Assessment of the sublethal toxicity of organochlorine pesticide endosulfan in juvenile common carp (<i>Cyprinus carpio</i>)

Salvo, Lígia Maria; Bainy, Afonso Celso Dias; Ventura, Eliana Cristina; Marques, Maria Risoleta Freire; Silva, José Roberto M. C.; Klemz, Cláudio; Assis, Helena C. Silva de

doi:10.1080/10934529.2012.687236

Cited by 26 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 29 publications

(29 reference statements)

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“…Therefore, the main focus of the present study was to assess the stress-mitigating role of dietary pyridoxine on endosulfan exposure of C. chanos. The exposure to organochlorine pesticides is linked with increased cytochrome P-450 (CYP) 1A1, a source of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and it is measured by 7-ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) activity [40,41]. Further, the activities of antioxidative enzyme (SOD and catalase) protect cells against oxygen radical damage, and the activities of phase II conjugating enzymes viz.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Pyridoxine Protects against Stress and Maintains Immunohaematological Status in Chanos chanos Exposed to Endosulfan

Kumar

Ambasankar

Krishnani

et al. 2016

Basic Clin Pharma Tox

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The amelioration effect of water-soluble vitamin pyridoxine against stress was evaluated in milkfish, Chanos chanos exposed to endosulfan. Two hundred and twenty-five fish were distributed randomly into five treatments, each with three replicates. Four isocaloric and isonitrogenous diets with graded levels of pyridoxine feed were as follows: normal water and fed with control diet (En0/PY0); endosulfan-treated water and fed with control diet (En/PY0); and endosulfan-treated water and fed with 50 (En/PY 50 mg/kg), 75 (En/PY 75 mg/kg) and 100 mg/kg (En/PY 100 mg/kg) pyridoxine-supplemented feed. The endosulfan in treated water was maintained at a level of 1/40th of LC50 (0.52 ppb). The effect of dietary pyridoxine supplementation was studied in terms of antioxidative enzymes (catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione-S-transferase), stress markers [heat-shock protein 70, caspase-3, cortisol, acetylcholine esterase (AChE), blood glucose], immunohaematological parameters (total protein, albumin, globulin and A/G ratio, nitroblue tetrazolium, RBC, WBC, Hb), gill histopathology and a subsequent challenge study with Vibrio parahaemolyticus. The antioxidative enzymes, stress markers, albumin and A/G ratio were significantly (p < 0.01) elevated, brain AChE and immunohaematological parameters were significantly (p < 0.01) decreased, and chromosome aberration and gill histopathology were also altered due to endosulfan exposure. The relative survival % was reduced due to the combined effect of endosulfan stress and bacterial challenge. Fish fed the diet supplemented with pyridoxine at 75 and 100 mg/kg was found to restore the studied parameter towards normal compared with control and indicated protection against endosulfan-induced stress significantly (p < 0.01). Results obtained in the present study indicate that the supplementation of 75 and 100 mg/kg of pyridoxine in the diet has a definitive role in the mitigation of the endosulfan-induced stress in milkfish, C. chanos fingerlings.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Pyridoxine Protects against Stress and Maintains Immunohaematological Status in Chanos chanos Exposed to Endosulfan

Kumar

Ambasankar

Krishnani

et al. 2016

Basic Clin Pharma Tox

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“…It is well established that exposure to organochlorine pesticides is associated with increased cytochrome P-450 (CYP) 1A1, a source of reactive oxygen species (ROS), as measured by EROD activity [60], [61]. Further, anti-oxidative enzyme (superoxide dismutase and catalase) activities, which protect cells against oxygen radical damage, and activities of phase II conjugating enzymes like GST (which helps in conjugation of products of phase I xenobiotic metabolism) also increase under pesticide stress [60], [61], as was also observed in this experiment and our earlier work [22].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Further, anti-oxidative enzyme (superoxide dismutase and catalase) activities, which protect cells against oxygen radical damage, and activities of phase II conjugating enzymes like GST (which helps in conjugation of products of phase I xenobiotic metabolism) also increase under pesticide stress [60], [61], as was also observed in this experiment and our earlier work [22]. Similarly, the activity of S-adenosyl methionine- (SAM) dependent methyl transferases (MTases) was also increased due to endosulfan exposure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lipotropes Protect against Pathogen-Aggravated Stress and Mortality in Low Dose Pesticide-Exposed Fish

Kumar

Gupta²,

Chandan³

et al. 2014

PLoS ONE

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The decline of freshwater fish biodiversity corroborates the trends of unsustainable pesticide usage and increase of disease incidence in the last few decades. Little is known about the role of nonlethal exposure to pesticide, which is not uncommon, and concurrent infection of opportunistic pathogens in species decline. Moreover, preventative measures based on current knowledge of stress biology and an emerging role for epigenetic (especially methylation) dysregulation in toxicity in fish are lacking. We herein report the protective role of lipotropes/methyl donors (like choline, betaine and lecithin) in eliciting primary (endocrine), secondary (cellular and hemato-immunological and histoarchitectural changes) and tertiary (whole animal) stress responses including mortality (50%) in pesticide-exposed (nonlethal dose) and pathogen-challenged fish. The relative survival with betaine and lecithin was 10 and 20 percent higher. This proof of cause-and-effect relation and physiological basis under simulated controlled conditions indicate that sustained stress even due to nonlethal exposure to single pollutant enhances pathogenic infectivity in already nutritionally-stressed fish, which may be a driver for freshwater aquatic species decline in nature. Dietary lipotropes can be used as one of the tools in resurrecting the aquatic species decline.

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“…; Salvo et al . ) and fish exposed to the sublethal concentration of endosulfan for 15 days (El‐Demerdasha et al . ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposure to the insecticide endosulfan induces liver morphology alterations and oxidative stress in fruit‐eating bats (Artibeus lituratus)

Oliveira

Brinati

Miranda

et al. 2017

Int J Experimental Path

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Exposure to pesticides may increase the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to oxidation of cell membrane lipids and proteins. Although fruit bats are potentially exposed to pesticides during their entire lifespan, the impacts of this exposure are still poorly investigated. We examined the effects of low, commercially recommended concentrations (0, 1.05 and 2.1 g/l) of an organochlorine insecticide endosulfan (EDS) formulation on oxidative responses in the liver and kidneys of Neotropical fruit bats (Artibeus lituratus), as well as possible liver morphological alterations following a 35-day oral exposure. Superoxide dismutase activity was significantly decreased upon exposure to 1.05 g/l of EDS in the liver and kidneys, catalase was decreased in the liver of 2.1 g/l EDS-exposed bats, while glutathione S-transferase was increased in the liver of 2.1 g/l EDS-exposed bats. Protein carbonyls increased following the exposure to the highest EDS dose tested. Endosulfan-induced morphological alterations in the liver included cell degeneration and cell death, with apparent cytoplasm lipid accumulation (steatosis) and pyknotic nuclei, karyolysis and deposit of collagen fibres. Our findings suggest that exposure to low concentrations of EDS induced a certain extent of oxidative damage in fruit bats, which may have led to liver morphological alterations.

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Assessment of the sublethal toxicity of organochlorine pesticide endosulfan in juvenile common carp (Cyprinus carpio)

Cited by 26 publications

References 29 publications

Dietary Pyridoxine Protects against Stress and Maintains Immunohaematological Status in Chanos chanos Exposed to Endosulfan

Dietary Pyridoxine Protects against Stress and Maintains Immunohaematological Status in Chanos chanos Exposed to Endosulfan

Lipotropes Protect against Pathogen-Aggravated Stress and Mortality in Low Dose Pesticide-Exposed Fish

Exposure to the insecticide endosulfan induces liver morphology alterations and oxidative stress in fruit‐eating bats (Artibeus lituratus)

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