Assessment of metal(loid) concentrations using diffusive gradient thin (DGT) films in marine, freshwater and wetland aquatic ecosystems impacted by industrial effluents

Chaudhary, Meenakshi; Quanz, Meaghan; Williams, Jim; Maltby, Ella A.; Oakes, Ken D.; Spooner, Ian; Walker, Tony R.

doi:10.1016/j.cscee.2020.100041

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Bioavailable metal (loid) and THg concentrations were low and Me-Hg concentrations were below detection levels across all sites. Results suggest that ecological risk to aquatic organisms was low (Chaudhary et al 2020b). Low TOC in WL3 may be related to shallow depths increasing the effects of water currents and wind-induced wave action on sediment resuspension (Soto et al 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…However, this could not be tested as insufficient tissue for analysis was collected from WL3 for analysis. To help address the lack of tissue samples to determine metal contaminant bioavailability a concurrent study by Chaudhary et al (2020b) used in situ diffusive gradient thin (DGT) films. DGTs were used to measure metal (loid), THg and Me-Hg concentrations within 5 cm of the sediment/water interface in marine and freshwater sites (including wetlands) to help with site characterization.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sediment and surface water samples were collected, and several metal and PCDD/PCDF exceedances were found (GHD 2018). In 2019, contaminant concentrations were measured using diffuse gradient in thin film samplers in select wetlands around the Boat Harbour Treatment Facility (Chaudhary et al 2020b). In 2019, additional sampling was done for a Human Health and Environmental Risk Assessment (HHERA), including sediment, surface water and biological media (GHD 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Contaminant characterization in wetland media surrounding a pulp mill industrial effluent treatment facility

Quanz

Walker

Oakes

et al. 2021

Wetlands Ecol Manage

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Three media (sediment, surface water, and dragonfly larvae tissue) were collected from wetlands surrounding an industrial effluent treatment facility prior to closure. Samples were analyzed for metals, total mercury, and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDD/PCDF) concentrations. Sediment and surface water concentrations were compared to provincial and federal guidelines, as well as reference wetland concentrations. Exceedances of arsenic, cadmium, chromium, copper, zinc, and PCDD/PCDF guidelines were found in deeper areas of wetlands historically contaminated from effluent, as well as wetlands exposed to current effluent inputs. Composite Libellulidae samples were collected from wetlands, and comparisons were made to reference tissue concentrations + 20%. Elevated As, Cu and Pb tissue concentrations were measured at two site wetlands, but total mercury (THg) and PCDD/PCDF reference tissue concentrations were higher than wetlands near the effluent treatment facility. Spearman rho tests identified a significant correlation between sediment and tissue Pb concentrations and between surface water and sediment THg concentrations. Results suggest relatively low ecological risk to macroinvertebrates within wetlands near the effluent treatment facility from current effluent inputs, and highlight strengths and weaknesses of federal and provincial guidelines.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Contaminant characterization in wetland media surrounding a pulp mill industrial effluent treatment facility

Quanz

Walker

Oakes

et al. 2021

Wetlands Ecol Manage

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“…The total volume of in‐place contaminated sediment on‐site is approximately 1,244,000 m 3 , originating from contaminated raw effluent discharge into ditches, twin settling basins, ASB, Boat Harbour, existing disposal cell, estuary, and wetlands. Remediation of sediment is primarily required due to contamination with metals and D/Fs (Chaudhary et al, 2020a, 2020b; Hoffman et al, 2017, 2019). Surface water from the ASB, Boat Harbour, and estuary will also require remediation due to high metal concentrations (GHD, 2018a, 2018b).…”

Section: Site Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of remedial options for the Boat Harbour remediation project in Nova Scotia, Canada

Eichinger

Walker

2020

Remediation Journal

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Boat Harbour, located in Pictou County, Nova Scotia, Canada has been receiving industrial effluent wastewater from a nearby kraft pulp mill and chlor-alkali plant for over 50 years. Before receiving industrial effluent wastewater, the tidal estuary was culturally significant to the nearby Pictou Landing First Nation community. The tidal estuary was known for its medicinal, recreational, ceremonial, and subsistence functions. Formally a 140-ha natural tidal estuary, raw industrial wastewater was discharged into Boat Harbour beginning in 1967. Since inception, effluent treatment has undergone several upgrades in aeration capacity within the Boat Harbour Effluent Treatment Facility (BHETF) until the cessation of effluent discharge in 2020. Fifty years of industrial wastewater effluent discharge has resulted in widespread inorganic and organic contamination of unconsolidated sediments and surface water. Primary contaminants of concern include metals, dioxins and furans, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. The province of Nova Scotia has committed to the remediation of the BHETF, estimated to cost over $292 million CAD. The goal of the remediation program is to return Boat Harbour to its natural state as a tidal estuary to restore the historical, traditional, and recreational uses of the land. Remediation components and alternatives were rated based on technical (26%), environmental (24%), economic (22%), social (14%), and regulatory (14%) weighted indicators. Criteria weighting for the five indicator categories was determined collaboratively with stakeholders. For each design component of remediation, a list of approaches was developed along with subsequent alternatives. Approaches and alternatives were screened to eliminate options that were not technically feasible or did not align with remediation goals. The remaining feasible concepts underwent detailed review and evaluation to select Qualified Remedial Options to be shared with stakeholders for input. 1 | INTRODUCTION Boat Harbour, recognized as one of Canada's most contaminated sites, is located in Pictou County, Nova Scotia (Province of Nova Scotia, 2020). The harbor was originally a 140-ha tidal estuary, known in Mi'kmaq as A'se'k, that flowed into the Northumberland Strait (Chaudhary, Walker, et al., 2020b; GHD, 2018a; Romo et al., 2019). In 1967, raw untreated industrial wastewater effluent from a bleached kraft pulp mill was discharged into Boat Harbour. Upgrades in 1972 by the province of Nova Scotia resulted in the construction of the Boat Harbour Effluent Treatment Facility (BHETF) to treat industrial wastewater effluent originating from a bleached kraft pulp mill and chlor-alkali plant (Hoffman et al., 2015). The bleached kraft pulp mill operated from

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“…This technique requires a specially designed passive sampler containing a binding gel, spreading gel, and membrane filter (Zhang and Davidson, 1999). water (Budasheva et al, 2019;Chaudhary et al, 2020) The element or compound passes through the membrane filter and diffusive gel and is rapidly assimilated by the binding gel. Post-dispensing analysis of the binding gel can be used to determine the bulk solution concentration of the element or compound in a simple equation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring of Heavy Metal Pollution in Water and Sediments at the Mid-Black Sea Region by Using Passive Sampling Method Diffusive Gradients in Thin Films

Şimşek

Sancak

Bakan

2021

Turkish JAF Sci.Tech.

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Determining the potential bioavailability of heavy metals, evaluating according to adapted regulations is essential to efficiently conserve our coastal and estuarine waters. In this study, it is aimed to determine the industrial pollution and various other pollution sources that the Black Sea Basin is exposed to by using DGT (Diffusive Gradients in Thin Films) method and grab (manuel) sampling method in water and sediment and to evaluate the existing pollution according to quality standards. In Samsun, seasonal samples were collected from five different sampling stations, namely Akkiraz Stream, Hıdırellez Stream, Organized Industrial Zone (OIZ) Channel, Şabanoğlu Stream and Selyeri Stream, which are selected from Tekkeköy region where industry is intensively active. In order to determine the heavy metal content in both water and sediment samples, the DGT method was chosen for passive sampling and the grab sampling method was used for active sampling, and the efficiency of the methods was evaluated. According to the results of the study, the heavy metal concentration in grab sampling for water samples in descending order Al> Fe> Zn> Pb> Ni> Cu; In the samples taken with DGT, they are listed as Al> Fe> Zn> Cu> Ni> Pb. There were significant relationships between the total metal concentrations of sediment (Csed) and water (Csu) in grab sampling and metal concentrations sediment (Csed-DGT) and water (Csu-DGT) measured by DGT. It was found that the sensitivity and performance of sampling with DGT was 2-10 times higher compared to grab sampling. The high resolution in situ DGT technique for the assessment and management of the potential release risk of heavy metals at the water-sediment interface is a complementary method that contributes to the standard grab sampling method.

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Assessment of metal(loid) concentrations using diffusive gradient thin (DGT) films in marine, freshwater and wetland aquatic ecosystems impacted by industrial effluents

Cited by 10 publications

References 24 publications

Contaminant characterization in wetland media surrounding a pulp mill industrial effluent treatment facility

Contaminant characterization in wetland media surrounding a pulp mill industrial effluent treatment facility

Review of remedial options for the Boat Harbour remediation project in Nova Scotia, Canada

Monitoring of Heavy Metal Pollution in Water and Sediments at the Mid-Black Sea Region by Using Passive Sampling Method Diffusive Gradients in Thin Films

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