Association between climate variables and global transmission oF SARS-CoV-2

Sobral, Marcos Felipe Falcão; Duarte, Gisléia Benini; Sobral, Ana Iza Gomes da Penha; Marinho, Marcelo; Melo, André de Souza

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138997

Cited by 256 publications

(272 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…We showed that >10 sec of UVC radiation or 48 h incubation at 37 °C neutralized SARS-CoV-2, establishing a rationale and methodology for safe work in the laboratory. These results are consistent with previous studies showing that physical factors destabilize SARS-CoV-2 and other viruses (Cadnum et al, 2020;Demongeot et al, 2020;Ianevski et al, 2019b;Sobral et al, 2020).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Potential antiviral options against SARS-CoV-2 infection

Ianevski

Yao

Fenstad

et al. 2020

Preprint

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As of May 2020, the number of people infected with SARS-CoV-2 continues to skyrocket, with more than 4,5 million cases worldwide. Both the World Health Organization (WHO) and United Nations (UN) has highlighted the need for better control of SARS-CoV-2 infections. Developing novel virus-specific vaccines, monoclonal antibodies and antiviral drugs against SARS-CoV-2 can be time-consuming and costly. Convalescent plasma and safe-in-man broad-spectrum antivirals (BSAAs) are readily available treatment options. Here we developed a neutralization assay using SARS-CoV-2 virus and monkey Vero-E6 cells. We identified most potent sera from recovered patients for treatment of SARS-CoV-2-infected patients. We also screened 136 safe-in-man broad-spectrum antivirals against SARS-CoV-2 infection in Vero-E6 cells and identified antiviral activity of nelfinavir, salinomycin, amodiaquine, obatoclax, emetine and homoharringtonine. We found that combinations of virus-directed drug nelfinavir with host-directed drugs, such as salinomycin, amodiaquine, obatoclax, emetine and homoharringtonine exhibit synergistic effect against SARS-CoV-2 in vitro. Finally, we developed a website to disseminate the knowledge on available and emerging treatments of COVID-19.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Potential antiviral options against SARS-CoV-2 infection

Ianevski

Yao

Fenstad

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…Another laboratory study also reported that the viability of coronaviruses reduced rapidly when the temperature or relative humidity increased [6]. Most epidemiological studies [3,[7][8][9]] also suggested that the weather with low temperature and low humidity likely favored the transmission of COVID-19. However, a Brazilian study [10] showed that higher mean temperature and average relative humidity favored the COVID-19 transmission, differently from reports from coldest countries or periods under cool temperatures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Temperature and Humidity on COVID-19 Transmission in California, US: A Time-Series Study

Fang

Wang

Pan

2020

Preprint

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Background: Previous researches inferred that high temperatures and high humidity might weaken COVID-19 transmission. However, with the warming weather coming, the COVID-19 pandemic is still intensifying. Methods: This study aims to evaluate the associations between daily temperature, relative humidity, and COVID-19 cases using the Distributed Lag Non-linear Model (DLNM) from Jan 27th to July 15th, 2020, in California, US.Results: There was a statistically significant difference between COVID-19 and temperature from 6 °C to 9 °C, relative humidity from 80% to 98%. It increased the risk of 95.4% at 6 °C (RR:1.954; CI: 1.032-3.701). It increased the risk of 70.3% when the humidity was 98% (RR: 1.703, CI: 1.049-2.765). At low temperature group, it increased the risk of 46.3% (RR = 1.463, 95%CI: 1.054-2.030) on lag 0-4 days. At high humidity group, it increased the risk of 42.3% (RR = 1.423, 95%CI: 1.070-1.892) on lag 0-6 days.Conclusions: We found that low temperature and high humidity were the risky factors of COVID-19 transmission, and higher temperature and lower humidity had no effect on the transmission of COVID-19, which indicated that it might not slow down due to weather factors in summer in the Mediterranean climate.

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“…Clustering E is based on temperature pro le only and it clearly suggested that higher temperature produced higher R 0 . This is a unique nding in itself as the role of temperature in the spread of COVID-19 has been studied [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22] and the predominant prediction was mostly the opposite; evidence from published studies documented negative associations between increasing temperature and COVID-19 transmission 15,17,22 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Control effort proved one of the keys to prevent and contain the spatial spread 14 . The role of temperature in the spread of COVID-19 has been studied [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22] and debated among policymakers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 in China: Risk Factors and R0 Revisited

Khan

Zhang

Zafar

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Abstract Background: The COVID-19 epidemic had spread rapidly through China and subsequently has proliferated globally leading to a pandemic situation around the globe. Human-to-human transmissions, as well as asymptomatic transmissions of the infection, have been confirmed. As of April 3rd, public health crisis in China due to COVID-19 is potentially under control. Methods: We compiled a daily dataset of case counts, mortality, recovery, temperature, population density, and demographic information for each prefecture during the period of January 11 to April 07, 2020 (excluding Wuhan from our analysis due to missing data). Understanding the characteristics of spatiotemporal clustering of the COVID-19 epidemic and R0 is critical in effectively preventing and controlling the ongoing global pandemic. The prefectures were grouped based on several relevant features using unsupervised machine learning techniques. We performed a computational analysis utilizing the reported cases in China to estimate the revised R0 among different regions for prevention planning in an ongoing global pandemic. Results: Finally, our results indicate that the impact of temperature and demographic (different age group percentage compared to the total population) factors on virus transmission may be characterized using a stochastic transmission model. Conclusions: Such predictions will help prioritize segments of a given community/ region for action and provide a visual aid in designing prevention strategies for a specific geographic region. Furthermore, revised estimation and our methodology will aid in improving the human health consequences of COVID-19 elsewhere.

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Association between climate variables and global transmission oF SARS-CoV-2

Cited by 256 publications

References 19 publications

Potential antiviral options against SARS-CoV-2 infection

Potential antiviral options against SARS-CoV-2 infection

Effects of Temperature and Humidity on COVID-19 Transmission in California, US: A Time-Series Study

COVID-19 in China: Risk Factors and R0 Revisited

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