Assessment of genetic relationship in Persea spp by traditional molecular markers

Abstract

Currently, the reclassification of the genus Persea is under discussion with molecular techniques for DNA analysis representing an alternative for inter- and intra-specific differentiation. In the present study, the traditional random-amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and the inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers were used to determine the genomic relationship of different species and hybrids representative of the subgenera Eriodaphne and Persea in a population conserved in a germplasm bank. The data were analyzed statistically using multivariate methods. In the RAPD analysis, a total of 190 polymorphic bands were produced, with an average of 23.7 bands per primer, the percentage contribution of each primer was from 7.66 to 19.63; the polymorphic information content (PIC) ranged from 0.23 to 0.45, with an average of 0.35. In the ISSR analysis, a total of 111 polymorphic bands were considered, with an average of 18.5 bands per primer, the percentage contribution of each was from 11.83 to 19.57; the PIC ranged from 0.35 to 0.48, with an average of 0.42. The phenograms obtained in each technique showed the relationship among the accessions through the clusters formed. In general, both the techniques grouped representatives of the Persea americana races (P. americana var. drymifolia, P. americana var. guatemalensis, and P. americana var. americana). However, it was not possible to separate the species of Persea used as reference into independent clades. In addition, they tended to separate the representatives of subgenera Eriodaphne and Persea.

Criollo avocado of mexican race (Persea americana var. drymifolia): an underutilized species in horticulture

“…Drymifolia) is native to the high parts of central and southern Mexico, and from there it was dispersed towards the north of Mexico and part of Central America, 1 belongs to the Lauraceae Family and is part of the genetic base of commercial varieties that are currently marketed throughout the world as 'Hass', 'Fuerte' and their genetic variants. 2 The CAMR is considered a hyper variable species because it presents a high degree of genetic polymorphism, 3 in addition, its form of reproduction is by open pollination 4 and its genome size is very large compared to other species (920 million base pairs), 2 which contributes to the fact that the phenotypic characteristics of its progeny are unpredictable and with a high degree of morphological polymorphism. 4 However, CAMR presents morphological and chemical characteristics of the species, which allows it to be differentiated from other races Persea americana var.…”

“…The production of CAMR from pre-Hispanic times to the present day has been carried out in nature and in the backyard, with minimal agronomic work and without the application of agrochemicals, often subjected to high degrees of stress by biotic and abiotic factors, 5 this has allowed it to thrive in a large number of microclimates, thus contributing to the dispersal, hybridization and genetic variability of the species. 3 CAMR stands out from other avocado breeds for presenting agronomic characteristics desirable in horticulture, including resistance to cold and good adaptation to different types of soils. 6 It is worth mentioning that although some CAMR genotypes are susceptible to damage caused by insects (e.g., Trioza anceps, Heilipus lauri, and Thysanoptera: Thripidae) and pathogenic fungi (e.g., Phytophthora cinnamomi, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, and Sphaceloma perseae) that cause damage to avocado crops, the damage is less than in commercial varieties such as'Hass' and 'Fuerte'.…”

Diversidad genética de materiales nativos de aguacate guatemalteco a través del marcador molecular AFLP

“…Actualmente, las razas han sufrido cruzamiento en muchas regiones de América y numerosas colecciones muestran una clara introgresión racial. El hábito de floración y la polinización cruzada del aguacate, junto con su forma prolífica y un bajo conjunto de frutos, son otros factores que impiden la comprensión del linaje de los cultivares y razas actuales (Reyes-Alemán et al, 2016).…”

Molecular characterization and population structure study of cambuci: strategy for conservation and genetic improvement

“…The ISSR marker has also been used to study genetic diversity in other fruit crop species. Reyes-Alemán et al (2016) used the ISSR marker to study the genetic relationships within the Persea genus. Jimenez et al (2015) performed genetic diversity analysis of Brazilian Hancornia speciosa Gomes using ISSR markers.…”