Assessment of the Impact Produced by the Traffic Source on VOC Level in the Urban Area of Canosa di Puglia (Italy)

Bruno, P.; Caselli, M.; Gennaro, Gianluigi de; Scolletta, Lucia; Trizio, Livia; Tutino, Maria

doi:10.1007/s11270-008-9666-3

Cited by 30 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Therefore, ambient T/B ratios that are significantly lower than vehicular emission ratios are expected to have travelled and degraded, whereas higher T/B ratios may reflect relatively fresh vehicular emission sources. In the present study, annual values of T/B ratio in Modugno (2.1) were nearly similar to those found in urban areas of many Apulian cities such as in Bari (2.0) and Canosa di Puglia (3.4) (see Table 3) [29, 30]. …”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 86%

Assessment of Impacts Produced by Anthropogenic Sources in a Little City near an Important Industrial Area (Modugno, Southern Italy)

Amodio

Gennaro

Marzocca

et al. 2013

The Scientific World Journal

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An annual monitoring campaign of VOCs, consisting of twelve sampling periods, was carried out from June 2008 to June 2009 in Modugno, a city located in the Apulia region (Southern Italy), in order to assess the urban air quality, identify the main emission sources, and quantify the cancer and no-cancer risk attributable to inhalation exposures. Monitoring, carried out by using the Radiello diffusive samplers, was conducted in eleven sampling sites throughout the city taking into account the traffic density and the architecture of the city. From the study of the data, it was found that, among all considered VOCs, benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes (BTEX) are the pollutants at higher concentration. The analysis of VOC concentrations, the study of the topography of the city, and the use of different diagnostic ratios between the BTEX species showed that the vehicular traffic emissions were the predominant source of VOCs in the urban area of Modugno. Despite that the annual concentration of benzene is lower than the regulatory limit, the estimation of cancer risk showed that the global lifetime cancer risk attributed to the investigated VOC exposure was not negligible and therefore should be taken into account in future regulatory approaches.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 86%

Assessment of Impacts Produced by Anthropogenic Sources in a Little City near an Important Industrial Area (Modugno, Southern Italy)

Amodio

Gennaro

Marzocca

et al. 2013

The Scientific World Journal

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“…Vehicular exhaust is one of the most important anthropogenic sources of air pollution in the ambient urban atmosphere (Bruno et al, 2008; Kalenge et al, 2013; Saxena and Ghosh, 2012; Yurdakul et al, 2013), a major constituent of which includes volatile organic compounds (VOCs) (Bruno et al, 2008; Esteve-Turrillas et al, 2007; Han et al, 2005; Jiang et al, 2017; Kim et al, 2012; Lau and Chan, 2003; Neghab et al, 2017; Özden et al, 2008; Parra et al, 2008a; Qiu et al, 2016). An important class of VOCs is the suite of BTEX (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, m/pxylene, and o-xylene) species, which have been the focus of many toxicological studies (Fazlzadeh Davil et al, 2011; Halliday, 2016; Hazrati et al, 2016a, 2015; Marć et al, 2016; Rad et al, 2014; Sairat et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Their sources, including in this work’s study region, include vehicular exhaust, gas stations, industrial activity, landfill sites, municipal solid waste (MSW) stations, and combustion for domestic heating (Bruno et al, 2008; Carrieri et al, 2006; Chiriac et al, 2007, 2011; Correa et al, 2012; Durmusoglu et al, 2010; Jiang et al, 2017; Kim et al, 2008; Kountouriotis et al, 2014; Marć et al, 2016; Sairat et al, 2015; Terrés et al, 2010; Wu et al, 2006; Xiong et al, 2016). Past work has shown that more than 45% of total VOC emissions, such as for benzene and toluene, in Mexico City, the United Kingdom, and Los Angeles stemmed from gas stations, evaporation of petrol, and motor vehicle emissions (Correa et al, 2012; Durmusoglu et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics and health effects of BTEX in a hot spot for urban pollution

Dehghani

Fazlzadeh

Sorooshian

et al. 2018

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety

188

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This study reports a spatiotemporal characterization of toluene, benzene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes concentrations (BTEX) in an urban hot spot in Iran, specifically at an bus terminal region in Shiraz. Sampling was carried out according to NIOSH Compendium Method 1501. The inverse distance weighting (IDW) method was applied for spatial mapping. The Monte Carlo simulation technique was applied to evaluate carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk owing to BTEX exposure. The highest average BTEX concentrations were observed for benzene in the morning (at 7:00–9:00A.M. local time) (26.15±17.65μg/m3) and evening (at 6:00–8:00P.M. local time) (34.44±15.63μg/m3). The benzene to toluene ratios in the morning and evening were 2.02 and 3.07, respectively. The main sources of BTEX were gas stations and a municipal solid waste transfer station. The inhalation lifetime cancer risk (LTCR) for benzene in the morning and evening were 1.96×10−4 and 2.49×10−4, respectively, which exceeds the recommended value by US EPA and WHO. The hazard quotient (HQ) of all these pollutants was less than 1. The results of this work have implications for public health near ‘hot spots’ such as IKBT where large populations are exposed to carcinogenic emissions.

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“…Non-cancer reference concentrations of VOCs detected in this study were extracted from the database provided by the IRIS and the Provisional Peer Reviewed Toxicity Values for Superfund (PPRTV) [36,37,38] (see Table 3). …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indoor and Outdoor Monitoring of Volatile Organic Compounds in School Buildings: Indicators Based on Health Risk Assessment to Single out Critical Issues

Gennaro

Farella

Marzocca

et al. 2013

IJERPH

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103

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Children are more sensitive to pollutants than adults and yet they spend large amounts of time in school environments where they are exposed to unknown levels of indoor pollutants. This study investigated the concentrations of the most abundant volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in eight naturally ventilated school buildings in Italy. The schools were chosen to include areas with different urbanization and traffic density characteristics in order to gather a more diverse picture of exposure risks in the different areas of the city. VOCs were sampled for one week in the presence/absence of pupils using diffusive samplers suitable for thermal desorption inside three classrooms at each school. The samples were then analyzed with thermal desorption-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (TD-GC-MS). In addition, outdoor measurements were carried out in the yard at each school. VOC identification and quantification, and indoor/outdoor concentration plots were used to identify pollutant sources. While some classrooms were found to have very low VOC levels, others had a significant indoor contribution or a prevalent outdoor contribution. High concentrations of terpenes were found in all monitored classrooms: α-pinene and limonene were in the range of 6.55–34.18 µg/m3 and 11.11–25.42 µg/m3 respectively. Outdoor concentrations were lower than indoors for each monitored school. Indicators based on health risk assessment for chronic health effects associated with VOCs (either carcinogenic or non-carcinogenic) were proposed to rank sites according to their hazard level.

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Assessment of the Impact Produced by the Traffic Source on VOC Level in the Urban Area of Canosa di Puglia (Italy)

Abstract: Volatile organic compounds (

Cited by 30 publications

References 30 publications

Assessment of Impacts Produced by Anthropogenic Sources in a Little City near an Important Industrial Area (Modugno, Southern Italy)

Assessment of Impacts Produced by Anthropogenic Sources in a Little City near an Important Industrial Area (Modugno, Southern Italy)

Characteristics and health effects of BTEX in a hot spot for urban pollution

Indoor and Outdoor Monitoring of Volatile Organic Compounds in School Buildings: Indicators Based on Health Risk Assessment to Single out Critical Issues

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