Assessment of lateral cephalometric diagnosis of adenoid hypertrophy and posterior upper airway obstruction: A systematic review

Major, Michael P.; Flores-Mir, Carlos; Major, Paul W.

doi:10.1016/j.ajodo.2005.05.050

Cited by 165 publications

(139 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…[15][16][17][18] Despite the inability of LCR to provide volumetric data, 19 and several claims against its use in the diagnosis of airway problems, 20,21 there is evidence that LCR is a useful screening tool for evaluating nasopharyngeal obstruction. 19,22 As is the case with all diagnostic tests, LCR has imperfections, and thus, its clinical reliability should be critically evaluated by four indices: sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value. 20,23 According to a systematic review, 19 previous papers have not presented an adequate sensitivity-specificity analysis of LCR.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reliability of subjective, linear, ratio and area cephalometric measurements in assessing adenoid hypertrophy among different age groups

Souki

Franco

et al. 2012

The Angle Orthodontist

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Objective: To test the validity of four different types of lateral cephalometric radiograph (LCR) measurements as a diagnostic test of adenoid hypertrophy in different age groups of mouthbreathing children. Materials and Methods: Eighty-six mouth-breathing children (male 54.65%, mean age 7.0 6 2.2 years) were randomly selected from a hospital population. Adenoid obstruction of the nasopharynx was evaluated by subjective, linear, ratio, and area LCR measurements. Each measurement was compared with flexible fiberoptic endoscopy diagnosis. Results: Kendall correlation coefficients for agreement between tests were $ 0.67 and kappa scores were substantial ($ 0.64). Higher correlation coefficients and agreement values were found in older age groups. When the sample was stratified by age, the 3-to 5-year-old age group showed lower correlation coefficients and agreement strength for subjective, linear, and ratio measurements. The sensitivity of LCR varied from 71% (ratio) to 84% (linear). The specificity varied from 83% (linear) to 97% (ratio). The positive predictive value varied from 88% (linear) to 97% (ratio). The negative predictive value varied from 70% (ratio) to 78% (linear). The validity of each measure was different among the age groups. Conclusions: LCR is a valid method for measuring adenoid hypertrophy in children from 6 to 12 years old. The diagnosis of adenoid hypertrophy, based on LCR measurements, in children with primary dentition (3-5 years old) should be made with caution. The combination of linear and ratio LCR measurements is a reliable screening tool to determine the need for an ear, nose, and throat evaluation. (Angle Orthod. 2012;82:1001-1007

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reliability of subjective, linear, ratio and area cephalometric measurements in assessing adenoid hypertrophy among different age groups

Souki

Franco

et al. 2012

The Angle Orthodontist

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“…Las variables sujeto de análisis fueron: (1) longitud de base de cráneo anteroposterior (NasionSilla en milímetros), (2) Clase esquelética (ángulo formado por Punto A-Nasion-punto B), (3) Longitud efectiva mandibular (Condilion-Gnation en milímetros), (4) Longitud efectiva maxilar superior (Condilion-punto A en milímetros), (5) Posición sagital del maxilar inferior (Pogonion a perpendicular de Nasion en milímetros), (6) Posición sagital del maxilar superior ( punto A perpendicular de Nasion en milímetros), (7) Ángulo de plano mandibular (ángulo formado por Frankfort y plano mandibular), (8) Eje facial de Ricketts ( ángulo formado por el plano de base craneal Basion-Nasion y el plano eje facial Ptm-Gnation), (9) Dimensión del espacio aéreo superior (Longitud desde el borde inferior del paladar duro hasta la base de la epiglotis), (10) Dimensión espacio aéreo inferior (Longitud desde la pared posterior de la laringe a plano mandibular), (11) Posición del hueso hioides (Distancia entre el plano mandibular a punto más antero-superior del hioides) (19) (figura 1). FIGURA …”

Section: Medidas Cefalométricasunclassified

“…En Bogotá -Colombia se reportó una prevalencia del 30 % de trastornos del sueño en niños durante los primeros 4 años de vida (9). Aunque el patrón de oro para el diagnóstico y severidad de apnea, es la polisomnografía (PSG) nocturna (2), el odontólogo cuenta con la cefalometría como una herramienta diagnostica no invasiva y sencilla para valorar no solo la dimensión y posibles obstrucciones de la vía aérea superior (VAS), sino también para evaluar la morfología craneofacial del paciente (10,11).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Morfología craneofacial en niños con apnea obstructiva del sueño / Craneofacial Morphology in Children with Obstructive Sleep Apnea

et al. 2017

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Gabriela Elizabeth Sotomayor GuamánOdontóloga, Residente Posgrado de Odontopediatría Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia. Andrea Catalina Terreros PeraltaOdontóloga Residente Posgrado de Odontopediatría Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia. Eneida LópezOdontóloga, Especialista en Ortopedia Maxilar, Docente de Postgrado Odontopediatría, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá Colombia Ángela SuarezOdontóloga, Docente de Posgrado, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia. Liliana Otero MendozaOdontóloga, especialista en Ortodoncia, Magistrar en Biología con énfasis en Genética, doctora en Ciencias Biológicas, docente del Posgrado de Ortodoncia, Centro de Investigaciones Odontológicas, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia. Conclusions: these results suggest trends to relation between length of cranial base and bone hyoid position e and the presence of OSA in children. CÓMO CITAR ESTE ARTÍCULO

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“…In a systematic review on diagnosis of adenoid hypertrophy and nasopharyngeal airway obstruction using the cephalometric radiograph, Major et al 21 concluded that there is a good correlation on the size of the adenoid, but the ability to diagnose a small nasopharyngeal airway is not that good. The authors attribute these findings to the fact that the adenoid is a simpler anatomic structure than the nasopharynx and looses less information when transformed into a bidimensional image.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The authors suggest that the tomography should be used as a gold pattern, but the cephalometric exam should be used as a tool to determine if a more detailed exam is needed or not, having in mind that this is a bidimensional exam, and, therefore, is very limited. 21 Besides being the first complementary exam doctors ask for patients with suspected mouth breathing patterns, the radiographic evaluation stands with the clinical exam as the most used method to evaluate adenoid hypertrophy 1 and changes in the nasopharyngeal space 7 . The correct radiograph technique should always be followed to minimize possible adversities such as patient bad positioning or movement 1 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparação entre a radiografia de cavum e a cefalométrica de perfil na avaliação da nasofaringe e das adenoides por otorrinolaringologistas

Almeida¹,

Artese

Carvalho³

et al. 2011

Dental Press J. Orthod.

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Introduction:The lateral cephalometric, as well as the cavum radiograph, allow the evaluation of the nasopharyngeal airway (NAW). Otorhinolaringologists routinely use the cavum radiograph, even when the patient already has a lateral cephalometric headfilm. Objectives: The aim of this study was to (a) acknowledge which exams otorhinolaringologists use for the evaluation and measurement of the NAW; (b) evaluate if the otorhinolaryngologists are acquainted to the cephalometric method; (c) compare both radiographs to see which one is preferred to visualize the NAW and adenoids and (d) correlate the visual analysis to the measuring method of Schulhof. Methods: For this purpose, the cephalometric and the cavum radiographs of 15 mouthbreathing children were taken on the same day. These radiographs were masked leaving only the NAW and the adenoids visible, and were blindly presented to 12 otorhinolaryngologists. They received the radiographs together with a questionnaire asking about their familiarity with the lateral cephalometric radiograph, which exams are used for NAW and adenoid evaluation and if they use any method for measuring the NAW obstruction level. They were also asked to visually classify the NAW and the adenoids according to their sizes into small, medium and large. Results: The results demonstrated that all otorhinolaryngologists in the sample use the cavum radiograph. Only one uses the cephalometric radiograph and two are familiar with this technique. The cephalometric radiograph was preferred by 49.4% of the otorhinolaryngologists, the cavum by 22.8% and 27.8% did not see any difference between both methods. There was low correlation between the visual method and the Schulhof measuring method. AbstractKeywords: Orthodontics. Otorhinolaryngology. Cavum radiograph. Cephalometric radiograph.

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Assessment of lateral cephalometric diagnosis of adenoid hypertrophy and posterior upper airway obstruction: A systematic review

Cited by 165 publications

References 42 publications

Reliability of subjective, linear, ratio and area cephalometric measurements in assessing adenoid hypertrophy among different age groups

Reliability of subjective, linear, ratio and area cephalometric measurements in assessing adenoid hypertrophy among different age groups

Morfología craneofacial en niños con apnea obstructiva del sueño / Craneofacial Morphology in Children with Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Comparação entre a radiografia de cavum e a cefalométrica de perfil na avaliação da nasofaringe e das adenoides por otorrinolaringologistas

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