Assessment of knowledge, attitude and practices on antibiotic resistance among undergraduate medical students in the school of medicine at the University of Zambia

Zulu, Annie; Matafwali, Scott Kaba; Banda, Michelo; Mudenda, Steward

doi:10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20200174

Cited by 42 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 32 publications

(52 reference statements)

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“…Therefore, pharmacists must continue playing the role of gatekeepers of antibiotics [116]. Educational interventions must be put in place to improve the appropriate prescribing and dispensing of antibiotics [117][118][119].…”

Section: Attitudes Of Community Pharmacists Towards Antibiotic Resistmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices of Community Pharmacists on Antibiotic Resistance and Antimicrobial Stewardship in Lusaka, Zambia

Mudenda

Hankombo

Saleem

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Antibiotic resistance is among the major threats to global health. Due to limited information on the subject matter in Zambia, we assessed the knowledge, attitude, and practices of community pharmacists on antibiotic resistance and antimicrobial stewardship. We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study among 144 randomly selected community pharmacists through a structured questionnaire. Data were analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 22 at 95% confidence level. A response rate of 91% (n=144) was achieved. The majority (63%) of the community pharmacists were male and were aged between 30 and 39 years. Interestingly, 93.8% had good knowledge while 67% had positive attitudes. Conversely, 75% of the community pharmacists demonstrated poor practices towards antibiotic resistance and antimicrobial stewardship. Even though community pharmacists had good knowledge and positive attitudes, they demonstrated poor practices that require quick educational interventions. There is a need to promote antimicrobial stewardship sensitization programmes among community pharmacists. Keywords: Antibiotic resistance, antimicrobial stewardship, attitude, community pharmacists, knowledge, practices, Zambia

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Section: Attitudes Of Community Pharmacists Towards Antibiotic Resistmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices of Community Pharmacists on Antibiotic Resistance and Antimicrobial Stewardship in Lusaka, Zambia

Mudenda

Hankombo

Saleem

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…The inappropriate prescribing of antibiotics for common diseases in paediatric patients has also contributed to an increase in ABR [6]. Irrational and inappropriate use of antibiotics has contributed largely to the development of antibiotic resistance (ABR) [7,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiotic Prescribing Patterns in Paediatric Patients at Levy Mwanawasa University Teaching Hospital in Lusaka, Zambia

Mudenda¹

2020

Int J Pharm Pharmacol

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The use of antimicrobial agents has become a routine practice for the treatment of paediatric illnesses. The uncontrolled use of antibiotics has caused a rise in antimicrobial resistance. This study aimed to assess the antibiotic prescribing patterns in paediatric patients at Levy Mwanawasa University Teaching Hospital in Lusaka, Zambia. This was a cross-sectional study conducted between April 2019 to July 2019. The study population included both in-patients and outpatients aged between one month and eighteen years whose medical files were reviewed. A sample size of 357 medical files was conveniently sampled. Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 21.0 was used for data analysis. A chi-square test was used to assess the association between categorical variables. A p<0.05 was considered to be statistically significant at 95% confidence level. The majority of the medical files 230 (64.4%) were for paediatrics in the age group of 1 month to 5 years. Antibiotic prescribing was found to be 78.7%. The study revealed that 119 (33.3%) of patients required antibiotics and were on antibiotic treatment while 46 (12.9%) did not require antibiotics but were on antibiotic treatment. The most common diseases 147 (41.2%) were those affecting the respiratory system. The most commonly prescribed antibiotics were penicillins 154 (54.8%), followed by cephalosporins 88 (31.3%). The association between age, white blood cell count status, and system of illness with antibiotic use were statistically significant (χ 2 =15.083, p=0.001; χ 2 = 6.571, p=0.037 and χ 2 =27.717, p<0.0001). The study also found that the frequency of antibiotic use was high among paediatric patients as per the World Health Organization's prescribing indicators. The most commonly prescribed antibiotics to paediatric patients were penicillins.

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“…25 Concerning knowledge, 68% of the study subjects were knowledgeable about antibiotics and antibiotic resistance, which is higher than the study findings from Amman, Jordan (23%), and Kuwait (47%), 17,27 while it is lower than the study finding from the University of Zambia (87.3%). 28 The discrepancy might be due to the reason that the study subjects of Zambia University were only medical students. In this study, it was found that the students who have a family member employed in health and related areas had a higher probability of taking a full course of antibiotic treatment, which is supported by existing evidence in Italy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>Knowledge and Attitude Towards Antimicrobial Resistance of Graduating Health Science Students of Wollega University</p>

Fetensa¹,

Tolossa²,

Fekadu³

et al. 2020

IDR

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Background: Antimicrobial resistance is a worldwide concern due to the inappropriate and irrational use of antibiotics. Thus, this study was aimed at determining the knowledge and attitude of graduating health science students of Wollega University towards antimicrobial resistance. Methods: An institution-based cross-sectional study design was employed from June to July 2019. Epi-data version 3.1 was used to receive data and exported to SPSS version 25 for further analysis. Both bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis were done to find factors associated with attitudes of students towards antibiotic consumption and resistance at a 95% confidence level. The strength of association was measured with the odds ratio. Variables with a p-value of <0.05 at multivariable analysis were considered to be a significant variable. Finally, texts and simple frequency tables were used to present the findings. Results: Out of 249, 232 students were included in this survey yielding a response rate of 93.6%. Hundred fifty-eight (68.1%) of them had adequate knowledge about antibiotic identification, role, side effects, and resistance. Students with a family member who works in health and related professions had a lower probability of stopping antibiotics when they feel better (AOR = 0.50, 95% CI: 0.28-0.90) and using leftover antibiotics (AOR = 0.51, 95% CI: 0.28-0.92) compared to their counterparts. Conclusion: Students' knowledge on antibiotic identification, role, side effects, and resistance was suboptimal, and the attitude of students towards antibiotic consumption was unfavorable. Respondents having a family member in a health-related field showed a good attitude. Respondents with three years of study also had a good attitude, female gender showed good attitude, and urban residence were independent predictors of attitude toward antibiotic consumption. Training on antimicrobial resistance should be arranged for graduating class nursing and medical students, as they are the future prescribers.

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Assessment of knowledge, attitude and practices on antibiotic resistance among undergraduate medical students in the school of medicine at the University of Zambia

Cited by 42 publications

References 32 publications

Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices of Community Pharmacists on Antibiotic Resistance and Antimicrobial Stewardship in Lusaka, Zambia

Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices of Community Pharmacists on Antibiotic Resistance and Antimicrobial Stewardship in Lusaka, Zambia

Antibiotic Prescribing Patterns in Paediatric Patients at Levy Mwanawasa University Teaching Hospital in Lusaka, Zambia

<p>Knowledge and Attitude Towards Antimicrobial Resistance of Graduating Health Science Students of Wollega University</p>

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