Assessment of land use impact on hydraulic threshold conditions for gully head cut initiation

Samani, Aliakbar Nazari; Chen, Qiuwen; Khalighi, Shahram; Wasson, Robert J.; Rahdari, Mohammad Reza

doi:10.5194/hess-20-3005-2016

Cited by 20 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Peak discharge and critical rainfall duration are often central variables in gully models (Foster and Lane, 1983;Watson and Laflen, 1986;Hairsine and Rose, 1992;Sidorchuk, 1999;Gordon et al, 2007) and are related to erosion initiation parameters and thresholds, such as shear stress and stream power. This second factor has frequently been reported in literature as being more correlated with both laminar and linear erosion (Torri and Borselli, 2003;de Araújo, 2007;Nazari Samani et al, 2016;Bennett and Wells, 2019). Figure 9a shows the performance of the tested intensities.…”

Section: Foster and Lane Model (Flm)supporting

confidence: 63%

Physically-based model for gully simulation: application to the Brazilian Semiarid Region

Alencar¹,

Araújo²,

Teixeira³

2019

Preprint

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Abstract. Gullies are one of the most relevant erosion processes, connected to land degradation and desertification, in special in arid and semiarid regions. Despite its role, gully erosion is neglected by many models and researches. This study presents a physically-based model for small permanent gullies, typical in the Brazilian Semiarid Region. The model consists of coupling two previous models, those by Foster and Lane (1983) and Sidorchuk (1999). As both models require input data of peak discharge and duration, different rain intensities were tested. The rain intensity that suited gully erosion modelling best was the 30-minute intensity. The Foster and Lane model supplied a better response for smaller areas, where bed-channel erosion is more pronounced. The Sidorchuk model presented a better performance in larger sections, where wall erosion becomes more prominent. The experimental area is located in the semiarid State of Ceará, Brazil, in which the land use is characterised by agriculture and livestock. We measured and modelled three gullies ageing almost six decades. The threshold between the prevailing domains of each process (channel bed or wall erosion) is based on the cross-section area; and it is intrinsically connected to wall erosion: for the case study, the threshold area was approximately 2 m2. The final model, hereby called FL-SM (Foster & Lane and Sidorchuk Model) performed very well, with Nash–Sutcliffe coefficient of 0.846.

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Section: Foster and Lane Model (Flm)supporting

confidence: 63%

Physically-based model for gully simulation: application to the Brazilian Semiarid Region

Alencar¹,

Araújo²,

Teixeira³

2019

Preprint

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“…In Figure 3, the mean annual temperature ( Figure 3a) and precipitation ( Figure 3b) values during the last 30 years registered by the climate station of Boushehr (28 • 58 N, 50 • 49 E) are represented. We can observe a clear increase of the mean temperatures, which influences the rapid increase in weathering processes and evapotranspiration, and the decrease in vegetation cover and agricultural and livestock practices of this territory [45]. The annual average rainfall is about 180 mm.…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 91%

Assessment of the Sustainability of the Territories Affected by Gully Head Advancements through Aerial Photography and Modeling Estimations: A Case Study on Samal Watershed, Iran

et al. 2018

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Gully erosion is considered one of the major issues of land sustainability because it can remove considerable volumes of sediment and productive soils. Once started, gullies can continue to move by headcut retreat, or slumping of the side walls. Studies of gully development require constant monitoring activities which are not possible in not-well-explored areas, such as the arduous region of Iran, due to costs and a lack of geoinformation. Thus, the present research attempts to assess gully evolution using only two digital aerial photographs of different periods (1968 and 1994) and field assessment (2009) to estimate the gully head advancement based on frames geometry and rigorous procedure in southwestern Iran. Also, the gully head advancement was estimated and compared among them by different empirical equations. The results indicated that the mean of gully head advancement was 1.4 m year−1 and 1.2 m year−1 during 1968–1994 and 1994–2009, respectively, and the annual average of sediment mobilization was 26.8 m3 ha−1 in 2009. The model assessment indexes indicated that SCS (Soil Conservation Service) II was the best model for gully head advancement estimations in this study area. The main reasons for this can be associated with the Rp factor (previous gully head advancement) and the local environmental conditions. We conclude that the sustainability of the territory has been greatly affected due to this advancement. We also hypothesize that gully head changes could be related to the susceptibility of geological formations, climate, soil properties, and the coincidence of other gullies’ formation with common drainage networks in the study area. Based on the obtained results, land managers can use the results to distinguish the gullies in this region with a higher environmental risk, and to decide an effective implementation of soil conservation measures in order to include them in the land management plans.

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“…The effects of climate change on soil erosion have been investigated using different methods [26][27][28]. In arid and semi-arid regions of Iran, climate change may significantly affect the amount of soil loss due to water erosion [29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling the Impact of Climate Change and Land Use Change Scenarios on Soil Erosion at the Minab Dam Watershed

et al. 2019

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Climate and land use change can influence susceptibility to erosion and consequently land degradation. The aim of this study was to investigate in the baseline and a future period, the land use and climate change effects on soil erosion at an important dam watershed occupying a strategic position on the narrow Strait of Hormuz. The future climate change at the study area was inferred using statistical downscaling and validated by the Canadian earth system model (CanESM2). The future land use change was also simulated using the Markov chain and artificial neural network, and the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation was adopted to estimate soil loss under climate and land use change scenarios. Results show that rainfall erosivity (R factor) will increase under all Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) scenarios. The highest amount of R was 40.6 MJ mm ha−1 h−1y−1 in 2030 under RPC 2.6. Future land use/land cover showed rangelands turning into agricultural lands, vegetation cover degradation and an increased soil cover among others. The change of C and R factors represented most of the increase of soil erosion and sediment production in the study area during the future period. The highest erosion during the future period was predicted to reach 14.5 t ha−1 y−1, which will generate 5.52 t ha−1 y−1 sediment. The difference between estimated and observed sediment was 1.42 t ha−1 year−1 at the baseline period. Among the soil erosion factors, soil cover (C factor) is the one that watershed managers could influence most in order to reduce soil loss and alleviate the negative effects of climate change.

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Assessment of land use impact on hydraulic threshold conditions for gully head cut initiation

Cited by 20 publications

References 24 publications

Physically-based model for gully simulation: application to the Brazilian Semiarid Region

Physically-based model for gully simulation: application to the Brazilian Semiarid Region

Assessment of the Sustainability of the Territories Affected by Gully Head Advancements through Aerial Photography and Modeling Estimations: A Case Study on Samal Watershed, Iran

Modeling the Impact of Climate Change and Land Use Change Scenarios on Soil Erosion at the Minab Dam Watershed

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