Assessment of Skeletal Muscle Perfusion Using Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasonography

Krix, Martin; Weber, Marc‐André; Krakowski-Roosen, Holger; Huttner, Hagen B.; Delorme, Stefan; Kauczor, Hans‐Ulrich; Hildebrandt, Wulf

doi:10.7863/jum.2005.24.4.431

Cited by 79 publications

(103 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…During the exercise, local blood volume decreased but increased rapidly after the exercise stopped as measured by contrast-enhanced sonography. In another study by Krix et al, 5 concentric-eccentric contractions were performed using a hand grip dynamometer for 2 minutes at 65% to 70% maximum maximal voluntary isometric contraction. Blood flow increased 11.2 times (660%) in the biceps muscle after exercise.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microvascular Perfusion Increases After Eccentric Exercise of the Gastrocnemius

Selkow

Herman

Liu

et al. 2013

Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine

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epeated contractions of skeletal muscle, as in exercise, have been shown to increase local blood flow. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] This increase in blood flow is proportional to the metabolic demands of the muscle tissue being exercised. 9 Metabolic demand changes depending on the type of exercise performed. Eccentric contractions produce more force with less metabolic demand than concentric or isometric contractions. 10 It is unclear, however, whether this difference in metabolic demand alters circulatory responses in muscle as seen with concentric-eccentric and isometric contractions. During eccentric contractions, the breakdown of adenosine triphosphate is slowed, resulting in lower requirements for energy 11,12 and oxygen consumption to rarely elevate from rest. 13,14 Several studies have examined the effect of isometric or concentriceccentric contractions on blood flow. 2-8 However, eccentric-only Noelle M. Selkow, PhD, ATC, Daniel C. Herman, MD, PhD, Zhenqi Liu, MD, Jay Hertel, PhD, ATC, Joseph M. Hart, PhD, ATC, Susan A. Saliba, PhD, MPT, ATC Received July 13, 2012, ORIGINAL RESEARCHObjectives-The purpose of this study was to assess microvascular perfusion immediately after eccentric exercise using contrast-enhanced sonography.Methods-An intravenous catheter was placed in the antecubital vein of the arm contralateral to the leg being tested for the delivery of microbubbles to 18 healthy volunteers (mean age ± SD, 22.2 ± 2.2 years; height, 166.0 ± 11.9 cm; weight, 69.4 ± 25.0 kg). Eccentric exercises were performed unilaterally in a randomized leg. Calf-lowering repetitions off a raised step were performed to the beat of a metronome over 3 seconds in the sequence of 50 repetitions, 5 minutes of rest, and 50 repetitions. Microvascular perfusion (blood volume, blood flow, and blood flow velocity) was measured before and immediately after exercise using replenishment kinetics.Results-Blood volume and flow both significantly increased after exercise (P < .001). Baseline measurements were 5.88 ± 1.33 dB and 2.34 ± 0.41 dB/s and increased to 12.20 ± 3.31 dB and 4.52 ± 1.05 dB/s, respectively. There was a significant decrease in blood flow velocity (P = .035) after exercise (0.38 ± 0.03 s -1 ) from baseline (0.41 ± 0.06 s -1 ).Conclusions-Circulatory responses were altered after eccentric exercise, which may be due to the metabolic demand placed on the body. On the basis of this finding, eccentric exercise may be used as a model to assess the effect modalities have on the circulatory system after an elevated state of microvascular perfusion is reached.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] This increase in blood flow is proportional to the metabolic demands of the muscle tissue being exercised. 9 Metabolic demand changes depending on the type of exercise performed.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Microvascular Perfusion Increases After Eccentric Exercise of the Gastrocnemius

Selkow

Herman

Liu

et al. 2013

Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine

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“…The AI obtained during the first 0.5 sec was averaged and subtracted from the AI recorded during the remaining time to eliminate background noise and contribution from any rapid filling vessels in the ROI. Calculations were made in accordance to Wei et al, with AI vs. time curves fitted to the equation: y = A[1 -e -β(t-β t )], where t is time (s), B t the time used for background subtraction, y is the acoustic intensity at any given t, A is the plateau AI defined as MBV and β is the flow rate constant (1/s) that determines the rate of rise of AI, proportional to microvascular flow velocity (MFV; (Krix et al 2005;Wei et al 1998)). The product of Aβ with the unit volume blood -1 ·volume tissue -1 ·second -1 is proportional to microvascular blood flow (MBF) (Mitchell et al 2013).…”

Section: Microvascular Blood Volume (Mbv)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute cocoa flavanol supplementation improves muscle macro- and microvascular but not anabolic responses to amino acids in older men

Phillips

Atherton

Varadhan

et al. 2016

Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab.

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“…It has been shown that IMCL levels vary with diet and physical activity and it has been reported that IMCL levels are correlated with insulin sensitivity [5]. Furthermore, skeletal muscle microcirculation can be quantified by contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) analyzing replenishment kinetics after destruction of intravenously injected microbubbles by ultrasonographic pulses [9,10]. This technique is sensitive enough to allow for detection of the low skeletal muscle perfusion, i.e.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…the capillary blood flow, at rest [11]. It also allows for quantification of physiologically increased perfusion after exercise [9] and pathologically increased perfusion in inflammatory myopathies [10].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%