Assessment of Pesticide Residues in Flesh ofCatla catlafrom Ravi River, Pakistan

Abstract

The levels of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE), endosulfan, endosulfan sulfate, carbofuran, and cartap which were estimated in the flesh of Catla catla sampled from ten sites of Ravi River between its stretches from Shahdara to Head Balloki were studied to know the level of contamination of the selected pesticides by GC-ECD method. All fish samples were found contaminated with different concentrations of DDT, DDE, endosulfan, and carbofuran; however, DDT and DDE concentrations were more than the maximum residue limits (MRLs) about food standards, while endosulfan sulfate and cartap were not detected. Pesticide concentrations in the fish flesh were ranged from 3.240 to 3.389 for DDT, 2.290 to 2.460 for DDE, 0.112 to 0.136 for endosulfan, and 0.260 to 0.370 μg g−1 for carbofuran. The findings revealed that the pesticide concentrations in the fish flesh decreased in the order: DDT > DDE > carbofuran > endosulfan. After Degh fall and After Hudiara nulla fall river sampling sites were found severely contaminated. It is proposed that a constant monitoring programs are needed to be initiated to overcome the present alarming situation.

Distribution and Accumulation of Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCB), Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) and Organo-chlorine Residues in the Muscle Tissue of Labeo rohita

“…These findings were in accordance with those of Akhtar et al (2014), who mentioned a fresh input of DDTs to the water body, based on DDE concentrations comprising between 1-50% of all DDT forms (Khaled et al, 2004;Akhtar et al, 2014). The results of this investigation, however, contradict the findings of Newsome and Andrews (1993), who reported DDEs to be the major element of this group of pesticides; and attributed this to the continuous breakdown of DDT without a new influx of water bodies.…”

Studies on persistent organic pollutants residue in water, sediment and fish tissues of river Sutlej, India

“…These pesticides easily find their way into the aquatic environment through leaching and contaminate the ground as well as surface water (Mahboob et al, 2011). The long term use of these pesticides can cause their bio-magnification in the environment with detrimental effects based on concentration (Akhter et al, 2014).…”

Presence of selected organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in sediments and biota of River Satluj, Pakistan: first report

“…In 1954, pesticides were introduced in Pakistan, initially with formulation of 254 metric tons. In the end of 1960s and start of 1970s, tons and tons of these pesticides were purchased from Western Countries and America, while few of them, among organochlorines like DDT and benzene hexachloride (BHC) were made indigenously (Ahad et al, 2010;Eqani, 2011, Akhtar et al, 2014a.…”