Assessment of Role of Some Compost and Their Residual Effects on Plants Grown in Sandy and/or Calcareous Soil

Abstract

This work aims to study the role of two composts made of plant residues and added to calcareous soil from Noubaria to clay soil from Kom Osheem; on wheat yields and nutrient status of grains and straw as well as to study their residual effects on the growth of maize, which was grown after wheat.A pot experiment was carried out in earthenware pots filled with 7 kg of the tested soils; at Soils, Water and Environment Research Inst. (SWERI) -Agric. Res. Center (ARC). It was included two soil types; two sources of composted plant residues(C) of wheat straw or banana residues (zero, 5 and 10 ton/fed) as well as NPK mineral fertilizers (M) (zero ,75% and 100% RD).Some treatments of solo , mixed of (C) with (M) as well as no-fertilization (control) were suggested to achieve this study. Wheat (Triticum aestirum) was planted in winter season, till maturity. In the following summer season maize (Zea mays L) was sown, without any new additions, for 70 days only. The obtained results indicated that:  Weights of grains and straw of wheat as well as dry weight of whole maize plants were positively responded to manure applications with no-significant differences between the effects of the two used composts in case of wheat and very slight differences in case of maize plants. These responses, to manure applications, were higher in clay soil than that in calcareous one, viz calcareous soil needed to more compost application than clay soil. Application of 10 ton compost /fed associated with 75% RD of NPK mineral fertilizers (10C+75%M) gave the highest weights.  N, P, K, Fe, Mn and Zn uptake by wheat components and whole maize plants revealed the same trends mentioned above.

Organic Amendment and Mulching Enhanced the Growth and Fruit Quality of Squash Plants (Cucurbita pepo L.) Grown on Silty Loam Soils

“…In today's era, intensive use of chemical fertilizer has been found to be obtain a better crop productivity and significantly enhance yield to various kinds of crop and efficient methods compared to organic manures [13,14]. However, the continuous application of chemical fertilizers has a negative impact on human health and several environment threats such as soil erosion, air and water pollution, water logging, and reduction in biodiversity [15][16][17]. The addition of high rates of chemical fertilizer adversely affects soil properties such as soil fertility, organic matter, biological activity, structure, water retention, salinity, and general soil quality [15][16][17].…”

“…However, the continuous application of chemical fertilizers has a negative impact on human health and several environment threats such as soil erosion, air and water pollution, water logging, and reduction in biodiversity [15][16][17]. The addition of high rates of chemical fertilizer adversely affects soil properties such as soil fertility, organic matter, biological activity, structure, water retention, salinity, and general soil quality [15][16][17]. Moreover, high rates of fertilization lead to the high cost of energy and crop production [15][16][17].…”

“…The addition of high rates of chemical fertilizer adversely affects soil properties such as soil fertility, organic matter, biological activity, structure, water retention, salinity, and general soil quality [15][16][17]. Moreover, high rates of fertilization lead to the high cost of energy and crop production [15][16][17]. Therefore, organic waste must be recycled to become an alternative, even partially, to mineral fertilization.…”

Yield and fruit chemical constituents of squash as affected by organic, bio-, and N mineral fertilizer

“…However, the continuous application of chemical fertilizers has a negative impact on human health and several environment threats such as soil erosion, air and water pollution, water logging, and decrease in biodiversity [9][10][11].…”

“…The addition of high rates of chemical fertilizer adversely affects soil properties such as soil fertility, organic matter, biological activity, structure, water retention, salinity, and general soil quality [9][10][11].…”