Assessment of the accuracy of portable monitors for halitosis evaluation in subjects without malodor complaint. Are they reliable for clinical practice?

Falcão, Denise Pinheiro; Miranda, Priscila Carvalho; Almeida, Tayana Filgueira Galdino; Scalco, Monique Gomes da Silva; Fregni, Felipe; Amorim, Rivadávio Fernandes Batista de

doi:10.1590/1678-7757-2016-0305

Cited by 15 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Indeed, as reported by Scully C et al the clinical assessment can be performed using portable gas chromatography or a sulfide monitor or organoleptic assessment, performed by the nose of the clinicians (Scully & Greenman, ). The last method is considered the gold standard in the clinical practice, but the clinician sniff can present many side effects such as the transmission of diseases or subjectivity level (Falcão et al, ). The portable gas chromatography can be preferred if the clinical situation requires a differentiation of the VSCs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combining culture and culture‐independent methods reveals new microbial composition of halitosis patients' tongue biofilm

Bernardi

Karygianni

Filippi³

et al. 2019

MicrobiologyOpen

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This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made. AbstractBackground: Oral malodor is a very discomforting condition deriving from the presence of volatile sulfur compounds in the expired air. In halitosis of intraoral etiology, the volatile sulfur compounds are metabolic products of the oral microorganisms within the biofilm coating the tongue dorsum as well as other tissues in the oral cavity. The aim of this study was to characterize and compare the microbial composition of tongue biofilm in volunteers suffering from halitosis and healthy volunteers by means of both the culture method and culture-independent cloning technique.Results: A high bacterial variety (more than 80 different species) was detected using the combination of both methods. A distinct bacterial composition was revealed in the halitosis-associated biofilms compared with the health-associated biofilms.Actinomyces graevenitzii was shown to be significantly associated with the halitosis condition. The culture method identified 47 species, included Veillonella rogosae, never isolated from the tongue biofilm of halitosis patients so far. In the healthy condition, the culture-dependent method showed that the most frequent species were Streptococcus parasanguinis among the aerobes and Veillonella spp. among the anaerobes. The culture-independent cloning method detected more than 50 species.Streptococci, in particular S. mitis/oralis, S. pseudopneumoniae, and S. infantis as well as Prevotella spp., were found most frequently in halitosis patients. Streptococcus salivarius and Rothia mucilaginosa were found more frequently in the healthy condition. Conclusions:The combination of the culture-dependent and culture-independent cloning techniques allowed for a widespread analysis of the tongue biofilm in halitosis patients. The results can support further pharmacological research for new antimicrobial agents and halitosis therapy strategies. K E Y W O R D Sculture-independent cloning technique, halitosis, microbial culture, tongue biofilm | 11 of 12

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combining culture and culture‐independent methods reveals new microbial composition of halitosis patients' tongue biofilm

Bernardi

Karygianni

Filippi³

et al. 2019

MicrobiologyOpen

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“…Moreover, it is practically impossible to have three trained examiners available in routine clinical practice, which underscores the need for an objective exam. OT can also be considered embarrassing for both the examiner and patient, as the patient needs to exhale in the direction of the examiner’s nose at a short distance (10 cm) which is often considered to be very close and uncomfortable ( 14 , 15 , 24 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Halimeter™ measures the quantity of VSCs emitted through bad breath and determines the total in parts per billion (ppb). This device detects sulfide gas and methanethiol, but is not sensitive to dimethylsulfide ( 12 , 15 ). While its cost is moderate, its use for pediatric patients is challenging.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Accuracy of a portable breath meter test for the detection of halitosis in children and adolescents

Guedes

Bussadori

Mota

et al. 2020

Clinics

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OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to determine the accuracy of the Breath-Alert™ portable breath meter (BA) for the detection of halitosis in children and adolescents, considering the organoleptic test (OT) as the gold standard in this assessment. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 150 children (aged 6-12 years). OT was performed by three independent examiners on a single occasion, obtaining three scores of 0-5 points on the Rosenberg’s organoleptic scale. The median of the three evaluations for each child was used for analysis. BA was used according to the manufacturer’s instructions, with breath odor scored from 0-5 points. Scores ≥2 on both tests were considered indicative of halitosis. RESULTS: A total of 26 (17.3%) and 23 (15.3%) children were detected with halitosis on the OT and BA tests, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of the BA scores for the detection of halitosis were 80.76% and 98.38%, respectively. The positive and negative predictive values for BA were 91.3% and 96.06%, respectively. CONCLUSION: In the present study involving children, who require fast, practical examinations, BA proved to be an auxiliary tool to OT for the detection of halitosis in the practice of pediatric dentistry, demonstrating high sensitivity and specificity.

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“…Particularly in young patients, the presence of tongue coating seems to be the main cause of halitosis [ 5 ]. To diagnose halitosis, some tests can be conducted [ 6 ]. Among them, the organoleptic method is very often used; however, it is considered a subjective measure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photodynamic therapy with Bixa orellana extract and LED for the reduction of halitosis: study protocol for a randomized, microbiological and clinical trial

Gonçalves

Mota

Deana

et al. 2018

Trials

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BackgroundHalitosis is an unpleasant breath odour that can interfere with the professional life, social life and quality of life of people who suffer from it. A modality of treatment that has been increasing in dentistry is antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT). Bixa orellana, popularly known as “urucum” is a plant native to Brazil. The seeds are used to produce a dye that is largely used in the food, textile, paint and cosmetic industries. The aim of this study is to verify whether aPDT with Bixa orellana extract and blue light-emitting diodes (LEDs) is effective in reducing halitosis. This method will also be compared with tongue scraping, the most commonly used conventional method for tongue coating removal, and the association of both methods will be evaluated.Methods/designA randomized clinical trial will be conducted at the dental clinic of the Universidade Nove de Julho. Thirty-nine patients will be divided by block randomization into three groups (n = 13) according to the treatment to be performed. In Group 1, tongue scraping will be performed by the same operator in all patients for analysis of the immediate results. Patients will also be instructed on how to use the scraper at home. Group 2 will be treated with aPDT with Bixa orellana extract and the LED light curing device: Valo Cordless Ultradent®. Six points in the tongue dorsum with a distance of 1 cm between them will be irradiated. The apparatus will be pre-calibrated at wavelength 395–480 nm for 20 s and 9.6 J per point. In Group 3, patients will be submitted to the tongue scraping procedure, as well as to the previously explained aPDT. Oral air collection with the Oral Chroma™ and microbiological collections of the tongue coating shall be done before, immediately after and 7 days after treatment for comparison.DiscussionHalitosis treatment is a topic that still needs attention. The results of this trial could support decision-making by clinicians regarding aPDT using blue LEDs for treating halitosis on a daily basis, as most dentists already have this light source in their offices.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03346460. Registered on 17 November 2017.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s13063-018-2913-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Assessment of the accuracy of portable monitors for halitosis evaluation in subjects without malodor complaint. Are they reliable for clinical practice?

Cited by 15 publications

References 22 publications

Combining culture and culture‐independent methods reveals new microbial composition of halitosis patients' tongue biofilm

Combining culture and culture‐independent methods reveals new microbial composition of halitosis patients' tongue biofilm

Accuracy of a portable breath meter test for the detection of halitosis in children and adolescents

Photodynamic therapy with Bixa orellana extract and LED for the reduction of halitosis: study protocol for a randomized, microbiological and clinical trial

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