Assessment of the Effect of Biological Growth-Regulating Preparations on the Yield of Agricultural Crops under the Conditions of Steppe Zone

Abstract

Increasing the production of high-quality agricultural products with minimal negative impact on environmental components is one of the priority tasks of modern agriculture. Due to the global world trends aimed at ensuring a sustainable and safe economy and reducing the use of chemical protection agents, it is predicted that the share of alternative biological methods in the European agricultural sector will increase to 10%, the area of agricultural land for organic farming will increase by 50%. Under the conditions of intensification of agricultural production, a comprehensive approach to the use of microelements and microbial biological preparations, which enhance growth processes, anti-stress, protective effect and increase the yield of agricultural crops, becomes expedient. The article deals with the effects of biological growth-regulating preparations on winter wheat, sunflower hybrids, and vegetable peas. It was established that when processing winter wheat with the "Grainactive-C" preparation, the greatest increase in grain yield was observed under the conditions of 3-fold treatment of crops in the phase of tillering, flag leaf, and grain filling (3.2 t/ha, or 18%). At the same time, the greatest effect was recorded when treating crops in the tillering phase, where the yield increase was 2.9 c/ha, or +16% compared to the control. It has been studied that the effectiveness of the preparation "Nano-Agro" when applied to sunflower hybrids also depends on the time of its application. The same increase -0.9 t/ha of seeds (+12% compared to the control) was observed during pre-sowing treatment of seeds and during the vegetation phase (before flowering), but the yield increase when treating sunflower after flowering phase was only 0.32 t/ha (4%). In order to restore disturbed soils and increase the efficiency of agricultural production, the introduction of leguminous crops into the crop rotation becomes important, after harvesting them up to 80 kg/ha of biological nitrogen remains and humus accumulates in the arable layer of the soil up to 10.8 t/ha. Treatment of vegetable peas seeds with Rhizohumin contributed to the accumulation of humus by 3.96 t/ha. Through field studies, the article proves the positive effect of growthregulating preparations on agricultural crops under the conditions of the Steppe zone of Ukraine.

Influence of the Studied Factors on the Yield, Structure and Quality Indicators of Vegetable Peas under the Conditions the South of Ukraine

“…This crop rotation considers the specialization of the farm, all crops are placed after the optimal predecessors (Skok et al, 2023). The farm has its own canning shop, where a line for the production of canned peas from vegetable peas -TM "Green Peas" -has been preserved.…”

The Impact of Pre-Crops on the Formation of Water Balance in Winter Wheat Agrocenosis and Soil Moisture in the Steppe Zone

“…The Impact of Pre-Crops on the Formation of Water Balance in Winter Wheat Agrocenosis and Soil Moisture in the Steppe Zone Vitalii Pichura 1 , Larysa Potravka 1 , Yevhenii Domaratskiy 2* , Nataliia Nikonchuk 2 , Mykola Samoilenko 2 aimed at improving their productivity (Bruns, 2012;Siddique et al, 2021) that has become a cause of increasing genetic homogeneity and similarity of agricultural landscapes (Hufnagel et al, 2020;Sehgal et al, 2023). It was established (USDA-ERS… 2012; Skok et al, 2023) that application of balanced systems of crop rotations involving rotation of crops with high and low levels of residues in one field is an important method for coping with such problems. Crop rotations including legume crops contribute to an increase in productivity of a subsequent crop, maintaining nitrogen balance due to its fixation in soil (Claassen et al, 2018).…”

Economic Efficiency of Applying Biological Growth Regulators for Growing Sunflower in the Zone of Steppe Soils

“…Climate change is a determinant of the development of the agricultural sector of Ukraine's economy since it affects the volume and structure of agricultural production costs [1][2][3][4]. Therefore, agricultural crop varieties and hybrids adapted to climate change with advanced cultivation technologies become topical [5][6][7]. The research found that, under conditions of an increase in the air temperature, the Western and the Central Forest Steppes, Right-bank Ukraine, and Donetsk sub-zone of the Northern Steppe of Ukraine will be favorable areas for growing sunflowers [8].…”