Assessment of natural radioactivity and 137Cs in some coastal areas of the Saudi Arabian gulf

Al-Ghamdi, Hanan; Almuqrin, Aljawhara H.; El-Sharkawy, Ahmed

doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.01.058

Cited by 37 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The novelty of the results obtained in the current study is that it is a commentary to the recent studies bout radioactivity in Saudi Arabia Kingdom [19,20,21,22,23]. Where the building imparted some radiation dose to the human beings [21]; the average value of 222 Rn obtained in our current study agrees with that reported by Al-Ghamdi et al [24].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

Statistical analysis of 222Rn concentration in Zamzam and other water sources in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Aljaloud

El‐Batouti

2021

Heliyon

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In the present study, six water samples were collected from different locations in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and another sample from the Zamzam site in Makkah city. The concentration of the radioactive isotope 222 Rn was measured using the electronic radon detector (RAD7). The comparative analysis study on these samples showed that the average concentration value in all samples was 0.504Bq/L. The data analysis showed that the concentration of 222 Rn was ranged from 0.43 AE 0.06 Bq/L to 0.57 AE 0.060 Bq/L for all samples. These levels are below the contamination threshold (11.1 Bq/L) recommended by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Interestingly, Radon radioactivity levels were lower than those harmful to human health. The principal component analysis (PCA) using (SPSS version 15) was used to reduce the four variables influencing the 222 Rn activity concentration to two variables: temperature (correlation coefficient, R 2 : 0.984) and the relative humidity (RH%) (R 2 :-0.987). The increase in temperature reduces the solubility of 222 Rn gas activity water and facilitates its detection, whereas increased the RH% increases its solubility and decreases the detection level of 222 Rn activity concentration. The interaction between temperature and RH% does not affect the concentration of 222 Rn.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

Statistical analysis of 222Rn concentration in Zamzam and other water sources in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Aljaloud

El‐Batouti

2021

Heliyon

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“…19 Banyak penelitian yang telah dilakukan di seluruh dunia untuk menentukan status radiologis suatu wilayah dengan mengetahui aktivitas dari radionuklida di tanahdansedimen. [19][20][21][22] Beberapa penelitian di Indonesia dalam memperkirakan laju dosis dari lingkungan ke biota juga dilakukan menggunakan program ERICA Tools. 23 Penelitian untuk menentukan laju dosis radionuklida natural juga banyak dilakukan, antara lain yang dilakukan diwilyah Ierissos Gulf, North Aegean Sea, Greece, dengan menggunakan ERICA Tools sebagai perangkat lunaknya.…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

“…Jika tidak, dosis pajanan terhadap populasi akan melebihi batas yang dapat diterima. [19][20][21][22]…”

Section: Penentuan Parameter Dampak Radiologisunclassified

Penilaian Dampak Bahaya Radiologis terhadap Radionuklida Natural di Pesisir Pulau Bengkalis

Makmur

Prihatiningsih

Yahya

2019

JKLI

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Latar belakang : Radionuklida natural ditemukan hampir di semua media lingkungan, dan di lingkungan laut terdeteksi cukup tinggi karena adanya proses erosi, pelapukan dan daur ulang mineralyang mengalami perpindahan melalui badan air. Radionuklida natural tersebutdapat berpindah ke berbagai media, termasuk ke manusia melalui rantai makanan.Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk memberikan informasi dasar mengenai tingkat radioaktivitas di lingkungan perairan laut di Pesisir Pulau Bengkalis dan melakukan penilaian dampak bahaya radiologis melalui aktivitas ekuivalen radium (Raeq) dan indeks bahaya eksternal (Hex)serta laju dosis eksternal dari radionuklida natural.Metode: Metode deskriptif digunakan dalam penelitian ini dan metode pengambilan sample sedimen menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Sampelsedimen dikumpulkan dari 6 titik pengambilan sampel di pesisir Pulau Bengkalis, menggunakan sediment grab. Sampel kemudian dikeringkan dan dihomogenkan kemudian ditimbang sebanyak 1 kg. Pengukuran aktivitas radionuklida dilakukan menggunakan spektrometri gama dengan waktu cacah selama 3 hari. Aktivitas 226Ra ditentukan berdasarkan emisi sinar gamma 214Pb dan 214Bi. Aktivtias 232Th ditentukan berdasarkan emisi 212Pb dan 228Ac dan 40K ditentukan dari emisi pada 1461,8 keV. Hasil analisis akan digunakan untuk menghitung dampak radiologis di lingkungan mengunakan ekuivalen aktivitas radium dan indeks bahaya eksternal.Hasil: Aktivitas rata-rata berturut turut 56,45 ; 31,34 ; 26,04 ; 33,19 ; 30,00 dan 185,49 Bq/kg untuk radio nuklida226Ra, 212Pb, 214Pb, 214Bi, 228Ac dan 40K. Aktivitas terukur mempunyai kisaran nilai yang berdekatan dengan pengukuran di beberapa negara.Penghitungan nilai aktivitas ekuivalen radium (Raeq) berkisar dari 82,61 - 138 Bq/kg dan tidak melebihi nilai yang ditetapkan oleh ICRP (1990) dan OECD (179) yaitu sebesar 370 Bq/kg. Nilai indeks bahaya eksternal (Hex) masih dibawah 1, dengan nilai rata rata sebesar 0,31, dan laju dosis dari radionuklida natural sebesar 37,175 nGy/h.Simpulan:Aktivitas radionuklida natural di pesisirPulauBengkalismempunyai kisaran nilai yang berdekatan dengan pengukuran di beberapa Negara. Nilai aktivitas ekuivalen radium (Raeq) Yang terukur tidak melebihi nilai yang ditetapkan oleh ICRP (1990) dan OECD (179). Nilai indeks bahaya eksternal (Hex) masih dibawah 1, dan laju dosis yang diserap lingkungan dari radionuklida natural masih dibawah nilai rata rata dunia. Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa parameter radiologis radionuklida natural dalam sedimen di pesisir Pulau Bengkalis berada dalam batas yang dapat diterima. AbstractTitle : --Background: Natural radionuclides are found in almost all environmental media, and in the marine compartment have been detected relative high due to the process of erosion, weathering and recycling of minerals that come trough the water bodies. Radionuclides can move to various media, including to the humans through the food chain. This research was conducted to provide baseline information about the activity of radioactivity in the marine environment of the Bengkalis Island Coast and conduct radiological hazard impact assessments through equivalent radium (Raeq) and external hazard index (Hex) and external dose rates of natural radionuclides.Method: Descriptive methods were used in this study and the sediment sampling method used a purposive sampling method. Sediment samples were collected from 6 sampling points on the coast of Bengkalis Island, using sediment grab. The samples were then dried, homogenized and weighed 1 kg. Measurement of radionuclide activity was carried out using gamma spectrometry with counting time for 3 days. The 226Ra activity is determined based on 214Pb and 214Bi gamma ray emissions. The 232Th activity was determined based on 212Pb and 228Ac and 40K emissions determined from emissions at 1461.8 keV. The results of the analysis will be used to calculate the radiological impact in the environment using equivalent radium activity and external hazard index.Results: The average activity are 56.45; 31.34; 26.04; 33.19; 30.00 and 185.49 Bq/kg for radionuclides 226Ra, 212Pb, 214Pb, 214Bi, 228Ac and 40K respectively. The value of this activity comparable withthe activities in several countries.The calculation of radium equivalent activity (Raeq) values ranges from 82.61 - 138 Bq / kg and does not exceed the value 370 Bq / kg by ICRP (1990) and OECD (179). The external hazard index value (Hex) is still below 1, with an average value of 0.31, and the dose rate of natural radionuclides is 37,175 nGy / h.Conclusion: Natural radionuclide activity on the coast of Bengkalis Island has a range of values adjacent to measurements in several countries. The measured value of radium (Raeq) activity does not exceed the value set by ICRP (1990) and OECD (179). The external hazard index value (Hex) is still below 1, and the absorbed dose rate of natural radionuclides is still below the world average value. Thus, it can be concluded that the radiological parameters of natural radionuclides in sediments on the coast of Bengkalis Island are within acceptable limits.

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“…The main target of this study was to assess the radiological hazards from the natural and man-made (if detected) radioactivity in these regions through the estimation of the absorbed dose rate from external gamma radiation at one meter above the ground, the annual effective dose rate and the external hazard index using the formulas reported in literature [12,18], as shown in table 3.…”

Section: Radiological Hazardsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 2016, a radiological monitoring has been carried out along the Saudi Arabian Gulf coast from the Half-moon Bay to Al Jubail, with a total distance of 170 km. The average activity concentrations of 226 Ra, 228 Ra and 40 K in the beach sand samples were 11.3, 6.7 and 153.8 Bq/kg respectively[18].Table 2presents a comparison of the reported results of the activity concentrations of 226 Ra, 228 Ra and 40 K in marine sediments from different regions.…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

Radiological Monitoring in Some Coastal Regions of the Saudi Arabian Gulf

Al-Zahrani¹,

Almuqrin²,

H³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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This research work has been done mainly to determine the natural radioactivity levels and the anthropogenic radionuclides (if detected) in seawater and beach sand in three selected regions; Khafji, Safaniyah and Menifah along the Saudi Arabian Gulf coast, for their closeness to the Iranian Bushehr nuclear plant and the presence of nearby non-nuclear activities (oil fields). The activity concentrations of the analyzed natural radioisotopes 226Ra, 228Ra and 40K in beach sand and seawater samples were all lower than the corresponding world average values. The anthropogenic radionuclides 137Cs and 241Am were not detected in all samples by the high efficiency germanium detector. Radiological hazards were quantified by the estimation of the absorbed dose rate, the annual effective dose and the external hazard index. On the basis of the current findings, we may conclude that the radioactivity levels in these marine Gulf Coastal regions don’t pose any radiological hazards to the public.

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Assessment of natural radioactivity and 137Cs in some coastal areas of the Saudi Arabian gulf

Cited by 37 publications

References 16 publications

Statistical analysis of 222Rn concentration in Zamzam and other water sources in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Statistical analysis of 222Rn concentration in Zamzam and other water sources in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Penilaian Dampak Bahaya Radiologis terhadap Radionuklida Natural di Pesisir Pulau Bengkalis

Radiological Monitoring in Some Coastal Regions of the Saudi Arabian Gulf

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