Assessment of productivity and adaptability of Camelina Sativa varieties

Abstract

The aim of this research is to assess the varieties of winter camelina in terms of productivity and adaptability in a contrast agroclimatic environment of the Middle Volga region and the region of steppe Crimea in 2016–2018. The climate of the Middle Volga region is moderately continental. The precipitation varies from 350 to 750 mm a year. The average year temperature is 5.3 °C. The climate of the steppe Crimea region is continental. The average year temperature here is 15.1 °C and the precipitation varies between 350 and 450 mm a year. In average the yield of different camelina varieties fluctuated between 1.59 and 1.83 t/ha, depending on the environment condition index (Ii -0.19–0.46). In the Penza region, the Kozir and Baron varieties gave the biggest yield with the productivity of crops equal to 1.80 and 1.83 t/ha respectively. In Crimea, the biggest yield was given by the Dikiy variety (1.74 t/ha). The variability of productivity is low at 7.4–10.1% and medium at 11.5–13.2%. The Baron variety has a low variation factor (7.4 and 11.5%) regardless of a cultivation region. All varieties had high stability which was 1.20–1.25 and 1.30–1.46 depending on a region. The Baron and Kozir varieties had the highest stability reaching 1.46 and 1.25 respectively. All varieties had a high index of stability for this crop, equal to 0.50–0.59. Camelina is tolerant of all stress factors and forms a stable yield in different cultivation conditions. All varieties showed a great ecological adaptivity and flexibility with the bi values equal to 1 and varying between 0.92–1.07. The most stable and flexible variety in the case of the Penza region is Baron (bi=0.92; σdr2=0.07) while in the region of Crimea it is Kozir (bi=0.99; σdr2=0.07). The Dikiy variety has high adaptivity parameters in both regions (bi=0.93–0.97; σdr2=0.06). The variance analysis showed that the share of “variety” factor influence is from 38.4% (the Penza region) to 39.2% (Crimea). In the variety-region relationship the influence of a variety is 40.6%. The share of “years” factor influence is 21.7–24.6%, depending on a region.

Influence of climatic conditions on productivity and adaptability of Camelina sativa

“…At present, due to global transformations of climatic conditions that tend to increase temperatures, the issue of expanding the range of oilseeds and spreading the most adaptive crops that can form stable yields when changing thermal and water regimes is raised [2][3][4].…”

“…The main economic value of Camelina sativa is its ability to form a high potential productivity in a wide range of soil and climatic conditions [2,4,10].…”

Agroecological assessment of winter camelina varieties in the conditions of the Middle Volga region

“…Рыжик озимый (Camelina silvestris pilosa Z.) в настоящее время является перспективной масличной культурой семейства крестоцветных, который вызывает все больший и больший рост интереса как в научных кругах, так и у сельхозпроизводителей и приобретает популярность во многих регионах Российской Федерации и за рубежом [2,16].…”

“…В семенах рыжика содержится до 46,0% масла, которое характеризуется уникальным жирнокислотным составом [10,16]. В рыжиковом масле отмечается высокое содержание полиненасыщенных жирных кислот -линолевой (омега-6) и линоленовой (омега-3).…”

“…Оценивая современные результаты селекции рыжика озимого, следует отметить, что для достижения различных селекционных целей, в том числе повышения урожайности и качества маслосемян, более широкой адаптации и устойчивости культуры к патогенам, требуется внедрение и изучение нового генетического разнообразия [1,16].…”