilepsy cases more among TLE cases contrasted with non-TLE. Since there was no distinction among different epilepsy types (focal and generalized).
Introduction: Epidemiological studies have shown that the risk of myocardial infarction and stroke is significantly higher in patients with epilepsy compared with people not suffering from epilepsy. The aim of the study was to study the parameters of HRV and EEG in patients with epilepsy to identify risk factors for cardiovascular pathology. Materials and methods: We observed 50 patients with epilepsy without cardiovascular pathology (group 1) and 56 patients with epilepsy and cardiovascular pathology (group 2). All patients underwent clinical neurological examination, EEG, HRV and ECG assessment. Results: There was a significant decrease in the HRV power in both groups of patients compared with general population data (p <0.02). Also in patients of the 2nd group, TP and the power of HRV in the LF, HF ranges were significantly decreased (p <0.001). Unstrained autonomic balance was detected in 40% in the 1st group and in 6% of patients in the 2nd group (p <0.001). Each patient had as higher LF/HF ratio as less time to next seizure left (rs = 0.72; p <0.05). There was no correlation of the heart rate (ECG) and the time to the next seizure (rs = 0.12; p <0.05). A correlation of the LF / HF ratio with β rhythm (EEG) was revealed for patients in both groups (for group 1: rs = 0.48; for group 2: rs = 0.52; p <0.02). When evaluating HRV in both groups, depending on the taken AEDs, it was found that the average values of TP, VLF, LF, HF, SDNN were significantly lower in patients receiving carbamazepine when compared with patients receiving other AEDs (p<0.001). Conclusions: The factors of increased cardiovascular risk were: tense autonomic balance with a tendency to sympathicotonia, signs of a decrease in parasympathetic activity, a decrease in the TP, an increase in the representation of the EEG β-rhythm. The magnitude of the change in the frequency of the α rhythm in response to hyperventilation as well as the magnitude of the change in TP in orthostasis can serve as indicators of the adaptation reserve in patients with epilepsy. The development of an acute vascular event may increase the frequency of seizures and the presence of paroxysmal EEG phenomena. HRV is more informative to determine the oncoming of the seizure, than the routine ECG. Levetiracetam and lamotrigine have a more favorable effect on the autonomic balance of the heart than carbamazepine and valproic acid.
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