Association between DNA ploidy and micronucleus frequency in chronic smokers and impact of smoking cessation

Abstract

Tobacco use may initiate the process of oral carcinogenesis with clinically undetectable changes. Smoking cessation may prevent its progression. The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between DNA ploidy and micronucleus (MN) frequency in chronic smokers. Three groups were evaluated: Smoker Group, Former Smoker Group and Control Group. Exfoliative cytology was performed on the lateral border of the tongue and mouth floor. MN and DNA ploidy analyses were performed, as well as the correlation between the variables. The data showed a difference between the groups for the total MN (p = 0.0227), and the Smoker group had the highest mean (4.22 ± 4.12). The three groups did not differ statistically from each other on ploidy evaluation (p-value > 0.05). There was also an association between aneuploidy and increased MN frequency in the Former Smoker group (p = 0.0036). In conclusion, these results point out that there is a relationship between the frequency of MN and aneuploidy in former smokers. Moreover, smoking cessation, even for a short period of time, may promote the decrease of MN frequency caused by tobacco use.

Early Diagnosis of Oral Mucosal Alterations in Smokers and E-Cigarette Users Based on Micronuclei Count: A Cross-Sectional Study among Dental Students

“…The latter are extracellular cytoplasmic bodies that are formed during anaphase from chromosomal fragments. Several studies showed that there is a correlation between the frequency of MN and severity of the genotoxic damage, these being further used for grading the lesion [26,27]. Therefore, MN count is regarded as an indicator of chromosomal aberrations and is useful in detecting early-stage carcinogenesis [28,29].…”

Are cytogenetic assays in exfoliated cells able to predict the development of oral cancer in chronic smokers?

“…We read the manuscript recently published by Cruz et al 1 in the Human and Experimental Toxicology titled "Association between DNA ploidy and micronucleus frequency in chronic smokers and impact of smoking cessation" with much interest. In this article, the authors detected high frequencies of micronucleated cells in chronic smokers when compared to control group.…”