Assessment of pulmonary surfactant in COVID-19 patients

Schousboe, Peter; Wiese, Lothar; Heiring, Christian; Verder, Henrik; Poorisrisak, Porntiva; Verder, Povl; Nielsen, Henning Bay

doi:10.1186/s13054-020-03268-9

Cited by 37 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Coronavirus infection impairs the capacity of the type 2 alveolar epithelium cells to synthesize and secrete pulmonary surfactant required for normal breathing and oxygenation ( Schousboe et al, 2020 ; Zheng et al, 2020 ). In healthy individuals, lung surfactant covers the alveolar surface, facilitates breathing, and prevents the lungs from collapsing ( Hallman et al, 1982 ; Daniels and Orgeig, 2003 ).…”

Section: Plasmalogens In Lung Surfactant and Antiviral Pulmonary Surfmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In healthy individuals, lung surfactant covers the alveolar surface, facilitates breathing, and prevents the lungs from collapsing ( Hallman et al, 1982 ; Daniels and Orgeig, 2003 ). Dysfunctional endogenous lung surfactant in the patients with severe respiratory pathologies provoked by SARS-CoV-2, may be due to the decreased concentrations of surfactant phospholipid and proteins, the altered lung surfactant metabolism and composition, or oxidative inactivation of surfactant proteins ( Ahmed et al, 2020 ; Schousboe et al, 2020 ). Considering that pulmonary surfactant synthesis is diminished by the severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 pathology, potential therapies of COVID-19 caused pneumonia may include exogenous lung surfactant replacement or delivery to compensate the deficiency of surfactant lipids, which are strongly associated with lung pathogenesis ( Mirastschijski et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Plasmalogens In Lung Surfactant and Antiviral Pulmonary Surfmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lung surfactant is a multicomponent mixture of lipids (phospholipids, triglycerides, fatty acids, and cholesterols), surfactant proteins, and a small amount of carbohydrates ( Bernhard, 2016 ; Schousboe et al, 2020 ). The lipid components comprise saturated and unsaturated phospholipids, neutral lipids, and ether lipids (plasmalogens).…”

Section: Plasmalogens In Lung Surfactant and Antiviral Pulmonary Surfmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Coronavirus-Induced Host Cubic Membranes and Lipid-Related Antiviral Therapies: A Focus on Bioactive Plasmalogens

Deng

Angelova

2021

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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Coronaviruses have lipid envelopes required for their activity. The fact that coronavirus infection provokes the formation of cubic membranes (CM) (denoted also as convoluted membranes) in host cells has not been rationalized in the development of antiviral therapies yet. In this context, the role of bioactive plasmalogens (vinyl ether glycerophospholipids) is not completely understood. These lipid species display a propensity for non-lamellar phase formation, facilitating membrane fusion, and modulate the activity of membrane-bound proteins such as enzymes and receptors. At the organism level, plasmalogen deficiency is associated with cardiometabolic disorders including obesity and type 2 diabetes in humans. A straight link is perceived with the susceptibility of such patients to SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2) infection, the severity of illness, and the related difficulty in treatment. Based on correlations between the coronavirus-induced modifications of lipid metabolism in host cells, plasmalogen deficiency in the lung surfactant of COVID-19 patients, and the alterations of lipid membrane structural organization and composition including the induction of CM, we emphasize the key role of plasmalogens in the coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV, or MERS-CoV) entry and replication in host cells. Considering that plasmalogen-enriched lung surfactant formulations may improve the respiratory process in severe infected individuals, plasmalogens can be suggested as an anti-viral prophylactic, a lipid biomarker in SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 infections, and a potential anti-viral therapeutic component of lung surfactant development for COVID-19 patients.

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Section: Plasmalogens In Lung Surfactant and Antiviral Pulmonary Surfmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Plasmalogens In Lung Surfactant and Antiviral Pulmonary Surfmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Plasmalogens In Lung Surfactant and Antiviral Pulmonary Surfmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Coronavirus-Induced Host Cubic Membranes and Lipid-Related Antiviral Therapies: A Focus on Bioactive Plasmalogens

Deng

Angelova

2021

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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“…Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) uses the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptor to access, infect, and destroy alveoli lining and surfactant-producing type II pneumocytes ( 6 – 9 ). Biopsy and postmortem specimens in COVID-19 reveal diffuse alveolar damage, protein leak, hyaline membrane formation, inflammation in the alveolar walls, and desquamation of type II pneumocytes ( 10 , 11 ).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Radiographic evidence in COVID-19 patients includes ground glass opacities reminiscent of hyaline membrane disease, a key feature of primary surfactant-deficiency and respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in premature infants ( 12 , 13 ). Based on pathophysiologic similarities with ARDS ( 14 ) and newborn RDS, a strong rational exists for using exogenous surfactant as a potential treatment option for severe COVID-19 ARDS ( 9 , 15 , 16 ).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%