Assessment of the permissible exposure level to manganese in workers exposed to manganese dioxide dust.

Roels, Harry; Ghyselen, Patrick; Buchet, Jean‐Pierre; Ceulemans, E.; Lauwerys, Robert

doi:10.1136/oem.49.1.25

Cited by 145 publications

(219 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Since then, neurotoxic effects have been reported in workers from a variety of occupations at risk for elevated exposures, such as miners, welders, and battery and ferroalloy industries workers (Rodier 1955;Huang et al 1989Huang et al , 1993Roels et al 1992;Racette et al 2005a). While the existence of neurological risks associated with occupational exposures is well established, potential long term human health consequences from environmental low-level chronic manganese exposure are not known.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adequacy and Consistency of Animal Studies to Evaluate the Neurotoxicity of Chronic Low-Level Manganese Exposure in Humans

Gwiazda

Lucchini

Smith

2007

Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A

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The adequacy of existing animal studies to understand the effects of chronic low-level manganese exposures in humans is unclear. Here, a collection of subchronic to chronic rodent and non-human primate studies was evaluated to determine whether there is a consistent dose -response relationship among studies, whether there is a progression of effects with increasing dose, and whether these studies are adequate for evaluating the neurotoxicity of chronic low-level manganese exposures in humans. Neurochemical and behavioral effects were compared along the axis of estimated internal cumulative manganese dose, independent of the route of exposure. In rodents, motor effects emerged at cumulative doses below those where occupationally exposed humans start to show motor deficits. The main neurochemical effects in rodents were an increase in striatal GABA concentration throughout the internal cumulative dose range of 18 to 5300 mg Mn/Kg but a variable effect on striatal dopamine concentration emerging at internal cumulative doses above ~200 mg Mn/Kg. Monkey studies showed motor deficits and effects on the globus pallidus at relatively low doses and consistent harmful effects on both the globus pallidus and the caudate and putamen at higher doses (> 260 mg Mn/Kg). Internal cumulative manganese doses of animal studies extend more than two orders of magnitude (<1 to 5300 mg Mn/Kg) above the doses at which occupationally exposed humans show neurological dysfunction (10-15 mg Mn/Kg). Since the animal data indicate that manganese neurotoxicity may be different at low compared to elevated exposures, most existing animal model studies might be of 3 limited relevance for the risk assessment of chronic low-level manganese exposure to humans. 4

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adequacy and Consistency of Animal Studies to Evaluate the Neurotoxicity of Chronic Low-Level Manganese Exposure in Humans

Gwiazda

Lucchini

Smith

2007

Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A

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“…In addition, a study of Canadian workers by Mergler et al (48) indicated that compared to matched controls, performances on tests of rapid alternating hand movements, hand steadiness, and other aspects of fine motor control were significantly worse in workers who had been exposed to even lower concentrations of respirable Mn dust than those measured by Roels et al (45) (47).…”

Section: Concentration For Manganesementioning

confidence: 99%

“…After the U.S. EPA issued the RfC for Mn in 1993 (47), the Ethyl Corporation requested that the U.S. EPA consider alternative approaches to analyzing the data of Roels et al (45) and including supplementary data provided by Roels (52 (61).…”

Section: Concentration For Manganesementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The 1993 RfC for Mn (47) was based primarily on a study of Mn-exposed alkaline-battery plant workers in Belgium by Roels et al (45). This cross-sectional study evaluated neurobehavioral and other end points in 92 male workers exposed to Mn dioxide (MnO2) dust, compared to a matched control group of 101 male workers without industrial Mn exposure.…”

Section: Concentration For Manganesementioning

confidence: 99%

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Methylcyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl: health risk uncertainties and research directions.

Davis

1998

Environ Health Perspect

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With the way cleared for increased use of the fuel additive methylcyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl (MMT) in the United States, the issue of possible public health impacts associated with this additive has gained greater attention. In assessing potential health risks of particulate Mn emitted from the combustion of MMT in gasoline, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency not only considered the qualitative types of toxic effects associated with inhaled Mn, but conducted extensive exposure-response analyses using various statistical approaches and also estimated population exposure distributions of particulate Mn based on data from an exposure study conducted in California when MMT was used in leaded gasoline. Because of limitations in available data and the need to make several assumptions and extrapolations, the resulting risk characterization had inherent uncertainties that made it impossible to estimate health risks in a definitive or quantitative manner. To support an improved health risk characterization, further investigation is needed in the areas of health effects, emission characterization, and exposure analysis. Environ Health Perspect 1 06(Suppl 1): 191-201 (1998). http.//ehpnet1.niehs.nih.gov/ docs/1998/Suppl-1/191-201Jdavis/abstract.html

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“…21,22 Persons exposed to high levels of Mn in drinking water have also developed symptoms, as have babies and other persons receiving Mn parenterally on a long-term basis. 23 Based on a study of 92 Belgian factory workers exposed to airborne PM 5 Mn (geometric mean 215 µg/m 3 ) for an average of 5.3 years, 24 the EPA 3 developed a recommended range of No Observed Adverse Effects Levels (NOAELs) of 0.09-0.2 µg/m 3 . This is similar to the level of 0.11 µg/m 3 developed in a Canadian government draft document.…”

Section: Summary Statisticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ambient Air Concentrations of Fine (PM₂₅) Manganese in U.S. National Parks and in California and Canadian Cities: The Possible Impact of Adding MMT to Unleaded Gasoline

Wallace

Slonecker

1997

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

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Assessment of the permissible exposure level to manganese in workers exposed to manganese dioxide dust.

Cited by 145 publications

References 10 publications

Adequacy and Consistency of Animal Studies to Evaluate the Neurotoxicity of Chronic Low-Level Manganese Exposure in Humans

Adequacy and Consistency of Animal Studies to Evaluate the Neurotoxicity of Chronic Low-Level Manganese Exposure in Humans

Methylcyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl: health risk uncertainties and research directions.

Ambient Air Concentrations of Fine (PM₂₅) Manganese in U.S. National Parks and in California and Canadian Cities: The Possible Impact of Adding MMT to Unleaded Gasoline

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Assessment of the permissible exposure level to manganese in workers exposed to manganese dioxide dust.

Cited by 145 publications

References 10 publications

Adequacy and Consistency of Animal Studies to Evaluate the Neurotoxicity of Chronic Low-Level Manganese Exposure in Humans

Adequacy and Consistency of Animal Studies to Evaluate the Neurotoxicity of Chronic Low-Level Manganese Exposure in Humans

Methylcyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl: health risk uncertainties and research directions.

Ambient Air Concentrations of Fine (PM25) Manganese in U.S. National Parks and in California and Canadian Cities: The Possible Impact of Adding MMT to Unleaded Gasoline

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Ambient Air Concentrations of Fine (PM₂₅) Manganese in U.S. National Parks and in California and Canadian Cities: The Possible Impact of Adding MMT to Unleaded Gasoline