Assessment of Korean consumer exposure to sodium saccharin, aspartame and stevioside

Ha, Mi-Sun; Ha, Sang‐Do; Choi, Sunghee; Bae, Dong-Ho

doi:10.1080/19440049.2013.797114

Cited by 22 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Similar results were reported in studies conducted in Korea, Australia and New Zealand and Brazil (50)(51)(52)60) . A review by Renwick (48) reported that the overall intakes of LCS had not increased significantly during the preceding decade, although it has been reported elsewhere that the numbers of people consuming LCS were increasing (69) .…”

Section: Actual Low-calorie Sweeteners Exposuresupporting

confidence: 90%

“…The optimal methodology for assessing habitual LCS exposure is a 1-2-week prospective, brand level diary, including information on portion sizes along with brand-specific information on LCS concentrations in products (48) . Given that obtaining such refined individual level data can be time and resource intensive for investigators, as well as labour intensive for participants, a variety of dietary assessment tools have been utilised in the past including 24-h recalls (49)(50)(51)(52)(53) , FFQ covering various durations (54)(55)(56)(57) and food diaries lasting 2 d (58) , 5 d (59) , 7 d and 14 d (60) . Some studies used a combination of retrospective and prospective intake data in order to first identify potential high consumers and then to further investigate these high consumers (61,62) .…”

Section: Methods Of Assessing Exposure To Low-calorie Sweetenersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another method for determining LCS concentrations in products is to directly measure them analytically and to this end, numerous methodologies for the determination of LCS in foods and beverages have been published (10) . Recent studies investigating LCS exposure have adopted this approach (50)(51)(52)(53)57,58) and, although it allows for a more accurate and objective measure of LCS concentrations in products, it is also likely to be costly. Furthermore, with the ubiquity of LCS in today's market and the trend towards more widespread use, adopting such an approach as part of future assessments may prove unfeasible.…”

Section: Methods Of Assessing Exposure To Low-calorie Sweetenersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The potential application of a biomarker approach for the investigation of low-calorie sweetener exposure

et al. 2016

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Low-calorie sweeteners (LCS) are commonly used as sugar substitutes in the diet to provide a desired sweet taste without increased energy intake. The number of LCS available on the market has increased considerably over the years and despite extensive evaluation of their safety prior to approval, debate continues around the effects of consumption on health. In Europe, Member States are obligated to monitor exposure to LCS and methods currently used tend to rely on self-reported dietary intake data alongside LCS concentrations in products. However, the acquisition of accurate data can be costly in terms of resources and time and are inherently imprecise. Although LCS are intensely sweet, they are chemically diverse and a limitation of many studies investigating the health effects of consumption is that they often fail to discern intakes of individual LCS. An approach which objectively assesses intakes of individual LCS would therefore allow robust investigations of their possible effects on health. Biomarker approaches have been utilised for the objective investigation of intakes of a range of dietary components and the feasibility of any such approach depends upon its validity as well as its applicability within the target population. This review aims to provide an overview of current understanding of LCS intake and explore the possibility of implementing a biomarker approach to enhance such understanding. Several commonly used LCS, once absorbed into the body, are excreted via the kidneys; therefore a urinary biomarker approach may be possible for the investigation of short-term exposure to these compounds.

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Section: Actual Low-calorie Sweeteners Exposuresupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Methods Of Assessing Exposure To Low-calorie Sweetenersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methods Of Assessing Exposure To Low-calorie Sweetenersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The potential application of a biomarker approach for the investigation of low-calorie sweetener exposure

et al. 2016

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“…Sucralose is the most frequently used ASW in the U.S.A. and is found in ∼1500 products as compared to acesulfame (1103 products) and aspartame (974 products); 30 however, aspartame is the most widely used ASW in processed foods at relatively higher concentrations (as much as 5602 mg/kg) in Korea. 31,32 Artificial Sweeteners in Suspended Particulate Matter. This is the first report of occurrence of ASWs in SPM; aspartame was found in 92% of influent SPM samples at a mean concentration of 444 ng/g dw, followed by acesulfame (92 ng/ g) and saccharin (49 ng/g).…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fate of Artificial Sweeteners in Wastewater Treatment Plants in New York State, U.S.A.

Subedi

Kannan

2014

Environ. Sci. Technol.

150

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Very few studies describe the fate of artificial sweeteners (ASWs) in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). In this study, mass loadings, removal efficiencies, and environmental emission of sucralose, saccharin, aspartame, and acesulfame were determined based on the concentrations measured in wastewater influent, primary effluent, effluent, suspended particulate matter (SPM), and sludge collected from two WWTPs in the Albany area of New York State, U.S.A. All ASWs were detected at a mean concentration that ranged from 0.13 (aspartame) to 29.4 μg/L (sucralose) in wastewater influent, 0.49 (aspartame) to 27.7 μg/L (sucralose) in primary influent, 0.11 (aspartame) to 29.6 μg/L (sucralose) in effluent, and from 0.08 (aspartame) to 0.65 μg/g dw (sucralose) in sludge. Aspartame was found in 92% of influent SPM samples at a mean concentration of 444 ng/g dw, followed by acesulfame (92 ng/g) and saccharin (49 ng/g). The fraction of the total mass of ASWs sorbed to SPM was in the rank order: aspartame (50.4%) > acesulfame (10.9%) > saccharin and sucralose (0.8%). The sorption coefficients of ASWs ranged from 4.10 (saccharin) to 4540 L/kg (aspartame). Significant removal of aspartame (68.2%) and saccharin (90.3%) was found in WWTPs; however, sucralose and acesulfame were less efficiently removed (<2.0%). The total mass loading of sucralose, saccharin, and acesulfame in the WWTP that served a smaller population (∼15 000) was 1.3−1.5 times lower than that in another WWTP that served a larger population (∼100 000). The average daily loading of sucralose in both WWTPs (18.5 g/d/1000 people) was ∼2 times higher than the average loading of saccharin. The daily discharge of sucralose from the WWTPs was the highest (17.6 g/d/1000 people), followed by acesulfame (1.22 g/d/1000 people), and saccharin (1.07 g/d/1000 people). Approximately, 1180 g of saccharin and 291 g of acesulfame were transformed in or removed daily from the two WWTPs. This is the first study to describe the fate of ASWs, including the fraction found in SPM and in sludge, in addition to the aqueous portion of wastewater in WWTPs.

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“…In Asia, a total of 20 studies were identified, two of which were conducted in China [20,21], one among Indian individuals [22], eight conducted in Japan [23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31], and nine conducted for Korean population groups [32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40]. The main results and conclusions are presented in Table 1.…”

Section: Methodology and Trends In Intakementioning

confidence: 99%

Low-/No-Calorie Sweeteners: A Review of Global Intakes

et al. 2018

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The current review examined published data on the intake of all major low-/no-calorie sweeteners—aspartame, acesulfame-K, saccharin, sucralose, cyclamate, thaumatin and steviol glycosides—globally over the last decade. The most detailed and complex exposure assessments were conducted in Europe, following a standardized approach. Japan and Korea similarly had up-to-date and regular intake data available. The data for other Asian countries, Latin America, Australia/New Zealand and global estimates, evaluated by the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA), while available, were shown to be more limited in terms of design. Overall, the studies conducted since 2008 raised no concerns with respect to exceedance of individual sweetener acceptable daily intake (ADIs) among the general population globally. The data identified do not suggest a shift in exposure over time, with several studies indicating a reduction in intake. However, some data suggest there may have been an increase in the numbers of consumers of low-/no-calorie-sweetened products. Future research should consider a more standardized approach to allow the monitoring of potential changes in exposure based upon events such as sugar reduction recommendations, to ensure there is no shift in intake, particularly for high-risk individuals, including diabetics and children with specific dietary requirements, and to ensure risk management decisions are based on quality intake analyses.

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Assessment of Korean consumer exposure to sodium saccharin, aspartame and stevioside

Cited by 22 publications

References 15 publications

The potential application of a biomarker approach for the investigation of low-calorie sweetener exposure

The potential application of a biomarker approach for the investigation of low-calorie sweetener exposure

Fate of Artificial Sweeteners in Wastewater Treatment Plants in New York State, U.S.A.

Low-/No-Calorie Sweeteners: A Review of Global Intakes

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