The Northeast Anatolia Region of Turkey is a rich plant biodiversity spot including the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). This study was undertaken in order to collect, classify, and characterize bean landraces from the region. For this purpose, 256 common bean landraces were collected from 25 districts in 7 provinces and were grown in completely randomized block design with 3 replicates under the field conditions in Erzurum in Northeast Region, Turkey. Twenty-five qualitative and quantitative morphological markers were measured by International Plant Genetic Resources Institute and European Union Community Plant Variety Office criteria on the germplasm. Genetic variability was examined by path analysis, principal component analysis, Simpson's and Shannon and Weaver diversity indices, and UPGMA cluster dendrogram. A high level of polymorphism and genetic diversity was present within the germplasm for all the descriptors with the exception of bract color. Highest variation was recorded for seed yield, plant height, pod number per plant, and pod length. It was concluded based on findings that landraces in the collection may be used for breeding superior bean cultivars. Selection specifically for higher pod number per plant, longer pods, greater seed number per pod, and greater branch number per plant may be employed for breeding highyielding robust cultivars.