Associated Effects of Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals (EDCs) on Neuroendocrine Axes and Neurotransmitter Profile in Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Condition

Ananthasubramanian, Poornima; Ananth, S. Vijay; Kumaraguru, Sanjana; Seetharaman, Barathi; Santosh, Winkins; Vasantharekha, Ramasamy

doi:10.1007/s12595-021-00411-4

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…This disorder is linked to higher levels of oxidative stress and inflammation, which contribute to insulin resistance, obesity, and infertility; all these dysfunctions can be connected with EDC exposure, either directly or indirectly. Additionally, PCOS has neurotransmitter profile alterations similar to those seen in animals exposed to EDCs [ 30 ]. Endocrine disruptors are implicated in the induction of metabolic and reproductive abnormalities that resemble PCOS symptoms in vitro and animal investigations [ 31 ].…”

Section: Causes and Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Etiology, Current Management, and Future Therapeutics

Singh¹,

Pal²,

Shubham³

et al. 2023

JCM

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Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex endocrine and metabolic disorder, typically characterized by anovulation, infertility, obesity, insulin resistance, and polycystic ovaries. Lifestyle or diet, environmental pollutants, genetics, gut dysbiosis, neuroendocrine alterations, and obesity are among the risk factors that predispose females to PCOS. These factors might contribute to upsurging metabolic syndrome by causing hyperinsulinemia, oxidative stress, hyperandrogenism, impaired folliculogenesis, and irregular menstrual cycles. Dysbiosis of gut microbiota may play a pathogenic role in the development of PCOS. The restoration of gut microbiota by probiotics, prebiotics, or a fecal microbiota transplant (FMT) might serve as an innovative, efficient, and noninvasive way to prevent and mitigate PCOS. This review deliberates on the variety of risk factors potentially involved in the etiology, prevalence, and modulation of PCOS, in addition to plausible therapeutic interventions, including miRNA therapy and the eubiosis of gut microbiota, that may help treat and manage PCOS.

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Section: Causes and Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Etiology, Current Management, and Future Therapeutics

Singh¹,

Pal²,

Shubham³

et al. 2023

JCM

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show abstract

“…The result showed a higher serum concentration of the aforementioned pollutants in the PCOS group than in the control group ( 24 ). Studies have suggested EDCs may disrupt several neuroendocrine, hormonal, and metabolic signaling pathways, leading to the clinical features of PCOS ( 25 , 26 ). Considering the widespread nature of EDCs in the environment and consumer products, it has been advised to reduce the use of EDCs to protect women with PCOS from increasing adverse health effects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Air pollution exposure and pregnancy outcomes among women with polycystic ovary syndrome

Zhu

Cai

Guo

et al. 2022

Front. Public Health

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BackgroundRecently, the relationship between air pollution and reproductive outcomes has become a research focus. However, there is a lack of research on the relationship between air pollution and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).MethodsThis is a retrospective cohort study included a total of 1,652 women with PCOS and 12,543 women without PCOS conducted from 1 January 2015 to 31 December 2019. The average daily concentration data of six air pollutants (PM2.5, PM10, O3, NO2, SO2, and CO) during different exposure windows were obtained. Generalized estimating equation models were used to evaluate the association of air pollution with pregnancy outcomes.ResultsAir pollutants were not found to have a significant association with pregnancy rates among patients with PCOS. However, each IQR increase in PM10 exposure during period 3 (embryo transfer to serum HCG test) was associated with the reduced clinical pregnancy rate (adjusted OR = 0.92, 95% CI: 0.84–0.99) for patients without PCOS. Patients without PCOS showed lower clinical pregnancy rates with increased exposure to NO2 during periods 2 (oocyte retrieval to embryo transfer) and 5 (start of gonadotropin medication to embryo transfer), with aORs and 95% CIs of 0.94 (0.88, 0.99) and 0.94 (0.88, 0.98), respectively. Each IQR increase in SO2 among patients without PCOS during periods 1 (start of gonadotropin medication to oocyte retrieval), 2, 5, and 6 (start of gonadotropin medication to serum HCG test) was related to a decrease in clinical pregnancy rate. For the live birth rate, no significant relationship was found between air pollutants, including PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NO2, CO, and O3, and the live birth rate for women with PCOS. However, women without PCOS presented a lower probability of live birth with exposure to SO2 during periods 1, 2, 5, and 6.ConclusionThis retrospective study of reproductive-aged women observed no significant relationships between ambient pollutants and pregnancy outcomes among women with PCOS but found negative associations among women without PCOS.

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“…Endocrine disrupting chemicals have a significant role in chronic systemic inflammation (284), insulin resistance (285), hyperandrogenism (286), microbiome disruption (287) neuroendocrine imbalance (288), obesity (289), oxidative stress (290), AGE (291), and inflammasomes (292), all of which are involved in the pathophysiology of PCOS. Intervention trials, randomized-controlled trials (RCT), and systematic reviews of RCT, will never be possible or ethical in humans.…”

Section: Environmental and Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals In Pcosmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hypotheses about mechanisms of causation need to be based on observational studies in humans, human bio-monitoring studies, intervention studies in animals, and disasters from inadvertent human exposure (279). Large amounts of data are already available that provide "evidence" of the potential harmful effects of EDC in humans (284)(285)(286)(287)(288)(289)(290)(291)(292)(293). The implementation of the "Precautionary Principle" (294), is supported by a long list of previous known disasters that have occurred due to delayed action, or negligent inaction (diethylstilbestrol, thalidomide, nicotine, dioxin, asbestos, mesh) (295).…”

Section: Environmental and Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals In Pcosmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many EDC have been investigated and implicated in the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of PCOS. These include heavy metals, persistent organic pollutants, polychlorinated biphenyls, organochloride pesticides, air pollutants, pesticides, herbicides, nanomaterials, and plastics (288,(296)(297)(298)(299)(300). EDC can act individually, but humans are usually exposed to mixtures of chemicals on a regular basis (301).…”

Section: Environmental and Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals In Pcosmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pathophysiological Effects of Contemporary Lifestyle on Evolutionary-Conserved Survival Mechanisms that Disturb the Hallmarks of Health in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Parker¹

2023

Preprint

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Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is increasingly being characterized as an evolutionary mismatch disorder that presents with a complex mixture of metabolic and endocrine symptoms. The Evolutionary Model proposes that PCOS arises from a collection of inherited polymorphisms that have been consistently demonstrated in a variety of ethnic groups and races. In-utero developmental programming of susceptible genomic variants are thought to predispose the offspring to develop PCOS. Postnatal exposure to lifestyle and environmental risk factors results in epigenetic activation of developmentally programmed genes and disturbance of the hallmarks of health. The resulting pathophysiological changes represent the consequences of poor-quality diet, sedentary behaviour, endocrine disrupting chemicals, stress, circadian disruption, and other lifestyle factors. Emerging evidence suggests that lifestyle-induced gastrointestinal dysbiosis plays a central role in the pathogenesis of PCOS. Lifestyle and environmental exposures initiate changes that result in disturbance of the gastrointestinal microbiome (dysbiosis), immune dysregulation (chronic inflammation), altered metabolism (insulin resistance), endocrine and reproductive imbalance (hyperandrogenism), and central nervous system dysfunction (neuroendocrine, autonomic nervous system). PCOS can be a progressive metabolic condition that leads to obesity, gestational diabetes, type 2 diabetes, metabolic-associated fatty liver disease, metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. This review explores the mechanisms that underpin the evolutionary mismatch between ancient survival pathways and contemporary lifestyle factors involved in the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of PCOS.

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Associated Effects of Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals (EDCs) on Neuroendocrine Axes and Neurotransmitter Profile in Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Condition

Cited by 7 publications

References 48 publications

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Etiology, Current Management, and Future Therapeutics

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Etiology, Current Management, and Future Therapeutics

Air pollution exposure and pregnancy outcomes among women with polycystic ovary syndrome

Pathophysiological Effects of Contemporary Lifestyle on Evolutionary-Conserved Survival Mechanisms that Disturb the Hallmarks of Health in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

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