Assessment of sampling and chemical analysis of waste printed circuit boards from WEEE: gold content determination

Laubertová, Martina; Malindžáková, Marcela; Trpcevska, Jarmila; Gajić, Nataša

doi:10.30544/427

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 5 publications

(10 reference statements)

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“…Interferences must have intervened in the digestion of the other metals due to the heterogeneity of the particles. Literature available data confirm the influence of sampling on the variability of metal content from WEEEs (Laubertova et al, 2019;Mählitz et al, 2020).…”

Section: Influence Of Digestion Procedures On the Elemental Character...mentioning

confidence: 57%

Waste electrical and electronic equipments as urban mines in Burkina Faso: Characterization and release of metal particles

et al. 2022

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Section: Influence Of Digestion Procedures On the Elemental Character...mentioning

confidence: 57%

Waste electrical and electronic equipments as urban mines in Burkina Faso: Characterization and release of metal particles

et al. 2022

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“…The determination of Ag and REEs was carried out in nitric acid (HNO 3 ) and the determination of the remaining PMs was carried out in aqua regia (HCl:HNO 3 , ratio: 3:1) according to the methodology followed in [8,21,31] using the acids HNO 3 65% and HCl 35-38% (all analytical grade; brand, MACRON (MACRON-avantor, Pennsylvania, PA, USA); purchased from Chemix SA), according to the methodology in [1,8,15,55,56]. Calibration of the ICP-OES instrument was carried out using ICP calibration standards: (a) REEs (brand, CPA hem (Bogomilovo, Bulgaria); name, MISA Standard 1-Rare Earth Metals-18 components), (b) PMs (except for Ag), (brand, CPA hem; name, MISA Standard 2-Precious Metals-6 components), and (c) Ag (brand, hps; name, ICP-AM-MISA6-27 component).…”

Section: Fourth Stage-icp-oes Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-Layer Ceramic Capacitors in Lighting Equipment: Presence and Characterisation of Rare Earth Elements and Precious Metals

Sideris,

Fragoulis,

Stathopoulos

et al. 2023

Recycling

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The need to reduce energy consumption in buildings, the emergence of light-emitting diode (LED) lamps in lighting around 2010, their long lifetime, and the 2025 target to use only LED lamps are changing the existing composition of Category 3 waste electrical–electronic equipment (WEEE) and creating expectations for simple, high-concentration recycling streams. In this study, multi-layer ceramic capacitors (MLCCs) detached from the lighting sector’s WEEE were characterised for the presence of rare earth elements (REEs) and precious metals (PMs). Their digestion was carried out with HNO3 and aqua regia on a heating plate and characterised using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) and scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX). The contents of REEs and PMs found in the MLCCs were 0.84 wt% and 0.60 wt%, respectively, and create an economic stored value that is essentially defined by PMs of 98.67% and by palladium (Pd) of 78.37%. The analysis showed that the content of the main elements was: neodymium (Nd) 0.366 wt%, yttrium (Y) 0.220 wt%, dysprosium (Dy) 0.131 wt%, silver (Ag) 0.467 wt%, and Pd 0.105 wt%. These results indicate the need for selective removal and separate recycling processes of MLCCs from WEEE drivers.

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“…It is important to ensure the reproductive standard of the method of sample preparation, to achieve the minimum possible number of systemic as well as random analytical errors [ 21 , 22 , 23 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Study of a Representative Sample to Determine the Chemical Composition of Cast Iron

Laubertova,

Ruzickova,

Trpcevska

et al. 2024

Materials

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In metallurgical practice, the material is considered of adequate quality if it meets the customer’s expectations. It is necessary to take representative samples and perform quality testing to avoid financial and intangible losses. Sample contamination and matrix and surface quality play a significant role in the accuracy of chemical analyses. The purpose of this paper is to point out the advantages of specific methods of taking samples, such as immersion and spoon sampling of molten metal, and, in the experimental part, to assess the impacts of factors affecting the quality of the sampling. The influence of time of final sampling on determining the true amount of magnesium during a single melt and the influence of duration of mixing of molten cast iron on the accuracy of chemical analysis of the control sample were investigated. It is important that the time between the modification and casting of the liquid cast iron from the casting ladle be as short as possible. This is because the magnesium burns out and thus the chemical analysis of the sample taken is not accurate. Another important factor is ensuring the melt before sampling is homogenized and has the minimum prescribed temperature (1420 °C). Increasing sample collection time will cause changes in its chemical composition.

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Assessment of sampling and chemical analysis of waste printed circuit boards from WEEE: gold content determination

Cited by 6 publications

References 5 publications

Waste electrical and electronic equipments as urban mines in Burkina Faso: Characterization and release of metal particles

Waste electrical and electronic equipments as urban mines in Burkina Faso: Characterization and release of metal particles

Multi-Layer Ceramic Capacitors in Lighting Equipment: Presence and Characterisation of Rare Earth Elements and Precious Metals

Experimental Study of a Representative Sample to Determine the Chemical Composition of Cast Iron

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