Assessment of water contribution on total fluoride intake of various age groups of people in fluoride endemic and non-endemic areas of Dindigul District, Tamil Nadu, South India

An innovative drinking water nutritional quality index (DWNQI) for assessing drinking water contribution to intakes of dietary elements: A national and sub-national study in Iran

“…Adequate intake of F is effective in preventing dental caries, but the prolonged excess intake causes dental and skeletal fluorosis (Fawell et al, 2006;Mohebbi et al, 2013;Viswanathan et al, 2010). To avoid the adverse consequences of inadequate or excess intake of F, WHO (2011b) has recommenced a desirable range of 0.5-1.5 mg/L for F in drinking water.…”

Hydrochemical characteristics and quality assessment of groundwater in Amaravathi river basin of Karur district, Tamil Nadu, South India

“…The reason behind for high value recorded in the study area was constituted of the fractured hard rock zone. Anomalous level of F -in water is widespread in the fractured hard rock zone with pegmatite veins (Viswanathan et al 2010;Ramesam and Rajagopalan 1985). Fluorite (CaF 2 ) and calcite (CaCO 3 ) both contain Ca 2?…”

The effect of non-fluoride factors on risk of dental fluorosis: Evidence from rural populations of the Main Ethiopian Rift

“…The mineral content of food, e.g., the levels of calcium and magnesium, can influence F − bioavailability due to formation of insoluble complexes (Teotia and Teotia, 1975;Cerklawski and Ridlington, 1987;Malde et al, 2004). In addition, diet and water sourcing are mediated by household behaviors, some of which may be protective (for example using water sources that are low in F − ), and others may increase exposures and risks (Kaseva, 2006;Malinowska et al, 2008;Martínez-Mier et al, 2003;Viswanathan et al, 2010). In order to develop appropriate regimens and recommendations for reducing the negative impacts of F − -rich water on human health, it is thus important to understand how exposures to F − and other co-occurring natural contaminants influence the outcomes across individuals in a range of lifestyle habits.…”