Assessment of milk quality using novel mutations of<i>B2M</i>gene in bovine DNA from milk

Liu, Yongfeng; Liao, Jing; Ting, Ku; Li, Xiaoling; Sheppard, Allan

doi:10.1080/19476337.2017.1394367

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…In beef cattle, 12 mutations in the B2M gene were associated with changes in milk protein and IgG, which led to an elevated SCC (Clawson et al, 2004;Sanchez et al, 2004). A recent study by Liu et al (2018) also found that 5 mutations were present in the B2M gene associated with milk protein and SCC in Chinese Holstein dairy cows. In our study, this gene was overexpressed in the mastitic group (FC = 2.62) in comparison to the healthy group.…”

Section: Identification Of Functional Candidates Associated With Immune Processes Among Highly Differently Expressed Genesmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The B2M gene was DE between healthy and mastitic groups. The B2M gene is known to be associated with BoLA and multiple immune regulatory mechanisms of defense toward internal or invasive threats (Liu et al, 2018). The B2M protein is classically known for its noncovalent association with class I BoLA, which present endogenous antigens associated with cancerous cells and viral-infected cell CD8+ T-lymphocytes that subsequently kill the cell (Behl et al, 2012).…”

Section: Identification Of Functional Candidates Associated With Immune Processes Among Highly Differently Expressed Genesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genetic mechanisms regulating the host response during mastitis

Asselstine

Miglior

Suárez-Vega

et al. 2019

Journal of Dairy Science

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Mastitis is a very costly and common disease in the dairy industry. The study of the transcriptome from healthy and mastitic milk somatic cell samples using RNA-Sequencing technology can provide measurements of transcript levels associated with the immune response to the infection. The objective of this study was to characterize the Holstein milk somatic cell transcriptome from 6 cows to determine host response to intramammary infections. RNA-Sequencing was performed on 2 samples from each cow from 2 separate quarters, one classified as healthy (n = 6) and one as mastitic (n = 6). In total, 449 genes were differentially expressed between the healthy and mastitic quarters (false discovery rate <0.05, fold change >±2). Among the differentially expressed genes, the most expressed genes based on reads per kilobase per million mapped reads (RPKM) in the healthy group were associated with milk components (CSN2 and CSN3), and in the mastitic group they were associated with immunity (B2M and CD74). In silico functional analysis was performed using the list of 449 differentially expressed genes, which identified 36 significantly enriched metabolic pathways (false discovery rate <0.01), some of which were associated with the immune system, such as cytokine-cytokine interaction and cell adhesion molecules. Seven functional candidate genes were selected, based on the criteria of being highly differentially expressed between healthy and mastitic groups and significantly enriched in metabolic pathways that are relevant to the inflammatory process (GLYCAM1, B2M, CD74, BoLA-DRA, FCER1G, SDS, and NFK-BIA). Last, we identified the differentially expressed genes that are located in quantitative trait locus regions previously known to be associated with mastitis, specifically clinical mastitis, somatic cell count, and somatic cell score. It was concluded that multiple genes within quantitative trait locus regions could potentially affect host response to mastitis-causing agents, making some cows more susceptible to intramammary infections. The identification of potential candidate genes with functional, statistical, biological, and positional relevance associated with host defense to infection will contribute to a better understanding of the underlying genetic architecture associated with mastitis. This in turn will improve the sustainability of agricultural practices by facilitating the selection of cows with improved host defense leading to increased resistance to mastitis.

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Section: Identification Of Functional Candidates Associated With Immune Processes Among Highly Differently Expressed Genesmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Identification Of Functional Candidates Associated With Immune Processes Among Highly Differently Expressed Genesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic mechanisms regulating the host response during mastitis

Asselstine

Miglior

Suárez-Vega

et al. 2019

Journal of Dairy Science

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“…Beta-2microglobulin (B2M) is involved in the modulation of the immune system, the stimulation of melanocytes, the function of the kidney, and inflammatory diseases. 19 Action map analysis revealed that among the 55 studied genes, 20 individuals participated in the network. Three kinds of actions including expression, activation, and inhibition were investigated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Principal Role of Several Members of HLA and IRF Genes in Prevention of Oral Mucositis After Chemoradiotherapy

et al. 2021

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Introduction: One of the chemoradiotherapy (CRT) side effects is oral mucositis (OM). Since photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) is a public method for the repair process, in the present study the mechanism of PBMT in the prevention of OM is investigated via the bioinformatics approach. Methods: Six validated and significant differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with the prevention of OM in head and neck cancer (HNC) patients who had experienced CRT were extracted from the literature. After adding 50 neighbors from STRING, the network was constructed and analyzed. The results of the action map and network analysis were compared and discussed. Results: HLA gene family were identified as central nodes of the analyzed network. Based on action map finding, activation is prominent action and IRF9 was the potent activator. The role of the IRF gene family was highlighted by action map analysis. Conclusion: Regulation of the immune system by HLA and IRF genes family is a crucial factor in the prevention of OM in the studied patients.

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“…The most highly expressed gene among the significant DEG in the GIN-exposed sheep, in LPB and HPB groups, when compared to controls, was B2M. The B2M gene encodes a protein that associates with the class I MHC alpha chain, which is involved in presenting endogenous antigens to cytotoxic CD8 + T-cell (Liu et al, 2018). This is an important pathogen-recognition mechanism that ensures a host immune response to potential internal threats (Venturina et al, 2013).…”

Section: Differentially Expressed Genes Between Exposed and Unexposed...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying hepatic genes regulating the ovine response to gastrointestinal nematodes using RNA-Sequencing

Dixon

Karrow²,

Borkowski³

et al. 2023

Front. Genet.

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Gastrointestinal nematode (GIN) infections are considered the most important disease of grazing sheep and due to increasing anthelmintic resistance, chemical control alone is inadequate. Resistance to Gastrointestinal nematode infection is a heritable trait, and through natural selection many sheep breeds have higher resistance. Studying the transcriptome from GIN-exposed and GIN-unexposed sheep using RNA-Sequencing technology can provide measurements of transcript levels associated with the host response to Gastrointestinal nematode infection, and these transcripts may harbor genetic markers that can be used in selective breeding programs to enhance disease resistance. The objective of this study was to compare liver transcriptomes of sheep naturally exposed to Gastrointestinal nematode s, with either high or low parasite burdens, to GIN-unexposed control sheep in order to identify key regulator genes and biological processes associated with Gastrointestinal nematode infection. Differential gene expression analysis revealed no significant differentially expressed genes (DEG) between sheep with a high or low parasite burden (p-value ≤0.01; False Discovery Rate (FDR) ≤ 0.05; and Fold-Change (FC) of > ±2). However, when compared to the control group, low parasite burden sheep showed 146 differentially expressed genes (64 upregulated and 82 downregulated in the low parasite burden group relative to the control), and high parasite burden sheep showed 159 differentially expressed genes (57 upregulated and 102 downregulated in the low parasite burden group relative to the control) (p-value ≤0.01; FDR ≤0.05; and FC of > ±2). Among these two lists of significant differentially expressed genes, 86 differentially expressed genes (34 upregulated, 52 downregulated in the parasited group relative to the control) were found in common between the two parasite burden groups compared to the control (GIN-unexposed sheep). Functional analysis of these significant 86 differentially expressed genes found upregulated genes involved in immune response and downregulated genes involved in lipid metabolism. Results of this study offer insight into the liver transcriptome during natural Gastrointestinal nematode exposure that helps provide a better understanding of the key regulator genes involved in Gastrointestinal nematode infection in sheep.

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Assessment of milk quality using novel mutations ofB2Mgene in bovine DNA from milk

Cited by 5 publications

References 27 publications

Genetic mechanisms regulating the host response during mastitis

Genetic mechanisms regulating the host response during mastitis

The Principal Role of Several Members of HLA and IRF Genes in Prevention of Oral Mucositis After Chemoradiotherapy

Identifying hepatic genes regulating the ovine response to gastrointestinal nematodes using RNA-Sequencing

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