Assessment of the Role of the Glucocorticoid System in Aging Processes and in the Action of Food Restriction

Sabatino, Fabiana Di; Ej, Masoro; McMahan, C. Alex; Kuhn, Robert W.

doi:10.1093/geronj/46.5.b171

Cited by 226 publications

(116 citation statements)

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“…Most studies on FR have shown that a reduction in the caloric intake is accompanied by an increase in the serum levels of corticosterone [10][11][12][13] , a body homeostatic response to the need for enhanced glicogenolysis. In FR rats, we observed almost a 100% increase in the blood content of corticosterone.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Restriction of caloric intake has been associated with an increase in the peak concentration of plasma corticosterone [10][11][12][13] . Moreover, it has been suggested that stress-induced elevations in glucocorticoid levels modulate hippocampal plasticity according to an inverted U-shaped function, with a moderate amount of circulating glucocorticoid-facilitating LTP expression, whereas higher glucocorticoid concentration impairing synaptic plasticity 40 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Food restriction enhances visual cortex plasticity in adulthood

Spolidoro¹,

Baroncelli²,

Putignano

et al. 2011

Nat Commun

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neural circuits display a heightened sensitivity to external stimuli during well-established windows in early postnatal life. After the end of these critical periods, brain plasticity dramatically wanes. The visual system is one of the paradigmatic models for studying experiencedependent plasticity. Here we show that food restriction can be used as a strategy to restore plasticity in the adult visual cortex of rats. A short period of food restriction in adulthood is able both to reinstate ocular dominance plasticity and promote recovery from amblyopia. These effects are accompanied by a reduction of intracortical inhibition without modulation of brainderived neurotrophic factor expression or extracellular matrix structure. our results suggest that food restriction could be investigated as a potential way of modulating plasticity.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Food restriction enhances visual cortex plasticity in adulthood

Spolidoro¹,

Baroncelli²,

Putignano

et al. 2011

Nat Commun

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show abstract

“…However, differences in GH response and also in the degree of reduction in circulating IGF-I, IGFBP-3, insulin and in the increase of IGFBP-1 and insulin-sensitivity are evitable (Bartke and Turyn 2001;Bonkowski et al, 2009;Breese et al, 1991;Buschemeyer et al, 2010;Dunn et al, 1997;Escriva et al, 2007;Frystyk et al, 1999;Heijboer et al, 2005;Lee et al, 2010;Shimokawa et al, 2003;Wang et al, 2006;Zhao et al, 2010). Corticosteroids tend to increase more following fasting compared with DR (Sabatino et al, 1991;Shen et al, 2009); body temperature showed a steeper decrease following fasting compared with DR (Koizumi et al, 1992;Longo and Finch 2003a;Shen et al, 2009). Fertility was decreased dramatically by fasting for 48-h and reached zero level when done on the 4th day of the estrous cycle (McClure 1959).…”

Section: Starvation and Stress Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

Fasting vs dietary restriction in cellular protection and cancer treatment: from model organisms to patients

2011

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“…However, others have found that POMC is reduced after a period of CR (9,49). Although circulating corticosterone (CORT) levels are often increased after CR (27,33,47,64), earlier components of the hypothalmic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA) axis are often unaffected, such as ACTH, which is synthesized from POMC (1). This highlights that HPA axis alterations after CR have yet to be fully understood.…”

Section: Cr Sickness Behavior and A Potential Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calorie restriction attenuates LPS-induced sickness behavior and shifts hypothalamic signaling pathways to an anti-inflammatory bias

MacDonald

Radler

Paolini

et al. 2011

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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MacDonald L, Radler M, Paolini AG, Kent S. Calorie restriction attenuates LPS-induced sickness behavior and shifts hypothalamic signaling pathways to an anti-inflammatory bias. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 301: R172-R184, 2011. First published April 27, 2011 doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00057.2011 has been demonstrated to alter cytokine levels; however, its potential to modify sickness behavior (fever, anorexia, cachexia) has not. The effect of CR on sickness behavior was examined in male C57BL/6J mice fed ad libitum or restricted 25% (CR25%) or restricted 50% (CR50%) in food intake for 28 days and injected with 50 g/kg of LPS on day 29. Changes in body temperature, locomotor activity, body weight, and food intake were determined. A separate cohort of mice were fed ad libitum or CR50% for 28 days, and hypothalamic mRNA expression of inhibitory factor B-␣ (I B-␣), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), prostaglandin E 2 (PGE2), suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3), IL-10, neuropeptide Y (NPY), leptin, proopiomelanocortin (POMC), and corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH) were determined at 0, 2, and 4 h post-LPS. CR50% mice did not develop fevers, whereas the CR25% mice displayed a fever shorter in duration but with the same peak as the controls. Both CR25% and CR50% mice showed no sign of anorexia and reduced cachexia after LPS administration. Hypothalamic mRNA expression of NPY and CRH were both increased by severalfold in CR50% animals preinjection compared with controls. The CR50% mice did not demonstrate the expected rise in hypothalamic mRNA expression of COX-2, microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1, POMC, or CRH 2 h post-LPS, and leptin expression was decreased at this time point. Increases in SOCS3, IL-10, and I B-␣ expression in CR50% animals were enhanced compared with ad libitum-fed controls at 4 h post-LPS. CR results in a suppression of sickness behavior in a dose-dependent manner, which may be due to CR attenuating proinflammatory pathways and enhancing anti-inflammatory pathways. fever; suppressor of cytokine signaling 3; cyclooxygenase-2; microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1; leptin CALORIE RESTRICTION (CR), a dietary regimen low in calories, while avoiding malnutrition, is the only manipulation that has consistently been shown to extend the mean and maximum life span in a range of species (2,42,71,76). In addition to an increase in life span, CR attenuates the normal immunosenscence seen with age (52), along with reducing the occurrence of other age-related diseases (14,39,43,53,54,79).It has been postulated that the mechanism by which CR extends the mean and maximum life span is by reducing oxidative stress caused by unregulated increases in reactive oxygen species (3,19,31,42,69), as well as by limiting the age-related increase in basal pro-inflammatory cytokine levels (73). One possible mechanism by which CR exerts its antiinflammatory effect are glucocorticoids, which are increased after CR (33, 47) and act to increase the transcription of anti-inflammatory cytokines and decrease the transcripti...

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Assessment of the Role of the Glucocorticoid System in Aging Processes and in the Action of Food Restriction

Cited by 226 publications

References 0 publications

Food restriction enhances visual cortex plasticity in adulthood

Food restriction enhances visual cortex plasticity in adulthood

Fasting vs dietary restriction in cellular protection and cancer treatment: from model organisms to patients

Calorie restriction attenuates LPS-induced sickness behavior and shifts hypothalamic signaling pathways to an anti-inflammatory bias

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