Assistência de enfermagem ao recém-nascido pré-termo frente às possíveis intercorrências

Abstract

RESUMO: Objetivo: conhecer a assistência de enfermagem oferecida a recém-nascidos pré-termo frente às possíveis intercorrências. Método: estudo qualitativo, com profissionais de enfermagem em Unidades de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal, no período de fevereiro a março de 2010. Foi utilizado questionário semi-estruturado, com perguntas abertas e fechadas sobre atividades e conhecimentos básicos do cotidiano desses profissionais, analisando os dados por meio da análise de conteúdo. Resultados: As falas dos entrevistados revelaram a dificuldade em descrever corretamente os cuidados realizados diariamente no ambiente intensivo e a fragilidade na assistência prestada, mesmo reconhecendo a importância do conhecimento científico para a prática assistencial. Considerações Finais: há necessidade de implementar programas de educação permanente junto a essa equipe, compreendendo que os profissionais atuantes em unidades de neonatologia, como em outras unidades especializadas, assistem uma clientela com características muito peculiares, o que exige habilidades e conhecimentos específicos.Descritores: Cuidados de enfermagem; Enfermagem pediátrica; Criança; Prematuro; Fatores de risco.ABSTRACT: Aims: to identify the nursing care provided to preterm infants in relation to possible complications. Method: qualitative study with nurses in Neonatal Intensive Care Units in the period of February to March 2010. A semi-structured questionnaire was used, with open and closed questions about activities and basic knowledge of the daily life of these professionals, analyzing the data through content analysis. Results: the statements of the interviewees revealed difficulty to accurately describe the care provided on a daily basis in the intensive environment and weakness in the assistance provided, even though the importance of scientific knowledge for the nursing practice is recognized. Final Considerations: it is necessary to implement programs of continuing education for this team, comprehending that professionals working in neonatal units, such as in other specialized units, assist clients with very peculiar characteristics, what requires specific skills and knowledge.

Adaptation of an instrument to classify neonatal patients into care categories

“…The adaptation of the original instrument was based on the literature (1)(2)(5)(6)(7)9) , in Resolution No. 543, of April 18, 2017, from COFEN (8) , in addition to the clinical experience of the authors and experience in management of the first author.…”

“…The environment of the neonatal intensive care unit has a high technological density, which is used to provide support for balance and maintenance of the newborn's (NB) vital functions. The professionals inserted in this scenario work in search of harmony between human performance and the use of equipment, envisioning that the care remains humanized and safe (2) , while assisting the needs of the newborn and family. Thus, given the vulnerability of the patients and the frightening aspect that the environment full of bright and audible signs, equipment and devices can represent for parents, the literature has emphasized the relevance of nurses' performance in neonatal intensive care units to promote growth, physical and emotional development of newborns, especially premature infants, as well as the establishment of a bond with the family (3)(4) .…”

Nurses’ understanding of newborn care in oxygen therapy / Compreensão do enfermeiro sobre o cuidado ao recém-nascido em oxigenoterapia

“…In this sense, training and training are strategies that can improve NB care in ventilatory support, making this practice safe and avoiding complications arising from its use. 17 On the other hand, even though there were other more effective and safe supports in the O 2 supply to NB, some types of ventilatory support were cited by the interviewees, which are not well tolerated by them, cause discomfort and irritability, and make some procedures unfeasible:…”

“…The reduction of neonatal mortality in intermediate and intensive care units is due to the contribution of health professionals in recognizing the intercurrences presented in relation to the weaknesses in the physiological functions of the NB, as well as knowing what to do before them, and always within their professional competencies. 17 Given the aforementioned, it can be perceived that the effectiveness of oxygen therapy does not require an integral nursing care, mixing technical, scientific and human knowledge, in which the professional needs to be prepared to provide a care free of complications, and also intervene in a punctual and effective manner.…”

Perceptions of family on hospital in icu and reception of nursing / Percepções de familiares sobre hospitalização em uti e acolhimento de enfermagem / Percepciones de familia en el hospital en uci y recepción de enfermería

“…Quando as necessidades dos familiares em relação à atenção e acolhimento são atendidas, mesmo que o estado do seu ente querido seja ruim, eles se mostram satisfeitos e demonstram simpatia pela equipe, ao se expressarem agradecidos pelo cuidado oferecido pela equipe (17)(18)(19) .…”