Assessment of infectious organisms associated with chronic rhinosinusitis in cats

Johnson, Lynelle R.; Foley, Janet E.; Cock, H. E V De; Clarke, Heather E.; Maggs, David J.

doi:10.2460/javma.2005.227.579

Cited by 73 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…However, secondary bacterial infection may enhance the effect of the virus and may lead to bacterial pneumonia, or chronic rhinitis, sinusitis or conjunctivitis [39]. The role of FeHV-1 itself in chronic rhinosinusitis is not clear: a recent study in a small series of cats found no difference in the proportion of cases and controls in which FeHV-1 DNA was detected using PCR [61]. However, interestingly, the turbinates are the earliest site of viral replication during reactivation [32], and FeHV-1 transcription is associated with an increase in nasal cytokine gene transcription, suggesting a role for FeHV-1 in nasal inflammation [62].…”

Section: Pathogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Feline herpesvirus

et al. 2007

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Section: Pathogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However a recent study has found no difference in detection rates between a small number of cases and controls [61] (see Section 2).…”

Section: Clinical Signsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feline herpesvirus

et al. 2007

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“…23 In the oropharynx, M. felis is considered part of the normal flora of approximately a third of the feline population, 16 but in shelter cats, isolation of M. felis from oropharyngeal swabs has been associated with upper respiratory tract infection. 1 While Mycoplasma felis is generally not present in bronchoalveolar lavages of clinically healthy cats, 16 it has been associated with lower respiratory tract disease, 25 as well as with cases of ulcerative keratitis, 5 chronic rhinosinusitis, 8 and arthritis. 10 Diagnosis of M. felis infection in such cases is beneficial, as appropriate therapies can effectively treat the disease.…”

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Development and evaluation of a real-time polymerase chain reaction method for the detection ofMycoplasma felis

et al. 2011

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Several mycoplasma species are part of the normal bacterial flora of animals. Many of these mycoplasmas are regarded as harmless; however, Mycoplasma felis can be pathogenic for both cats and horses. Mycoplasma felis is rarely found in ocular swabs from healthy cats, but it is prevalent in swabs from cats with conjunctivitis, 6 which has been experimentally induced in kittens following inoculation. 23 In the oropharynx, M. felis is considered part of the normal flora of approximately a third of the feline population, 16 but in shelter cats, isolation of M. felis from oropharyngeal swabs has been associated with upper respiratory tract infection. it is also the most common mycoplasma found in clinically healthy cats. 24 Thus, diagnostic methods targeting M. felis should not produce false positives when other mycoplasma species are present in a sample.In horses, tracheal isolation of M. felis has been associated with sudden onset of coughing, nasal discharge, or pyrexia, 14 and with outbreaks of lower respiratory tract disease. 26 Mycoplasma felis has also been detected in pleural fluid of horses with pleuritis. 15 As in the cat, a fast and specific etiological diagnosis is beneficial, as appropriate treatment cures the disease. 15 Other known respiratory mycoplasmas of horses include M. equirhinis, M. arginini, M. subdolum, and M. fastidiosum. 9The traditional diagnostic technique used for M. felis is microbiological culture, including identification of M. felis with specific antisera, which is done only in specialized laboratories and can take weeks. More recently, a method using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for detection of M. felis has been reported. 4 The PCR assay was sensitive and faster than conventional culture and identification techniques, but the assay was based on traditional end-point PCR technology. The same assay was later adapted for real-time PCR using SYBR Green intercalating dye technology. 19 In addition to the advantage of reduced analysis time, real-time PCR analysis can be performed with closed PCR tubes, which makes it easier to handle a large number of samples and minimizes the risk of cross-contamination. The targeting of a third sequence element by the use of a dual-labeled fluorogenic probe enables increased specificity compared to SYBR Green-based assays and reduces the time and effort of each analysis by eliminating the need for melting curve analysis. The objective of the current work was the development of an Abstract. Infection by Mycoplasma felis is associated with ocular and respiratory disease in cats and respiratory disease in horses. A correct diagnosis is beneficial since the use of specific antimycoplasmal treatment can lead to resolution. The objective of the present study was to develop a real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method based on dual-labeled fluorogenic probe technology, targeting the gene encoding elongation factor Tu (tuf ), for the fast and specific detection of M. felis. Specificity was achieved by basing the assay design on partial sequencing of t...

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“…They belong to the normal commensal flora of the conjunctiva and upper airways (pharynx, larynx, oral cavity, nasal cavity) in cats and are a well-recognized cause of conjunctivitis and upper respiratory infection in this species (Bannasch and Foley, 2005;Johnson et al, 2005;Hartmann et al, 2010). However, their role as a primary cause of lower respiratory disease has been debated for several years.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Mycoplasma felis from the kenneled cats with pneumonia

Hong¹,

Lee²,

Kim³

et al. 2015

Korean Journal of Veterinary Service

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Two cats were obtained from a cat kennel. Over the previous 7 days, the cats had shown cough, anorexia, depression and nasal discharge. In this study, the consensus PCR was able to detect successfully Mycoplasma species in nasal swab samples of the cats. To identify feline mycoplasma species from the lung tissue of the cats with pneumonia, Mycoplasma species-specific PCR reactions were conducted. As the results, we could identify M. felis by the positive amplified DNAs. On the other hand, we could not detect any positive reactions with the PCR reaction for M. arginini, M. canis, M. edwardii, M. cynos, M. gateae, M. maculosum, M. molared, M. opalescens, M. spumans and Mycoplasma HRC-689.In conclusion, we detected M. felis from the kenneled cats with pneumonia. We suggested that this consensus PCR would be useful and effective for monitoring Mycoplasma species in various kinds of animals including cats. The application of preceding consensus PCR before the species-specific PCRs may be the most recommended strategy for the identification of Mycoplasma spp.

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Assessment of infectious organisms associated with chronic rhinosinusitis in cats

Abstract: Compared with findings in control cats, anaerobic bacteria, Mycoplasma spp, and a variety of potentially pathogenic organisms were detected more commonly in samples from cats with CRS. In both groups, FHV-1 was detected via PCR assay as a nonviable organism or in noncultivable amounts.

Cited by 73 publications

References 18 publications

Feline herpesvirus

Feline herpesvirus

Development and evaluation of a real-time polymerase chain reaction method for the detection ofMycoplasma felis

Detection of Mycoplasma felis from the kenneled cats with pneumonia

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