Assessment of the molluscicidal activity of the methanolic seed extracts ofZiziphus spina‐christiandCarica papayaon immunological and molecular aspects ofBiomphalaria alexandrinasnails

Abstract

Medicinal plants are still less expensive, safe to non‐target organisms, and eco‐friendly. The present work aims to evaluate the molluscicidal activity of the methanolic extract of Ziziphus spina‐christi and Carica papaya seeds against Biomphalaria alexandrina snails. The half lethal concentrations (LC50) of Z. spina‐christi and C. papaya were 108 and 138.5 mg/L, respectively after 24 h. LC10 of C. papaya created a pronounced induction in catalase (CAT) activity, while LC25 of Z. spina‐christi and LC50 of C. papaya induced an inhibition in superoxide dismutase (SOD) level in treated snails. LC25 of Z. spina‐christi caused the highest induction in total antioxidant capacity (TAC). Phagocytic indices values were the lowest in snails exposed to LC50 of both Z. spina‐christi and C. papaya. Considerable changes in DNA patterns were observed in all treated groups by RAPD‐PCR using six primers. The similarity indices of snails exposed to Z. spina‐christi were higher than those exposed to C. papaya. Results showed no mortality in Daphnia magna individuals during the first 12 h of the experiment, while the extract of C. papaya seeds was more toxic on D. magna than Z. spina‐christi after 24 h of the exposure.

Molluscicidal, histopathological and genotoxic effects of Scenedesmus obliquus and Spirulina platensis extracts and their biosynthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles on Biomphalaria alexandrina snails

“…The current work demonstrated that exposure of snails to the two algal extracts resulted in a change in the number of DNA bands as compared to control, and this indicated the genotoxic effect of the treatments. Ibrahim and Sayed (2021) also observed a difference in the DNA pattern of B . alexandrina snails treated with Carica papaya and Ziziphus spina ‐ christi seed extracts.…”

“…Many researchers who have explored substances either from the biological or chemical origin as molluscicides have been interested in studying their effects on non‐target organisms (Ibrahim & Sayed, 2021; Saad et al, 2016; Santos et al, 2014; Silva & Pereira, 2019). This represents an important step to verify that the molluscicidal agent is environmentally friendly.…”

Metabolomic Profiling, Antibacterial, and Molluscicidal Properties of the Medicinal Plants Calotropis procera and Atriplex halimus: In Silico Molecular Docking Study

“…Schistosoma mansoni is a parasitic trematode species that inhabits several African and South American countries and is regarded as the species that causes schistosomiasis. The intermediate host of this parasite is a freshwater snail, Biomphalaria alexandrina (phylum Mollusca, class Gastropoda) [ 2 ]. Snails have risen to prominence in both the medical and economic fields as a result of their participation in the spread of diseases that afflict a wide variety of animals [ 3 ].…”

Myco-Synthesized Molluscicidal and Larvicidal Selenium Nanoparticles: A New Strategy to Control Biomphalaria alexandrina Snails and Larvae of Schistosoma mansoni with an In Silico Study on Induced Oxidative Stress

“…Schistosomiasis is a serious illness that has impacted the lives of people and animals around the world [ 1 ]. Schistosoma mansoni is a widely distributed parasitic species in many regions in Africa, the Middle East, and South America, where the intermediate host, a freshwater snail named Biomphalaria (phylum Mollusca, class Gastropoda), is located [ 2 ]. Snails have great medical, veterinary, and economic importance as they are the causative agent in transmitting diseases that affect many animals [ 3 ].…”