Assessment of Level of Depression and Associated Factors among COVID-19-Recovered Patients: a Cross-Sectional Study

Khatun, Khadeza; Farhana, Nasreen

doi:10.1128/spectrum.04651-22

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Post-covid-19 condition in Mexican healthcare personnel Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRSD) is a validated asses in Spanish (Cronbach's alpha of 0.92), which evaluate the severity of depressive symptoms such as no depression (0-6) and scores indicate mild depression (7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17), moderate (18-24) and severe (>24) depression. Furthermore, include somatic symptoms, vegetative, cognitive and anxiety symptoms.…”

Section: Research Originalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety (HARS) is a validated version with permitted to assess the severity of anxiety symptoms (Cronbach's alpha of 0.89. ); mild anxiety (6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17); moderate anxiety (18-24); severe anxiety (25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30) and very severe anxiety . It consists of 14 items, evaluating psychological and somatic symptoms, which include anxious mood, tension, fears, insomnia, cognition, depressed mood, somatic and autonomic symptoms.…”

Section: Research Originalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to Takao et al, a study observed psychiatric sequelae (such as concentration difficulty, cognitive dysfunction, amnesia, depression, fatigue, and anxiety) within the next year in 52.7% of patients who suffered acute COVID-19 6,7 . In addition, 31% out of 325 patients who recovered from COVID-19, and evaluated with the PHQ-9 scale, showed symptoms of depression: 87.8% of them had mild depression, 8.1% moderate depression, and 4% severe depression 8 . Thus, prolonged symptoms and neuropsychiatric state (anxious, depressive symptoms, and sleep disorders) are known as post-acute COVID-19 syndrome (PACS) 9,10 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neuropsychiatric symptoms of post-COVID-19 condition in Mexican healthcare personnel.

Ruiz-Ramos,

Alonso-García,

Salazar-Rifka

et al. 2023

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Objective: The aim of the present study was to identify anxiety and depression in health personnel who suffered COVID-19, and to associate them with blood inflammatory markers. Materials and methods: The design of this study was descriptive and cross-sectional. We evaluated 51 healthcare workers who survived COVID-19 disease with Hamilton scales for anxiety and depression, also we calculated inflammatory markers (systemic immune-inflammation index, SII; monocyte lymphocyte ratio, MLR; platelet lymphocyte ratio, PLR; and neutrophil lymphocyte ratio, NLR) using blood venous samples. This study was carried out from August 2021 to December 2022. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS v. 26. Results: Our study included 51 healthcare personnel, females (n=29) and males (n=22). The mean age was 40.54 ± 11.00 years. The most frequent acute symptoms for COVID-19 presented were dysgeusia (n=20), anosmia (n=18), and headache (n=17). The most common comorbidities were overweight (n=24), obesity (n=22), and hypertension (n=11). According to the Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety (HARS) and Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression Rating (HRSD) we identify anxiety and depression in 72.5% (n=37) and 51% (n=26) within the health personnel, respectively. Conclusions: In our study, we observed a high frequency of anxiety and depression in healthcare workers with post COVID-19 condition. However, we did not observe an association between inflammatory markers (NLR, PLR, MLR, and SII) with anxiety and depression in health personnel post-COVID-19. We suggest follow-up assessments in healthcare personnel with post-COVID-19 condition, to evaluate if mixed emotional disorders persist. Keywords: Anxiety; Depression; Mental disorders; Inflammation; COVID-19.

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Section: Research Originalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Research Originalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neuropsychiatric symptoms of post-COVID-19 condition in Mexican healthcare personnel.

Ruiz-Ramos,

Alonso-García,

Salazar-Rifka

et al. 2023

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Prevalence and factors associated with depression and anxiety among patients recovered from COVID-19: a cross-sectional study in a tertiary care hospital in Nepal

Rai,

Karmacharya,

Gautam

et al. 2024

bmjph

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IntroductionCOVID-19 has immensely affected the mental health of all people with prominent effects among the COVID-19 survivors who underwent hospitalisation. The evidence of the long-term mental health implications among the recovered COVID-19 patients remains unknown in Nepal. The study aimed to determine the prevalence of depression and anxiety and the associated factors among COVID-19 recovered patients.MethodsAn analytical cross-sectional study was conducted from May to August 2021 among 269 COVID-19 recovered patients admitted to Dhulikhel Hospital during the first wave (July 2020 to January 2021), and second wave (April 2021 to July 2021) of the COVID-19 pandemic. Anxiety and depression of the participants were assessed using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the factors associated with anxiety and depression.ResultsThe prevalence of anxiety and depression were 38.66% (95% CI 32.99 to 44.65), and 30.48% (95% CI 25.24 to 36.28), respectively. Participants who received COVID-19 related information from the radio reported higher levels of anxiety and depression symptoms. Similarly, stigma, and being a health worker were significantly associated with a higher level of anxiety and depression symptoms, respectively. However, social support and long recovery duration were protective factors against anxiety and depression symptoms. Participants receiving a higher level of social support and having a recovery duration of 3–6 months, 7 months and more reported lower odds of anxiety and depression symptoms, respectively.ConclusionsThe greater prevalence of anxiety and depression symptoms among recovered COVID-19 patients highlights the need to design and implement appropriate mental health interventions. This could be done through psychosocial support and counselling services in health facilities, mental health service in emergency situation and post-discharge rehabilitation programmes.

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The global prevalence of depression, anxiety, and sleep disorder among patients coping with Post COVID-19 syndrome (long COVID): a systematic review and meta-analysis

Seighali,

Abdollahi,

Shafiee

et al. 2024

BMC Psychiatry

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Background Post COVID-19 syndrome, also known as "Long COVID," is a complex and multifaceted condition that affects individuals who have recovered from SARS-CoV-2 infection. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to comprehensively assess the global prevalence of depression, anxiety, and sleep disorder in individuals coping with Post COVID-19 syndrome. Methods A rigorous search of electronic databases was conducted to identify original studies until 24 January 2023. The inclusion criteria comprised studies employing previously validated assessment tools for depression, anxiety, and sleep disorders, reporting prevalence rates, and encompassing patients of all age groups and geographical regions for subgroup analysis Random effects model was utilized for the meta-analysis. Meta-regression analysis was done. Results The pooled prevalence of depression and anxiety among patients coping with Post COVID-19 syndrome was estimated to be 23% (95% CI: 20%—26%; I2 = 99.9%) based on data from 143 studies with 7,782,124 participants and 132 studies with 9,320,687 participants, respectively. The pooled prevalence of sleep disorder among these patients, derived from 27 studies with 15,362 participants, was estimated to be 45% (95% CI: 37%—53%; I2 = 98.7%). Subgroup analyses based on geographical regions and assessment scales revealed significant variations in prevalence rates. Meta-regression analysis showed significant correlations between the prevalence and total sample size of studies, the age of participants, and the percentage of male participants. Publication bias was assessed using Doi plot visualization and the Peters test, revealing a potential source of publication bias for depression (p = 0.0085) and sleep disorder (p = 0.02). However, no evidence of publication bias was found for anxiety (p = 0.11). Conclusion This systematic review and meta-analysis demonstrate a considerable burden of mental health issues, including depression, anxiety, and sleep disorders, among individuals recovering from COVID-19. The findings emphasize the need for comprehensive mental health support and tailored interventions for patients experiencing persistent symptoms after COVID-19 recovery.

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Assessment of Level of Depression and Associated Factors among COVID-19-Recovered Patients: a Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic had a significant psychological impact on healthy populations, with increased depression, perceived stress, posttraumatic stress disorder, and insomnia reported. The COVID-19 pandemic affects people’s mental health by instilling fear of infection and depression.

Cited by 3 publications

References 30 publications

Neuropsychiatric symptoms of post-COVID-19 condition in Mexican healthcare personnel.

Neuropsychiatric symptoms of post-COVID-19 condition in Mexican healthcare personnel.

Prevalence and factors associated with depression and anxiety among patients recovered from COVID-19: a cross-sectional study in a tertiary care hospital in Nepal

The global prevalence of depression, anxiety, and sleep disorder among patients coping with Post COVID-19 syndrome (long COVID): a systematic review and meta-analysis

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