Assessment of Oral Conditions and Quality of Life in Morbid Obese and Normal Weight Individuals: A Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

The aim of this study was to identify the impact of oral disease on the quality of life of morbid obese and normal weight individuals. Cohort was composed of 100 morbid-obese and 50 normal-weight subjects. Dental caries, community periodontal index, gingival bleeding on probing (BOP), calculus, probing pocket depth, clinical attachment level, dental wear, stimulated salivary flow, and salivary pH were used to evaluate oral diseases. Socioeconomic and the oral impacts on daily performances (OIDP) questionnaires showed the quality of life in both groups. Unpaired Student, Fisher’s Exact, Chi-Square, Mann-Whitney, and Multiple Regression tests were used (p<0.05). Obese showed lower socio-economic level than control group, but no differences were found considering OIDP. No significant differences were observed between groups considering the number of absent teeth, bruxism, difficult mastication, calculus, initial caries lesion, and caries. However, saliva flow was low, and the salivary pH was changed in the obese group. Enamel wear was lower and dentine wear was higher in obese. More BOP, insertion loss, and periodontal pocket, especially the deeper ones, were found in obese subjects. The regression model showed gender, smoking, salivary pH, socio-economic level, periodontal pocket, and periodontal insertion loss significantly associated to obesity. However, both OIDP and BOP did not show significant contribution to the model. The quality of life of morbid obese was more negatively influenced by oral disease and socio-economic factors than in normal weight subjects.

Comparisons of Fatty Acid Taste Detection Thresholds in People Who Are Lean vs. Overweight or Obese: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

“…Lower salivary flow rates have been observed in people with obesity [44–46] and it may be posited that this would diminish taste responses. However, other evidence indicates no difference in flow rates in people with and without obesity [47,48]. Both acute [17] and habitual [14] fat intake reportedly downregulate expression of NEFA receptors, which could reduce sensitivity, but evidence is based only on very preliminary data and, to be relevant, requires the unsubstantiated assumption that people with obesity necessarily select higher fat diets [21,49].…”

<p>Hubungan indeks massa tubuh (IMT) dan laju aliran saliva pada mahasiswa preklinik angkatan 2014-2016 Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Padjadjaran</p><p>Relationship between body mass index (BMI) and salivary flow rate amongst pre-clinical students of Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Padjadjaran batch 2014-2016</p>

“…5 Pada populasi obesitas ditemukan hubungan dengan kondisi oral seperti penyakit periodontal, karies, dan xerostomia. 6 Hubungan obesitas dengan penyakit periodontal terjadi akibat adanya adiposa yang berlebih yang menyebabkan tingginya sitokin sehingga memicu periodontisis. 7,8 Saliva berperan penting sebagai homeostasis oral.…”

Autologous platelet-rich fibrin stimulates canine periodontal regeneration

“…In addition to its local impact on the periodontium and oral hygiene, periodontitis has a significant systemic effect. Previous reports have demonstrated that periodontitis is associated with obesity, diabetes, low birth weight, osteoarthritis, and cardiovascular disease 4,5 . In periodontitis treatment, the aim of the first phase is to eliminate the infectious source by removing plaque and calculus.…”