Assessment of PTSD in Older Veterans: The Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist:  Military Version (PCL-M)

Yarvis, Jeffrey S.; Yoon, Eunchul; Ameuke, Margaret; Simien-Turner, Sandra; Landers, Grace

doi:10.18060/1874

Cited by 14 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…While the original PCL-M asks about posttraumatic symptoms in the past month related to stressful military experiences, in this study respondents were asked about stressful work experiences. The PCL-M has been validated in multiple samples; previous studies have reported Cronbach's >.90 (e.g., Blanchard et al, 1996, Weathers et al, 1993, Yarvis et al, 2012. In this sample, the PCL-M also demonstrated high reliability ( =.98).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 66%

Law enforcement officers and Employee Assistance Programs

Donnelly

Valentine

Oehme

2015

Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies &Amp; Management

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Purpose – The toll of the stresses of policing on officers’ physical and mental health and on their individual work and family functioning has been well documented in the literature. Given the well-established consequences of work-related stress on law enforcement, it becomes important to understand how officers are utilizing institutional support systems. Specifically, the purpose of this paper is to elucidate the relationship between officers and Employee Assistant Programs (EAPs). Design/methodology/approach – Data were collected from surveys attached to an online officer training targeting domestic violence in law enforcement families in a large southern state. Findings – A total of n=934 participants were retained for analyses. Few respondents (16.2 percent) reported accessing their EAPs. Totally, 56.4 percent reported knowing enough about their EAP and how to access it; 33 percent of participants would not use their EAPs for domestic violence concerns. No significant differences among officers who did and did not access their EAPs for workplace stress, posttraumatic stress, alcohol use, or domestic violence were identified. Significant differences in alcohol use, posttraumatic stress, and operational stress were identified in those who reported not knowing enough about how to access their EAP. Practical implications – Concrete suggestions are offered to help increase officers’ knowledge and understanding of the importance of mental health and EAPs. Agencies should consider a more comprehensive approach to mental health to ensure that officers get the help they need. Originality/value – Very little is known about the relationship that law enforcement officers have with EAP services. This study sheds light on some important differences in work-related stress, stress reactions, and knowledge and familiarity with EAP services.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 66%

Law enforcement officers and Employee Assistance Programs

Donnelly

Valentine

Oehme

2015

Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies &Amp; Management

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“…For these outcomes, we found an association between clinician‐rated and self‐reported symptoms for the younger group, but not for the older group. Previous studies (Cook et al., ; Yarvis et al., ) found the PCL to have adequate reliability and validity in older civilian and veteran samples, but neither of these studies compared self‐reported PTSD with clinician‐rated symptoms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…To our knowledge, no study has directly compared the association between clinician‐ and self‐assessments of PTSD symptoms in older versus younger adults. Based on past studies of the PCL (e.g., Cook et al., ; Yarvis et al., ), and Monson et al. 's () study showing a high degree of association between the PCL and the CAPS, we expected that the two measures would be strongly associated.…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Structured interviews such as the Clinician‐Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS; Blake et al., ) are typically considered the gold standard for assessment of PTSD (Weathers, Keane, & Davidson, ), even though self‐reported measures such as the PTSD Checklist (PCL; Weathers, Litz, Herman, Huska, & Keane, ) correspond closely to clinician‐rated measures (e.g., Monson et al., ). Prior studies have shown that both the CAPS and PCL perform well in older adults (Cook, Elhai, & Areán, ; Schnurr, Spiro, Vielhauer, Findler, & Hamblen, ; Yarvis, Yoon, Ameuke, Simien‐Turner, & Landers, ). A lower cutoff threshold for probable PTSD, however, is recommended when using the PCL with older adults (e.g., Cook et al., ; Yeager & Magruder, in press).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Comparison of Clinician‐ and Self‐Assessments of Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms in Older Versus Younger Veterans

Lunney

Schnurr

Cook

2014

Journal of Traumatic Stress

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Assessment of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in older adults has received limited investigation. The purpose of this study was to compare the severity of PTSD symptoms in treatment-seeking older and younger U.S. veterans with PTSD. Participants were 360 male and 284 female veterans enrolled in 2 separate clinical trials of psychotherapy for PTSD. About 4% of the participants were age 60 years or older. Symptoms were assessed before treatment using clinician-rated and self-report measures. For men, only numbing symptoms were lower in older veterans; this was so in clinician ratings, d = 0.76, and self-reports, d = 0.65. For women, clinician-rated hyperarousal symptoms were lower in older veterans, d = 0.57. Clinician-rated and self-reported symptoms were strongly related, Bs = 0.95 and 0.80 in the male and female samples, respectively. Among men, clinician-rated and self-reported reexperiencing and hyperarousal symptoms were associated only in younger veterans. Accurate assessment of PTSD symptoms in older adults is essential to identifying and implementing effective treatment. Our findings suggest that some symptoms may be lower in older men, and that some symptoms of PTSD may be underdetected in older women. Future research should assess the combined effect of gender and age on PTSD symptom presentation.

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“…It should be noted that chi-square statistic can be influenced by sample size, and thus should be examined carefully (Kline, 2011). The standardized RMSR (SRMSR) should have a value of ≤.05 and incremental fit index (IFI) should have a value of ≥.90 (Yaris, Yoon, Amenuke, Simien-Turner, & Landers, 2012). Principal axis exploratory factor analysis is a commonly used method for establishing construct validity.…”

Section: Purposementioning

confidence: 99%

Coaching Scales

Hagen

Peterson

2014

Advances in Developing Human Resources

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The Problem Given the relevance of scales for selecting managers, Peterson and Little called for an examination of scales used to measure coaching. However, there are few options from which to select validated scales used to measure coaching. Consequently, there appears to be a knowledge gap—little is known about the coaching scales that are available and how they have been validated and tested. The Solution A proposed solution to the issue is to (a) present a comprehensive review of the literature, identifying coaching scales; (b) analyze those scales, providing information on scale item development, reliability, and validation of available scales; and (c) compare and clarify the efficacy of those scales. The Stakeholders This literature review will benefit academic scholars, practitioners, and scholar-practitioners by supporting and encouraging their research. Identification and clarification of the existing scales, their focus, and validation processes can bridge the research/theory–practice gap.

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Assessment of PTSD in Older Veterans: The Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist: Military Version (PCL-M)

Cited by 14 publications

References 45 publications

Law enforcement officers and Employee Assistance Programs

Law enforcement officers and Employee Assistance Programs

Comparison of Clinician‐ and Self‐Assessments of Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms in Older Versus Younger Veterans

Coaching Scales

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