Association Between Alcohol Consumption and Subclinical Carotid Atherosclerosis

Schminke, Ulf; Luedemann, Jan; Berger, Klaus; Alte, Dietrich; Mitüsch, Rolf; Wood, W. G.; Jaschinski, Anke; Barnow, Sven; John, Ulrich; Kessler, Christof

doi:10.1161/01.str.0000173159.65228.68

Cited by 53 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 36 publications

(30 reference statements)

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“…Data of the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study and the Three-City study found no relationship between alcohol consumption and IMT (Demirovic et al, 1993;Zureik et al, 2004). Data from the Study of Health in Pomerania showed an inverse correlation of alcohol consumption with IMT in men, whereas in women no correlation was seen (Schminke et al, 2005). In the Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS) of adults aged X65 years, only a moderate alcohol intake was inversely related to IMT, whereas a higher amount showed a positive correlation (Mukamal et al, 2003).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) is an established strong predictor of future coronary and cerebrovascular events and is presumed to reflect subclinical atherosclerosis; however, data in young or healthy individuals are limited and have yielded inconsistent results (Bots et al, 1997;Chambless et al, 1997;O'Leary et al, 1999;Lorenz et al, 2007). Some investigators found an inverse association in men but not in women, whereas others failed to show a relationship at all (Kauhanen et al, 1999;Zureik et al, 2004;Schminke et al, 2005;Lee et al, 2009). Previous studies have mainly been performed in middle-aged or elderly subjects with established risk factors for CVD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Association between alcohol consumption and carotid intima–media thickness in a healthy population: data of the STRATEGY study (Stress, Atherosclerosis and ECG Study)

et al. 2010

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Background/Objectives: Epidemiological evidence suggests a protective effect of moderate alcohol consumption on cardiovascular events. However, studies assessing the association between alcohol intake and intima-media thickness (IMT) as a marker of subclinical atherosclerosis have provided inconsistent results. The aim of this analysis of the Stress Atherosclerosis and ECG Study (STRATEGY study) was to investigate the relation between alcohol intake and IMT in a selectively healthy population. Subjects/Methods: In a cross-sectional study, laboratory values, anthropometric data, nutrition habits and physical activity were assessed in 106 men and 107 women, evenly distributed between 30 and 70 years. Carotid IMT was determined by B-mode ultrasonography according to the standardized protocol of the Study of Health in Pomerania. Results: In men, a significant positive correlation between daily alcohol consumption and IMT was observed (Po0.0001), whereas in women the positive correlation was not significant. The type of beverage consumed did not affect this finding. The mean IMT was significantly higher in men with an alcohol intake above the upper limit of 20 g/day than in men with an alcohol intake o20 g/day (Po0.001). According to a stepwise linear regression model adjusted for age, conventional risk factors, nutrition and physical activity, the IMT increases by 0.0253 mm per 21.4 g/day intake of alcohol in men (Po0.05). Conclusions: The STRATEGY study revealed a positive association between alcohol consumption and carotid IMT in healthy men aged 30-70 years. This relationship remained significant after adjustment for nutrition, physical activity, anthropometry and conventional cardiovascular risk factors.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between alcohol consumption and carotid intima–media thickness in a healthy population: data of the STRATEGY study (Stress, Atherosclerosis and ECG Study)

et al. 2010

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“…Authors found thinner IMT than those in highrisk populations, suggesting that an increased IMT might reflect local atherosclerosis [38] . Protective factors such as HDL cholesterol or regular and moderate alcohol consumption are probably important determinants of the early stages of atherosclerosis in these low-risk populations [39] .…”

Section: Is Imt a Predictor Of Future Vascular Events In Coronary Or mentioning

confidence: 99%

Atherothrombosis and Plaque Heterology: Different Location or a Unique Disease?

Slevin¹,

Wang²,

Font³

et al. 2008

Pathobiology

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Formation of unstable plaques frequently results in atherothrombosis, the major cause for ischaemic stroke, myocardial infarction and peripheral arterial disease. Patients who have symptomatic thrombosis in one vascular bed are at increased risk of disease in other beds. However, the development of the disease in carotid, coronary and peripheral arteries may have different pathophysiology suggesting that more complex treatment protocols may have to be designed to reduce plaque development at different locations. In this review we describe the known risk factors, compare the developmental features of coronary and carotid plaque development and determine their association with end-point ischaemic events. Differences are also seen in the genetic contribution to plaque development as well as in the deregulation of gene and protein expression and cellular signal transduction activity of active cells in regions susceptible to thrombosis. Differences between carotid and coronary artery plaque development might help to explain the differences in anatomopathological appearance and risk of rupture.

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“…128 A U-or J-shaped relationship was observed between the level of alcohol intake and severity of carotid atherosclerosis in the Bruneck Study and the Study of Health in Pomerania. 129,130 Although the results of epidemiological studies have been inconsistent, light-to-moderate consumption seems to inhibit the development of carotid atherosclerosis.…”

Section: Cerebrovascular Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Physio-pathological effects of alcohol on the cardiovascular system: its role in hypertension and cardiovascular disease

Kawano

2010

Hypertens Res

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Alcohol has complex effects on the cardiovascular system. The purpose of this article is to review physio-pathological effects of alcohol on cardiovascular and related systems and to describe its role in hypertension and cardiovascular disease. The relationship between alcohol and hypertension is well known, and a reduction in the alcohol intake is widely recommended in the management of hypertension. Moreover, alcohol has both pressor and depressor actions. The latter actions are clear in Oriental subjects, especially in those who show alcohol flush because of the genetic variation in aldehyde dehydrogenase activity. Repeated alcohol intake in the evening causes an elevation in daytime and a reduction in nighttime blood pressure (BP), with little change in the average 24-h BP in Japanese men. Thus, the hypertensive effect of alcohol seems to be overestimated by the measurement of casual BP during the day. Heavy alcohol intake seems to increase the risk of several cardiovascular diseases, such as hemorrhagic stroke, arrhythmia and heart failure. On the other hand, alcohol may act to prevent atherosclerosis and to decrease the risk of ischemic heart disease, mainly by increasing HDL cholesterol and inhibiting thrombus formation. A J-or U-shaped relationship has been observed between the level of alcohol intake and risk of cardiovascular mortality and total mortality. It is reasonable to reduce the alcohol intake to less than 30 ml per day for men and 15 ml per day for women in the management of hypertension. As a small amount of alcohol seems to be beneficial, abstinence from alcohol is not recommended to prevent cardiovascular disease. INTRODUCTIONAlcohol has complex effects on the cardiovascular system. The relationship between alcohol and hypertension is well known, and a restriction of alcohol intake is widely recommended as a part of lifestyle modifications in the management of hypertension. 1-6 Alcohol has both pressor and depressor actions, however, and the genetic susceptibility regarding alcohol metabolism influences the cardiovascular effect of alcohol. 3,7 The effect of alcohol on blood pressure (BP) is also modified by several factors, such as the level of consumption, time period after the last drink and overall drinking behavior.Alcohol consumption is associated with several cardiovascular diseases, such as brain hemorrhage, heart failure and arrhythmia, as well as with other disorders. 3,[8][9][10][11] Heavy drinking and alcoholism not only lead to medical problems but are also serious social concerns. However, alcohol also seems to have beneficial effects, including the prevention of ischemic heart disease. It has been shown that cardiovascular and all-cause mortality is lower in light drinkers compared with nondrinkers. 3,[8][9][10][11][12] The purpose of this article is to review physio-pathological effects of alcohol on cardiovascular and related systems and to describe its role

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Association Between Alcohol Consumption and Subclinical Carotid Atherosclerosis

Cited by 53 publications

References 36 publications

Association between alcohol consumption and carotid intima–media thickness in a healthy population: data of the STRATEGY study (Stress, Atherosclerosis and ECG Study)

Association between alcohol consumption and carotid intima–media thickness in a healthy population: data of the STRATEGY study (Stress, Atherosclerosis and ECG Study)

Atherothrombosis and Plaque Heterology: Different Location or a Unique Disease?

Physio-pathological effects of alcohol on the cardiovascular system: its role in hypertension and cardiovascular disease

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