Assessment of Toxic Metals in Dairy Milk and Animal Feed in Peshawar, Pakistan

Iftikhar, Bushra; Arif, Saatea; Siddiqui, Samina; Khattak, R. A.

doi:10.9734/bbj/2014/9939

Cited by 30 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…In discriminant analysis, only a minimal number of selected variables would be sufficient to provide the maximum separation of the data into groups. A correlation closet to 0 means no linear relationship between them at a significant level of p < 0.05 [24] and Iftikhar et al [25] also found higher heavy metals concentration in industrial or urban areas compared to those of rural areas.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi Element Analysis of Cow Milk: Geographical Origin Determination and Potential Health Risk Assessment

Huque¹,

Choudhury²,

Khatun³

et al. 2018

IJEAB

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi Element Analysis of Cow Milk: Geographical Origin Determination and Potential Health Risk Assessment

Huque¹,

Choudhury²,

Khatun³

et al. 2018

IJEAB

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“…Zhang et al (2012) found that poultry feed had high concentrations of heavy metals in China. Similarly, high levels of heavy metals were found in poultry feed in Pakistan (Iftikhar et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Because of heavy metal contamination, mental behaviour, neurological functions and utilization of neurotransmitter may be deviated in human body (Iftikhar et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chromium and lead contamination in commercial poultry feeds of Bangladesh

Jothi

Yeasmin

Anka

et al. 2017

Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. & Tech.

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Heavy metals contamination into food chain is considered as an emerging crisis throughout the world especially in developing countries like Bangladesh. The concentration of heavy metals including Cr and Pb in commercial poultry feed samples (protein meal feed, meat and bone meal and fish meal feed) were detected by using Air/ Acetylene Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. The mean concentration of heavy metals were found in protein meal feed in a range where Cr 10.63 to 218.10 mg kg -1 and Pb 7.37 to 52.25 mg kg -1 . In meat and bone meal feed samples, Cr was recorded from 9.15 to 40.59 mg kg -1 and Pb 5.0 to 61.42 mg kg -1 . Cr was found 17.68 to 78.39 mg kg -1 and Pb 3.54to 16.44 mg kg -1 in fish meal feed samples. However, results showed that all feed samples contained chromium and lead where both metals were present at alarming levels in most of the samples. It is therefore suggested that regular detection of heavy metals especially Cr and Pb should be done to evaluate the health risks and to protect the end user from food that might harmful for their health.

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“…Milk is also a way for heavy metals to pass through the soil to humans. This path occurs in the form of soil → feed → animal body → animal blood → animal milk → people (Aftab et al., 2011; Anetta et al., 2012; Cai et al., 2009; Danish & Chan, 2016; Degnon et al., 2012; Goswami & Singh, 2003; Halim et al., 2003; Iftikhar et al., 2014; Ismail et al., 2017, 2019; Kazi et al., 2009; Pilarczyk et al., 2013; Simsek et al., 2000). The defects that occur when heavy metals are taken in large quantities are also given in Table 2.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of different heat treatment and radiation (microwave and infrared) sources on minerals and heavy metal contents of cow's milk

Güney

Gökmen

2020

J Food Process Preserv

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Milk is an animal‐origin food with high nutritional value. After the milk is obtained, its composition is affected by the tools and equipment used (such as filter, holding tank) its environment and heat treatments applied to milk. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of different heat treatments on the concentration of certain minerals and heavy metals in milk. Raw cow's milk, pasteurized milk (control, microwave, and infrared‐assisted microwave), and UHT milk samples were used in the study. Al, As, Ca, Cr, Cu, Fr, Mg, Na, Ni, P, Pb, Se, and Zn concentrations were investigated in these samples. Al and Ni concentrations of whole samples were statistically significant (p < .05). No significant differences have been found in terms of other heavy metal concentrations. Furthermore, there was no statistical difference between the pH values of the samples (p > .05). Both Al and Ni concentrations were found to be very low in infrared‐assisted microwave applications. As a result, infrared‐assisted microwave application revealed that the level of Al and Ni concentrations in milk was low. Besides, heavy metal toxicity can cause a variety of diseases in humans. Therefore, the effects of heavy metal levels below or above permitted limits in milk on human health were discussed in this study. Practical applications In our study, it was found that both Al and Ni concentrations were found to be very low in infrared‐assisted microwave applications. There was no significant difference between applications in terms of the contents of other heavy metals and minerals. For all these reasons, it was concluded that infrared‐assisted microwave application may be capable of reducing the danger of heavy metals such as Al and Ni concentrations in milk. Further research is needed on the subject.

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Assessment of Toxic Metals in Dairy Milk and Animal Feed in Peshawar, Pakistan

Cited by 30 publications

References 10 publications

Multi Element Analysis of Cow Milk: Geographical Origin Determination and Potential Health Risk Assessment

Multi Element Analysis of Cow Milk: Geographical Origin Determination and Potential Health Risk Assessment

Chromium and lead contamination in commercial poultry feeds of Bangladesh

Effects of different heat treatment and radiation (microwave and infrared) sources on minerals and heavy metal contents of cow's milk

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