Assessment of the micronucleus assay as a biological dosimeter using cytokinesis-blocked lymphocytes from cancer patients receiving fractionated partial body-radiotherapy

Roux, Jacques Le; Slabbert, J.P.; Smit, Ben; Blekkenhorst, G.

doi:10.1007/bf03038479

Cited by 14 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…cervical cancer, prostate cancer or Hodgkin's disease. The doses estimated by MN analysis agree quite well with averaged whole body doses calculated from the radiation treatment plans (8,(42)(43)(44)(45). Studies performed in thyroid cancer patients undergoing radioiodine treatment further demonstrated that the CBMN assay is sensitive enough to detect low average whole-body doses from internal exposure scenarios (16,23,46).…”

Section: Applications Of the Cbmn Assay For Biological Dosimetrysupporting

confidence: 58%

The micronucleus assay as a biological dosimeter of in vivo ionising radiation exposure

Vral

Fenech

Thierens³

2010

Mutagenesis

218

133

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Biological dosimetry, based on the analysis of micronuclei (MN) in the cytokinesis-block micronucleus (CBMN) assay can be used as an alternative method for scoring dicentric chromosomes in the field of radiation protection. Biological dosimetry or Biodosimetry, is mainly performed, in addition to physical dosimetry, with the aim of individual dose assessment. Many studies have shown that the number of radiation-induced MN is strongly correlated with dose and quality of radiation. The CBMN assay has become, in the last years, a thoroughly validated and standardised technique to evaluate in vivo radiation exposure of occupational, medical and accidentally exposed individuals. Compared to the gold standard, the dicentric assay, the CBMN assay has the important advantage of allowing economical, easy and quick analysis. The main disadvantage of the CBMN assay is related to the variable micronucleus (MN) background frequency, by which only in vivo exposures in excess of 0.2-0.3 Gy X-rays can be detected. In the last years, several improvements have been achieved, with the ultimate goals (i) of further increasing the sensitivity of the CBMN assay for low-dose detection by combining the assay with a fluorescence in situ hybridisation centromere staining technique, (ii) of increasing the specificity of the test for radiation by scoring nucleoplasmic bridges in binucleated cells and (iii) of making the assay optimally suitable for rapid automated analysis of a large number of samples, viz. in case of a large-scale radiation accident. The development of a combined automated MN-centromere scoring procedure remains a challenge for the future, as it will allow systematic biomonitoring of radiation workers exposed to low-dose radiation.

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Section: Applications Of the Cbmn Assay For Biological Dosimetrysupporting

confidence: 58%

The micronucleus assay as a biological dosimeter of in vivo ionising radiation exposure

Vral

Fenech

Thierens³

2010

Mutagenesis

218

133

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“…There have been many studies showing the utility of the technique in biological dosimetry [3,10,12,16,17,25]. Studies that were performed with radiotherapy patients have also confirmed that MN technique is reliable and conveinent technique in estimating equivalent whole body dose that patient receives during fractional treatment [9,11,26,27,28].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Micronucleus may represent acentric chromosome fragment or a whole chromosome that may be lost during segregation [10]. Micronuclei formation in human peripheral lymphocytes has been shown by the investigators to be a good representative of radiation damage [10,11,12,13]. In this study, MN technique was applied to peripheral blood lymphocytes of the radiotherapy patients having pelvic site tumors in order to verify the correct delivery of the prescribed tumor dose and treatment set-up during their fractionated treatment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Verification of Treatment Protocol in Fractionated Radiotherapy by Biological Dosimetry

Öner¹,

Orta²,

Kolusayin³

et al. 2011

J Nucl Med Radiat Ther

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In radiation therapy of cancer, any possible mistakes that may occur in prescribed tumour dose calculation and/ or in treatment set up could also be checked by the biological dosimetry. In order to verify this, 20 patients having pelvic area tumours with no prescribed chemotherapy were selected. Their peripheral blood samples were collected before starting fractionated radiotherapy and at some definite time during treatment. Equivalent whole body doses (EWBD) were calculated from patient's weights, irradiated volumes and total tumor doses given until the date of blood sample collection during treatment. Each patient's EWBD was given in vitro to blood samples that were collected before starting radiotherapy. Radiation induced chromosome damage in lymphocytes were measured by micronucleus (MN) induction.

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“…During this period, both of these institutions made significant international research contributions to the radiobiology of photons (X-rays and gamma rays) and published notable studies in areas such as dose-modifying drugs, 26,27 repair, 28,29 the oxygen effect, 30,31,32,33,34,35 metabolic modulation, 36 damage response 37,38,39 and biological dosimetry. 40 Regrettably, after 2000, the cutting of posts and poor prospects for graduates resulted in a sharp decline in radiobiology studies. The three once-thriving laboratories at Groote Schuur Hospital, Tygerberg Hospital and iThemba LABS continue with a much reduced capacity of only five remaining staff members.…”

Section: The Importance Of Developing Scientific Competence In Radiob...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiation biology – An important science for an advanced nuclear nation like South Africa

Hunter

2012

S Afr J Sci

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The sustainability of radiation biology (radiobiology) is under threat in South Africa because of underdevelopment in the discipline, despite the fact that South Africa has been a user of radiation since radioactivity and X-rays were discovered. The widespread use of radiation in medicine, nuclear reactors, particle accelerators and other sophisticated nuclear facilities in South Africa makes it imperative that the interaction of radiation with biological systems is understood. For example, radiobiology is critical in radiation oncology and cancer treatment. Radiobiology is a distinctly biological science and its uniqueness and value should be highlighted to provide insight for authorities and other relevant parties. Regrettably, radiobiology has been largely neglected despite the importance of maintaining expertise and competence in this discipline. Many radiation-associated disciplines require radiobiology for their training and practice yet few radiobiologists are available nationally. The scientific community needs to be informed of the predicament of radiobiology in South Africa so that the situation can be addressed. Radiobiology is a scarce skill that needs to be developed to support South Africa's mature radiation infrastructure. The country has too few radiobiologist training programmes and there is a lack of succession planning. Radiobiology is required for training and practice in a number of disciplines that use radiation, but, as a result of a shortage of qualified personnel, teaching of radiobiology has frequently been conducted by non-experts. To reinvigorate radiobiology in South Africa, a collective effort by government, academia, industry and allied professionals is required.

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Assessment of the micronucleus assay as a biological dosimeter using cytokinesis-blocked lymphocytes from cancer patients receiving fractionated partial body-radiotherapy

Cited by 14 publications

References 17 publications

The micronucleus assay as a biological dosimeter of in vivo ionising radiation exposure

The micronucleus assay as a biological dosimeter of in vivo ionising radiation exposure

A Verification of Treatment Protocol in Fractionated Radiotherapy by Biological Dosimetry

Radiation biology – An important science for an advanced nuclear nation like South Africa

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