A detailed study was conducted in order to evaluate the effects of heavy metal pollution in the sediments in terms of environmental, ecological and human health. Sediment samples were collected from 5 different points in two seasons, namely summer (August 2017) and winter (December 2017), to determine the distribution of heavy metals, potential pollutants, toxic and ecological risks in the river sediments in Samsun -Tekkeköy district located in the Mid-Black Sea Region of Turkey and to evaluate the human health risk. The distribution of heavy metals at the sampling points was Fe > Al > Mn > Zn > Cu > Cr > Ni > Pb > Cd based on their averages. According to the toxic risk index (TRI) results, sampling point OIZ (Organized Industrial Zone) Channel (T3) was also found to have a moderate risk, and it was determined that the highest contribution was from Cu > Ni > Cd > Cr, respectively. Potential ecological risk (PERI) results revealed a low risk except for Cd metal at all sampling points. While the sediment enrichment factor (EF) did not show much metallization at many points, the highest enrichment was observed in Cd, Cu, and Zn metals and at sampling point T3. According to the geoaccumulation index (I geo ) and contamination factor (C F ), sampling point T3 showed contamination with Cd, Cu, Cr, and Zn. Evaluation of human health risk showed that the hazard index (HI) results of carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks were higher among children than adults. The total lifetime cancer risks (TLCR) of heavy metals were within the limits determined by USEPA. However, the risk was ranked as Cr > Cd > Pb. Sediment Quality Guidelines (SQG) and pollution index results showed that heavy metal contamination was due to anthropogenic and industrial activities since the region was an industrial zone. It was determined that heavy metals posed ecological risks and that Samsun-Tekkeköy region was moderately and signi cantly contaminated.

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Determining the potential bioavailability of heavy metals, evaluating according to adapted regulations is essential to efficiently conserve our coastal and estuarine waters. In this study, it is aimed to determine the industrial pollution and various other pollution sources that the Black Sea Basin is exposed to by using DGT (Diffusive Gradients in Thin Films) method and grab (manuel) sampling method in water and sediment and to evaluate the existing pollution according to quality standards. In Samsun, seasonal samples were collected from five different sampling stations, namely Akkiraz Stream, Hıdırellez Stream, Organized Industrial Zone (OIZ) Channel, Şabanoğlu Stream and Selyeri Stream, which are selected from Tekkeköy region where industry is intensively active. In order to determine the heavy metal content in both water and sediment samples, the DGT method was chosen for passive sampling and the grab sampling method was used for active sampling, and the efficiency of the methods was evaluated. According to the results of the study, the heavy metal concentration in grab sampling for water samples in descending order Al> Fe> Zn> Pb> Ni> Cu; In the samples taken with DGT, they are listed as Al> Fe> Zn> Cu> Ni> Pb. There were significant relationships between the total metal concentrations of sediment (Csed) and water (Csu) in grab sampling and metal concentrations sediment (Csed-DGT) and water (Csu-DGT) measured by DGT. It was found that the sensitivity and performance of sampling with DGT was 2-10 times higher compared to grab sampling. The high resolution in situ DGT technique for the assessment and management of the potential release risk of heavy metals at the water-sediment interface is a complementary method that contributes to the standard grab sampling method.

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Karadeniz Bölgesi’nin en büyük akarsularından olan Kızılırmak ve Yeşilırmak, havza alanlarındaki insan aktiviteleri, tarım ve hayvancılık faaliyetleri nedeniyle kirletici faktörlerin yoğun baskısı altındadır. Bu kirletici etkilerin belirlenmesi için Orta Karadeniz Bölgesi, Samsun’da yer alan Kızılırmak ve Yeşilırmak nehirlerinin fizikokimyasal özelliklerinin ve su kalitesinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Ekim 2018 ve Ağustos 2019 olmak üzere dört mevsim olacak şekilde örnekleme çalışmaları yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada elde edilen sonuçlar Yerüstü Su Kalitesi Yönetmeliği (YSKY) ne göre ve mevsimsel olarak Su Kalite İndeksine (WQI) göre değerlendirilmiştir. İstatiksel olarak veriler arasında farklılıklar için bağımsız t-testi, parametreler arasındaki ilişkinin belirlenmesi için pearson korelasyon indeksi (PCI), kirletici kaynaklarının belirlenmesi için temel bileşen analizi (TBA/FA) uygulanmıştır. TBA/FA ya göre dört faktör tüm faktörlerin %90,118 ni oluşturmuştur. YSKY’ne göre Kızılırmak I. ve II. sınıf, Yeşilırmak ise II.ve III. sınıf su kalite özelliği taşımaktadır. WQI sonuçlarına göre Kızılırmak ilkbahar mevsiminde “zayıf”, Yeşilırmak ise sadece kış mevsiminde “iyi” diğer tüm mevsimlerde zayıf ve çok zayıf su kalite özelliği taşımaktadır. Sonuçlar Kızılırmak’ın içme, sulama ve endüstriyel kullanım için uygun, Yeşilırmak’ın ise sadece sulama amaçlı kullanım açısından uygun olduğunu göstermiştir.