Assessment of growth and yield losses in two Zea mays L. cultivars (quality protein maize and nonquality protein maize) under projected levels of ozone

Singh, Aditya Abha; Agrawal, Shashi Bhushan; Shahi, J. P.; Agrawal, Madhoolika

doi:10.1007/s11356-013-2188-6

Cited by 72 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…For soybean we found a sensitivity to W126 of 0.45% ppm −1 h −1 compared with 0.4% ppm −1 h −1 (27) and 1.7% ppm −1 h −1 (28), and a sensitivity to AOT40 of 0.49% ppm −1 h −1 compared with 0.5-1% ppm −1 h −1 (2,30,31). For maize we found a sensitivity to W126 of 0.52% ppm −1 h −1 compared with 0.12% ppm −1 h −1 (27) and 0.7% ppm −1 h −1 (29), and a sensitivity to AOT40 of 0.62% ppm −1 h −1 compared with 0.4% ppm −1 h −1 (2) and 0.5% ppm −1 h −1 (32). Thus, the sensitivity estimates produced by the current study for the two species are in line with previously reported values.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

An analysis of ozone damage to historical maize and soybean yields in the United States

McGrath

Betzelberger

Wang

et al. 2015

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

174

127

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Numerous controlled experiments find that elevated ground-level ozone concentrations ([O3]) damage crops and reduce yield. There have been no estimates of the actual yield losses in the field in the United States from [O3], even though such estimates would be valuable for projections of future food production and for cost–benefit analyses of reducing ground-level [O3]. Regression analysis of historical yield, climate, and [O3] data for the United States were used to determine the loss of production due to O3 for maize (Zea mays) and soybean (Glycine max) from 1980 to 2011, showing that over that period production of rain-fed fields of soybean and maize were reduced by roughly 5% and 10%, respectively, costing approximately $9 billion annually. Maize, thought to be inherently resistant to O3, was at least as sensitive as soybean to O3 damage. Overcoming this yield loss with improved emission controls or more tolerant germplasm could substantially increase world food and feed supply at a time when a global yield jump is urgently needed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

An analysis of ozone damage to historical maize and soybean yields in the United States

McGrath

Betzelberger

Wang

et al. 2015

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

174

127

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“…Because of its oxidative capacity, high O 3 levels in the atmosphere are detrimental to living organisms, including plants. Ozone is among the most damaging air pollutants to which plants are exposed, and produces substantive plant biomass and yield (seed weight) reductions (Thompson 1992;Agrawal et al 2005;Manning 2005;Hassan 2006;Hassan and Tewfik 2006;Singh et al 2009aSingh et al , 2014Wahid 2006 a, b;Sarkar and Agrawal 2010a, b;Tripathi and Agrawal 2013). The economic loss for 23 horticultural and agricultural crops from O 3 exposure was estimated to be approximately $6.7 billion for the year 2000 in Europe (Holland et al 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Ethylene Diurea-Induced Protection in Plants Against Ozone Phytotoxicity

Singh

Agrawal

et al. 2014

Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology Volume 233

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Urbanization, industrialization and unsustainable utilization of natural resources have made tropospheric ozone (03) one of the world's most significant air pollutants. Past studies reveal that 0 3 is a phytotoxic air pollutant that causes or enhances food insecurity across the globe. Plant sensitivity, tolerance and resistance to 0 3 involve a wide array of responses that range from growth to the physiological, biochemical and molecular. Although plants have an array of defense systems to combat oxidative stress from 0 3 exposure, they still suffer sizable yield reductions. In recent years, the ground-level 0 3 concentrations to which crop plants have been exposed have caused yield loses that are economically damaging. Several types of chemicals have been applied or used to mitigate the effects produced by 0 3 on plants. These include agrochemicals (fungicides, insecticides, plant growth regulators), natural antioxidants, and others. Such treatments have been effective to one degree to another, in ameliorating Or generated stress in plants. Ethylene diurea (EDU) has been the most effective protectant used and has also served as a monitoring agent for assessing plant yield losses from 0 3 exposure. In this review, we summarize the data on how EDU has been used, the treatment methods tested, and application doses found to be both protective and toxic in plants. We have also summarized data that address the nature and modes of action (biophysical and biochemical) of EDU. In general, the literature discloses that EDU is effective in reducing ozone damage to plants, and indicates that EDU should be more widely used on 0 3 sensitive plants as a tool for biomonitoring of 0 3 concentrations. Biomonitoring studies that utilize EDU are very useful for rural and remote areas and in developing countries where 0 3 monitoring is constrained from unavailability of electricity. The mechanism(s) by which EDU prevents 0 3 toxicity in plants is still not completely known. EDU possesses great utility for screening plant sensitivity under field conditions in areas that experience high 0 3 concentrations, because EDU prevents 0 3 toxicity only in 0 3 sensitive plants. Ozone-resistant plants do not respond positively to EDU applications. However, EDU application dose and frequency must be standardized before it can be effectively and widely used for screening 0 3 sensitivity in plants. EDU acts primarily by enhancing biochemical plant defense and delaying Or induced senescence, thereby reducing chlorophyll loss, and maintaining physiological efficiency and primary metabolites; these actions enhance growth, biomass and yield of plants. We believe that future studies are needed to better address the EDU dose response relationship for many plant species, and to screen for new cultivars that can resist 0 3 stress. Although some research on the physiological and biochemical mechanisms of action of EDU have been performed, the new 'omics' tools have not been utilized to evaluate EDUs mechanism of action. Such data are needed, as is gene exp...

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“…Maize plants were grown on ground inside OTCs of diameter 2.5 m and height 2.5 m which were installed as described elsewhere . Detailed description about the characteristics of selected maize cultivars, raising of plants and fertilizer dosages has been given in Singh et al . Maize plants were grown under four treatment regimes, i.e.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Yield and kernel nutritional quality in normal maize and quality protein maize cultivars exposed to ozone

et al. 2018

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BACKGROUND: Tropospheric ozone (O 3 ) is phytotoxic and therefore impacts global food security. In the present study yield responses and kernel quality traits of two maize cultivars [DHM117: normal maize (NM)] and [HQPM1: quality protein maize (QPM)] are investigated. Cultivars were exposed to two doses of elevated O 3 , namely NFC + 15 and NFC + 30 ppb O 3 above ambient level (NFC, non-filtered chambers) while filtered chambers served as control. RESULTS: Test weight (thousand kernel weight), weight of kernels per square meter and kernel starch content reduced more in NM than QPM due to elevated O 3 exposure. Total soluble and reducing sugars increased in both the cultivars being more in NM. Though, endosperm protein showed comparatively more increase in QPM than NM, decline in essential amino acids tryptophan and lysine was higher in QPM. Majority of nutrient elements increased after O 3 treatment, while reductions in oil content as well as saturated fatty acids were observed in both test cultivars. Of the two essential fatty acids, omega 3 fatty acid reduced while omega 6 fatty acid contents increased in QPM. Oil became more unsaturated (increase in polyunsaturated fatty acids) upon O 3 exposure, thus increasing its reactivity and hence became more prone to auto-oxidation. CONCLUSIONS: Elevated O 3 caused losses in yield of maize cultivars and NM showed higher sensitivity than QPM. Kernel quality analysis revealed significant changes in nutritional parameters. Carbohydrate content reduced more in NM, while essential amino acids and saturated fatty acids showed more decline in QPM.

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Assessment of growth and yield losses in two Zea mays L. cultivars (quality protein maize and nonquality protein maize) under projected levels of ozone

Cited by 72 publications

References 38 publications

An analysis of ozone damage to historical maize and soybean yields in the United States

An analysis of ozone damage to historical maize and soybean yields in the United States

Assessment of Ethylene Diurea-Induced Protection in Plants Against Ozone Phytotoxicity

Yield and kernel nutritional quality in normal maize and quality protein maize cultivars exposed to ozone

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