Assessment of Reference and Actual Evapotranspiration and Yield of Maize Under Different Irrigation Levels With Filter Mud Cake Applications

Abstract

Two experiments were conducted at Water Studies and Research Complex (WSRC), Station, National Water Research Center, Toshka -Abu Simbel, during two growing seasons of 2018 and 2019 to compare available reference evapotranspiration (ET • ) equations (Hargreaves-Samani (HS), Makkink (MK), Priestley-Taylor (PT) and Turc (TC)) to the FAO-56 method to determine suitable alternatives for use in Toshka region, and to evaluation effects of drought stress and filter mud cake on physiological traits of two maize hybrids, three regulated deficit irrigation levels of available water content depletion (AWCD) I 1 , 13 %, I 2 , 25% and I 3 , 50% AWCD were combined with three levels of filter mud cake (FMC) F 1 : 4 kg m 2 , F 2 : 2 kg m 2 and F 3 : 0 kg.The data revealed that the individual influence of used 13% AWCD and FMC 4 kg m 2 , caused increases of the plant height (m), leaf area (cm 2 ), no. grains/cob, grain yield (ton/fed.) and water use efficiency (WUE) (Kg/m 3 ).The data also, revealed that the average seasonal values of the actual evapotranspiration (Eta) decreased as the percentage of soil moisture depletion increased (more available water extracted) . The Eta values were 1012.5, 853.1 and 712.7mm at 13, 25 and 50% AWCD, respectively.The data also, revealed that the grain yield in the first season (2017/2018) were 1.70, 1.32 and 0.77 ton/fed. While in the second season (2018/2019) were 1.85, 1.53 and 0.75 ton/fed for 13, 25 and 50% AWCD, respectively.The data revealed that increased regime treatment from 13 to 50% AWCD decreased WUE by maize plants from (0.45 to 0.29 kg/m 3 ) and (0.48 to 0.27 kg/m 3 )in 2017/2018 and 2018/2019, respectively.The results showed that the Hargreaves -Samani (HS) equation is suitable for estimating ETo for the studied area.

Assessing the Influence of Planting Dates on Sustainable Maize Production under Drought Stress Conditions

“…Maximum ear area was observed for Xinyu 65 on sowing date E, followed by sowing date E for Huamei No. 1 in 2021, while lowest ear area was observed on sowing date A for KWS3376 corn; these results are close to those obtained by [37,38]. In 2022, the maximum ear area was seen for KWS9384 on sowing date C, while the minimum ear area was observed on sowing dates A and B for Xinyu 65.…”

Contribution of Using Filter Cake and Vinasse as a Source of Nutrients for Sustainable Agriculture—A Review

“…Gonzalez et al [42], in their chemical analysis of this residue, found a pH(CaCl 2 ) of 8.2 and a total organic matter content of 29.6%. Additionally, filter cake decreases soil density and increases porosity, improving aeration and water retention capacity [48,49]. Along with these benefits, there are also gains in environmental and agricultural aspects [40,50].…”

Minimizing the Adverse Impact of Drought on Corn by Applying Foliar Potassium Humate Combined with Chitosan

“…It is a major annual cereal crop in Egypt and other Mediterranean countries, which has the third largest crop after wheat and rice with a total area under cultivation reaching about 900,000 hectares in 2019/2020, producing about 7.2 million metric tons (El-Dissoky et al 2017;Wally and Mariano 2019). Moreover, according to Abaza et al (2021) and Abaza (2022), the average daily evaporation when corn planting in February in the study area of the experiment ranges between 10.45 and 0.89 mm per day, and the crop lasts for an average growth period, reaching 93 days, with a total gross water requirement up to 10,890 m −3 ha −1 .…”