Assessment of OLED displays for vision research

Cooper, Emily A.; Jiang, Hongru; Vildavski, Vladimir Y.; Farrell, Joyce E.; Norcia, Anthony M.

doi:10.1167/13.12.16

Cited by 50 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The mini-OLED screens of the goggles are linear in their luminance response 40 and exhibit pixel independence in image presentation. 41 Thus we would not expect any nonlinear effects due to the display equipment 42 in our study. …”

mentioning

confidence: 73%

Deficient Binocular Combination of Second-Order Stimuli in Amblyopia

Zhou

Liu

Feng

et al. 2016

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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Citation: Zhou J, Liu R, Feng L, Zhou Y, Hess RF. Deficient binocular combination of second-order stimuli in amblyopia. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2016;57:163557: -164257: . DOI:10.1167 PURPOSE. Sensory imbalances in humans with amblyopia have been well documented using luminance-modulated (first-order) stimuli. However, little is known regarding whether there is a deficient binocular combination in amblyopes for stimuli defined by modulations in contrast (second-order stimuli). To address this, we asked two questions: Does a sensory imbalance also exist in the binocular combination of second-order stimuli, and if so, is it more severe than that expected on the basis of the imbalance for first-order stimuli?METHODS. The sensory imbalances of 14 adult amblyopes (mean age: 30.5 6 11.5 years; 5 with strabismus and 9 without) were measured using a dichoptic phase combination task. Three types of second-order dichoptic stimulus pairs were used in the study, where the carriers in the two eyes were either correlated, anticorrelated, or uncorrelated. Results were compared with those obtained using first-order stimuli in all observers. RESULTS.We found that second-order binocular combination in amblyopes was not affected by the interocular carrier correlations. The amblyopic eye's contribution to the binocularly fused percept was much less than that of the nonamblyopic eye. The resulting sensory imbalance in binocular combination for second-order images was comparable to that for first-order images in 8 of the observers but was more severe in the other 6 amblyopes.CONCLUSIONS. These results indicate that amblyopia does not disrupt the normal architecture of binocular combination for second-order signals; however, there is an additional deficit in binocular combination of second-order image in some amblyopes that cannot be fully accounted for by the known first-order sensory imbalance.Keywords: amblyopia, suppression, second-order, contrast-gain control, sensory imbalance A mblyopia is a common disorder caused by abnormal visual development during childhood. [1][2][3] This makes amblyopia a unique model for investigating what factors are critical in early development. Normally, people with amblyopia have reduced visual function when viewing stimuli with their amblyopic eye, even when the appropriate optical correction is used. These deficits can include reduced visual acuity, reduced contrast sensitivity function, and spatiotemporal distortions. 3-8 Recently, imbalances in binocular function have been put forward as a possible primary factor in the disorder. [9][10][11] This has led to new binocular training therapies. 12-16 Such a sensory imbalance has been demonstrated in several paradigms, for example, local phase combination, 9,17 global motion coherence, 18 and global orientation coherence. 19 Even at low spatial frequencies where the two eyes have equivalent monocular visual thresholds, the amblyopic eye still makes less of a contribution to the binocularly fused percept than the nonamblyopic eye. 9,11,[17][18][19]...

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confidence: 73%

Deficient Binocular Combination of Second-Order Stimuli in Amblyopia

Zhou

Liu

Feng

et al. 2016

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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“…The biggest challenge for the OLED industry has been to increment the efficiency and lifetime of these devices in order to compete with the conventional LEDs and this aspiration has urged the technological research 7,8 . In laboratory, the OLED assembling process has been carried out in a glove-box system with controlled humidity and inert atmosphere to reduce these problems 9,10 .…”

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confidence: 99%

Low cost spinner developed for deposition of thin films used in OLED devices

Santos

Takahashi²,

Takimoto³

et al. 2018

RBAV

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This work aims the development of a compact spinner to be used inside the glove-box chamber to deposition of polymeric thin films used in the build of OLED devices. Initially, ten fans extracted of microcomputers were tested with commercial multi-voltage power supply. Four fans were selected based on the standard deviation of speed. A variable power supply was also built in order to get a more detailed response in terms of electrical current and speed in function of applied voltage. The fan that showed less variation of speed with applied voltage was selected for deposition tests using polymeric photoresist solution on the ITO (indium tin oxide) coated glass. This polymer was deposited by spin-coating at different speeds: 1000, 2000, 3000 and 4000 rpm and dried for the thicknesses measurement revealing good uniformity. Finally, three OLED devices were assembled with 2000 and 3000 rpm and the layers were dried under the same conditions. In the structure of the devices were used the materials deposited layer-by-layer: glass/ITO/PEDOT: PSS/Polyfluorene (PFpf)/Al. The OLED devices revealed blue light electroluminescence. The I-V curves showed better performance for OLED devices mounted at 2000 rpm with higher current density and similar appearance to the diode curve.

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“…Sua grande desvantagem é que se trata de uma tecnologia recente e, por isso, ainda possuem um alto custo no mercado. Cooper et al (2013), em especial, já apontam os monitores OLED como ótimos substitutos aos CRT.…”

Section: Os Monitores Modernos São Uma Boa Opção?unclassified

A escolha de software e hardware na psicolinguística: revisão e opinião

Sampaio

2017

RELIN

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Resumo: Nos últimos anos, diversos softwares foram criados para auxiliar a elaboração de experimentos em ciências cognitivas. A oferta de softwares de simples utilização deveria facilitar o trabalho dos iniciantes, porém, acabou trazendo novos problemas e dúvidas. Que software usar? Qual deles é o mais adequado ao meu estudo e por quê? Através de uma revisão sobre computação, linguagem de programação e técnicas de apresentação de estímulos visuais,1 este artigo pretende fomentar a discussão a respeito (i) dos diversos tipos de softwares para estimulação, (ii) da importância de conhecer os detalhes técnicos do hardware utilizado e (iii) da compatibilização hardware-software-método como uma variável a ser controlada durante o desenvolvimento do protocolo experimental. Palavras-chave: psicolinguística; ciências cognitivas; linguagens de programação; métodos. Abstract:In the last few years, several softwares have been designed to help the development of experiments in cognitive sciences. The offer of user friendly software would help beginners in their first tests. However, it brought new problems and questions. Which software should one use? Which one is more adequate for my research and why? The present paper brings a quick and panoramic review on computer science, programming languages and on the presentation of visual stimuli. Through these three topics, I intend to promote a discussion (i) on the main types of software Revista de Estudos da Linguagem, Belo Horizonte, v.25, n.3, p. 971-1010 for stimulation in cognitive sciences, (ii) on the importance of being attentive to the hardware specifications and (iii) on some compatibility issues between software-hardware-method as independent variables in our experiments. Keywords: psycholinguistics; cognitive sciences; programming languages; methods.Recebido em: 5 de dezembro de 2016.Aprovado em: 28 de março de 2017. IntroduçãoO trabalho a ser apresentado a seguir não irá apresentar uma hipótese para testá-la através do método experimental. Este é um artigo de métodos que tem por objetivo problematizar algumas questões rotineiras de um cientista cognitivo que trabalha com experimentação: o desenvolvimento de experimentos no computador.Primeiramente é preciso dizer que para elaborar um experimento no computador não é necessário ter um conhecimento muito avançado em computação. Existem diversos softwares especializados nesta tarefa tanto para usuários avançados quanto para os jovens cientistas em formação. Verba para software também não é necessariamente um problema. Para a maior parte dos experimentos, não precisamos desembolsar centenas de dólares para a aquisição de software proprietário, visto que existem diversas opções livres e com uma curva de aprendizagem bastante rápida. Ainda assim, por alguma razão, estes softwares não são tão difundidos entre os pesquisadores da área.A segunda questão que trago neste artigo é que, apesar da grande oferta de aplicações especializadas, não é aconselhável deixar toda a tarefa de comunicação entre usuário e máquina por conta do ...

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Assessment of OLED displays for vision research

Cited by 50 publications

References 23 publications

Deficient Binocular Combination of Second-Order Stimuli in Amblyopia

Deficient Binocular Combination of Second-Order Stimuli in Amblyopia

Low cost spinner developed for deposition of thin films used in OLED devices

A escolha de software e hardware na psicolinguística: revisão e opinião

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