Association between chronic stress and Alzheimer’s disease: Therapeutic effects of Saffron

Saeedi, Mohammad; Rashidy-Pour, Ali

doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110995

Cited by 68 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 135 publications

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“…Many authors have confirmed the hypothesis that oxidative stress represents a common mechanism that mediates the accumulation and toxicity of Aβ [ 103 ]. Therefore, oxidative stress can be considered one of the factors responsible for the accumulation of Aβ.…”

Section: Oxidative Stress Vs Aβmentioning

confidence: 89%

Oxidative Stress and Beta Amyloid in Alzheimer’s Disease. Which Comes First: The Chicken or the Egg?

et al. 2021

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The pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease involves β amyloid (Aβ) accumulation known to induce synaptic dysfunction and neurodegeneration. The brain’s vulnerability to oxidative stress (OS) is considered a crucial detrimental factor in Alzheimer’s disease. OS and Aβ are linked to each other because Aβ induces OS, and OS increases the Aβ deposition. Thus, the answer to the question “which comes first: the chicken or the egg?” remains extremely difficult. In any case, the evidence for the primary occurrence of oxidative stress in AD is attractive. Thus, evidence indicates that a long period of gradual oxidative damage accumulation precedes and results in the appearance of clinical and pathological AD symptoms, including Aβ deposition, neurofibrillary tangle formation, metabolic dysfunction, and cognitive decline. Moreover, oxidative stress plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of many risk factors for AD. Alzheimer’s disease begins many years before its symptoms, and antioxidant treatment can be an important therapeutic target for attacking the disease.

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Section: Oxidative Stress Vs Aβmentioning

confidence: 89%

Oxidative Stress and Beta Amyloid in Alzheimer’s Disease. Which Comes First: The Chicken or the Egg?

et al. 2021

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“…Anesthetic ketamine was also found to induce the overexpression of the transcription marker c-fos, which is an index of neuronal damage [13]. By contrast, in a series of studies, the beneficial action of saffron and crocins against cognitive dysfunctions, a typical feature of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, or cerebral ischemia has been revealed [38]. In particular, crocins (injected intraperitoneally) were found to exert an inhibitory action on acetylcholinesterase activity [39] and demonstrated efficacy in counteracting β-amyloid (Aβ)-induced cognitive deficits [40] and c-fos overexpression in rats [41].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crocins, the Bioactive Components of Crocus sativus L., Counteract the Disrupting Effects of Anesthetic Ketamine on Memory in Rats

Pitsikas

Tarantilis

2021

Molecules

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Consistent experimental evidence suggests that anesthetic doses of the non-competitive N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist ketamine cause severe memory impairments in rodents. Crocins are among the various bioactive ingredients of the plant Crocus sativus L., and their implication in memory is well-documented. It has not yet been elucidated if crocins are able to attenuate the memory deficits produced by anesthetic ketamine. The present study was undertaken aiming to clarify this issue in the rat. For this aim, the object recognition, the object location and the habituation tests, reflecting non-spatial recognition memory, spatial recognition memory and associative memory, respectively, were utilized. A post-training challenge with crocins (15–30 mg/kg, intraperitoneally (i.p.), acutely) counteracted anesthetic ketamine (100 mg/kg, i.p.)-induced performance impairments in all the above-mentioned behavioral memory paradigms. The current findings suggest that crocins modulate anesthetic ketamine’s amnestic effects.

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“…Currently, the impact of saffron on the central nervous system, mainly on mental diseases, is widely studied and numerous data are available [ 55 ]. There is also substantial evidence showing that saffron has several benefits on age-related diseases, including cardiovascular diseases [ 56 , 57 ], ocular diseases [ 58 , 59 ], neurodegenerative diseases [ 60 , 61 ] and type-2 diabetes [ 62 ]. The main beneficial effects of major saffron constituents (crocetin, crocins and safranal) on neuropsychiatric and age-related diseases are summarized in Figure 4 .…”

Section: Benefits Of Saffron On Human Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Saffron (Crocus sativus L.): A Source of Nutrients for Health and for the Treatment of Neuropsychiatric and Age-Related Diseases

et al. 2022

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Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) is a medicinal plant, originally cultivated in the East and Middle East, and later in some Mediterranean countries. Saffron is obtained from the stigmas of the plant. Currently, the use of saffron is undergoing a revival. The medicinal virtues of saffron, its culinary use and its high added value have led to the clarification of its phytochemical profile and its biological and therapeutic characteristics. Saffron is rich in carotenoids and terpenes. The major products of saffron are crocins and crocetin (carotenoids) deriving from zeaxanthin, pirocrocin and safranal, which give it its taste and aroma, respectively. Saffron and its major compounds have powerful antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties in vitro and in vivo. Anti-tumor properties have also been described. The goal of this review is to present the beneficial effects of saffron and its main constituent molecules on neuropsychiatric diseases (depression, anxiety and schizophrenia) as well as on the most frequent age-related diseases (cardiovascular, ocular and neurodegenerative diseases, as well as sarcopenia). Overall, the phytochemical profile of saffron confers many beneficial virtues on human health and, in particular, on the prevention of age-related diseases, which is a major asset reinforcing the interest for this medicinal plant.

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Association between chronic stress and Alzheimer’s disease: Therapeutic effects of Saffron

Cited by 68 publications

References 135 publications

Oxidative Stress and Beta Amyloid in Alzheimer’s Disease. Which Comes First: The Chicken or the Egg?

Oxidative Stress and Beta Amyloid in Alzheimer’s Disease. Which Comes First: The Chicken or the Egg?

Crocins, the Bioactive Components of Crocus sativus L., Counteract the Disrupting Effects of Anesthetic Ketamine on Memory in Rats

Saffron (Crocus sativus L.): A Source of Nutrients for Health and for the Treatment of Neuropsychiatric and Age-Related Diseases

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