Association between Cold Face Test‐induced vagal inhibition and cortisol response to acute stress

Marca, Roberto La; Waldvogel, Patricia; Thörn, Hanna; Tripod, Mélanie; Wirtz, Petra H.; Pruessner, Jens C.; Ehlert, Ulrike

doi:10.1111/j.1469-8986.2010.01078.x

Cited by 39 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…Several studies of emotional SR have reported that more adaptive emotion regulation strategies are associated with lower cortisol response to stress (e.g., Lam, Dickerson, Zoccola, & Zaldivar, 2009; Quirin, Kuhl, & Dusing, 2011). Likewise, RSA plays a role in inhibiting cortisol (see Thayer & Sternberg, 2006), producing negative relations between RSA or HRV and cortisol under stressful conditions, and between baseline cardiac indices and cortisol reactivity to stress (e.g., Bueno et al, 1989; Johnson, Hansen, Sollers, Murison, & Thayer, 2002; La Marca et al, 2011; Weber et al, 2010). Thus, these studies point to the role of top-down SR in the regulation of HPA axis activity in adults (for a review, see Dedovic, Duchesne, Andrews, Engert, & Pruessner, 2009).…”

Section: The Influence Of the Prenatal Environment On Children’s Selfmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intergenerational transmission of self-regulation: A multidisciplinary review and integrative conceptual framework.

Bridgett¹,

Burt²,

Edwards³

et al. 2015

Psychological Bulletin

498

476

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This review examines mechanisms contributing to the intergenerational transmission of self-regulation. To provide an integrated account of how self-regulation is transmitted across generations, we draw from over 75 years of accumulated evidence, spanning case studies to experimental approaches, in literatures covering developmental, social, and clinical psychology, and criminology, physiology, genetics, and human and animal neuroscience (among others). First, we present a taxonomy of what self-regulation is and then examine how it develops – overviews that guide the main foci of the review. Next, studies supporting an association between parent and child self-regulation are reviewed. Subsequently, literature that considers potential social mechanisms of transmission, specifically parenting behavior, inter-parental (i.e., marital) relationship behaviors, and broader rearing influences (e.g., household chaos) are considered. Finally, literature providing evidence that prenatal programming may be the starting point of the intergenerational transmission of self-regulation is covered, along with key findings from the behavioral and molecular genetics literatures. To integrate these literatures, we introduce the Self-Regulation Intergenerational Transmission Model, a framework that brings together prenatal, social, and neurobiological mechanisms (spanning endocrine, neural, and genetic levels, including gene-environment interplay and epigenetic processes) to explain the intergenerational transmission of self-regulation. This model also incorporates potential transactional processes between generations (e.g., children’s self-regulation and parent-child interaction dynamics that may affect parents’ self-regulation) that further influence intergenerational processes. In pointing the way forward, we note key future directions and ways to address limitations in existing work throughout the review and in closing. We also conclude by noting several implications for intervention work.

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Section: The Influence Of the Prenatal Environment On Children’s Selfmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intergenerational transmission of self-regulation: A multidisciplinary review and integrative conceptual framework.

Bridgett¹,

Burt²,

Edwards³

et al. 2015

Psychological Bulletin

498

476

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…This procedure was chosen in order to prevent multiple testing (La Marca et al, 2011). In a first step, correlation analyses were conducted between these variables.…”

Section: Developmental Psychobiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a second step, hierarchical regression analyses were performed with those stress markers that were significantly associated with birth outcome. This procedure was chosen in order to prevent multiple testing (La Marca et al, 2011). Gestational length, birth weight, and birth size served separately as dependent variables.…”

Section: Developmental Psychobiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

The association between the acute psychobiological stress response in second trimester pregnant women, amniotic fluid glucocorticoids, and neonatal birth outcome

Ghaemmaghami

Dainese

Marca

et al. 2013

Developmental Psychobiology

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The underlying biological mechanism of prenatal stress in humans is poorly understood, but maternal cortisol (F) excess seems to play an important role. In pregnant rats, acute stress causes an up-regulation of placental 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 (11β-HSD2), an enzyme present throughout the body (e.g., placenta, salivary glands) that inactivates F to cortisone (E), thereby protecting the fetus from maternal F overexposure. Whether acute stress influences human 11β-HSD2 is unclear. We aimed to explore the association between the maternal stress reactivity and amniotic fluid F, E, and the E/(E + F) ratio as a marker of fetoplacental 11β-HSD2. The predictive value of all markers for birth outcome was investigated. We examined 34 healthy pregnant women undergoing amniocentesis, which served as a standardized, real-life stressor. F, E, and E/(E + F) were determined from a single aliquot of amniotic fluid, and from saliva samples collected repeatedly. Subjects filled out state questionnaires repeatedly and were re-examined in a control condition after notification of a normal amniocentesis result. During amniocentesis, psychological stress, salivary F (SalF), and salivary E (SalE) increased significantly, whereas SalE/(E + F) decreased. The SalF reactivity was positively associated with amniotic E, while SalE/(E + F) was inversely associated with amniotic E/(E + F). SalF and SalE predicted lower and SalE/(E + F) higher birth weight. Psychological and amniotic fluid variables were unrelated to birth outcome. Findings indicate that maternal F is inactivated to E in the human fetoplacental unit during acute stress. Increased 11β-HSD2 activity within the maternal salivary glands following acute stress may mirror further stress protective mechanisms worthwhile investigating.

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“…During exposure to cold, the cortisol level in humans rises dramatically, except when they are exposed quickly (as in the cold face test), when there are reduced cortisol rises, perhaps due to vagal inhibition [35]. It is suspected that exposure to extreme cold temperature gives rise to a similar stress-like response with respect to cortisol levels in humans.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Born to Yawn? Understanding Yawning as a Warning of the Rise in Cortisol Levels: Randomized Trial

Thompson¹,

Bishop²

2012

Interact J Med Res

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BackgroundYawning consistently poses a conundrum to the medical profession and neuroscientists. Despite neurological evidence such as parakinesia brachialis oscitans in stroke patients and thermo-irregulation in multiple sclerosis patients, there is considerable debate over the reasons for yawning with the mechanisms and hormonal pathways still not fully understood. Cortisol is implicated during yawning and may link many neurological disorders. Evidence was found in support of the Thompson cortisol hypothesis that proposes cortisol levels are elevated during yawning just as they tend to rise during stress and fatigue.ObjectivesTo investigate whether saliva cortisol levels rise during yawning and, therefore, support the Thompson cortisol hypothesis.MethodsWe exposed 20 male and female volunteers aged between 18 and 53 years to conditions that provoked a yawning response in a randomized controlled trial. Saliva samples were collected at the start and again after the yawning response, or at the end of the stimuli presentations if the participant did not yawn. In addition, we collected electromyographic data of the jaw muscles to determine rest and yawning phases of neural activity. Yawning susceptibility scale, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, General Health Questionnaire, and demographic and health details were also collected from each participant. A comprehensive data set allowed comparison between yawners and nonyawners, as well as between rest and yawning phases. Collecting electromyographic data from the yawning phase is novel, and we hope this will provide new information about neuromuscular activity related to cortisol levels. Exclusion criteria included chronic fatigue, diabetes, fibromyalgia, heart conditions, high blood pressure, hormone replacement therapy, multiple sclerosis, and stroke. We compared data between and within participants.ResultsIn the yawning group, there was a significant difference between saliva cortisol samples (t 10 = –3.071, P = .01). Power and effect size were computed based on repeated-measures t tests for both the yawning and nonyawning groups. There was a medium effect size for the nonyawners group (r = .467) but low power (36%). Results were similar for the yawners group: medium effect size (r = .440) and low power (33%).ConclusionsThere was significant evidence in support of the Thompson cortisol hypothesis that suggests cortisol levels are elevated during yawning. A further longitudinal study is planned to test neurological patients. We intend to devise a diagnostic tool based on changes in cortisol levels that may assist in the early diagnosis of neurological disorders based on the data collected.Trial RegistrationInternational Standard Randomized Controlled Trial Number (ISRCTN): 61942768; http://www.controlled-trials.com/ISRCTN61942768/61942768 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/6A75ZNYvr)

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Association between Cold Face Test‐induced vagal inhibition and cortisol response to acute stress

Cited by 39 publications

References 75 publications

Intergenerational transmission of self-regulation: A multidisciplinary review and integrative conceptual framework.

Intergenerational transmission of self-regulation: A multidisciplinary review and integrative conceptual framework.

The association between the acute psychobiological stress response in second trimester pregnant women, amniotic fluid glucocorticoids, and neonatal birth outcome

Born to Yawn? Understanding Yawning as a Warning of the Rise in Cortisol Levels: Randomized Trial

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