Assessment of Genetic Diversity and Fatty acid Composition of Perilla (Perilla frutescens var. frutescens) Germplasm

Abstract

-The objective of this study was to analyze the genetic diversity using SSR marker and investigate the fatty acid composition of perilla (P. frutescens var. frutescens) germplasm. Genetic diversity among 95 accessions, which consisted of 29 weedy types and 66 landrace accessions, was evaluated based on 12 SSR markers carrying 91 alleles. The mean values of observed (HO) and expected heterozygosities (HE) were 0.574 and 0.640, respectively, indicating a considerable amount of polymorphism within this collection. A genetic distance-based phylogeny grouped into two distinct groups, which were the landrace, moderate and weedy type, genetic distance (GD) value was 0.609. The physicochemical traits about crude oil contents and fatty acid compositions were analyzed using GC. Among tested germplasm, the total average oil contents (%) showed a range from 28.57 to 49.67 %. Five fatty acids and their contents in the crude oils are as follows: α-linolenic acid (41.12%-51.81%), linoleic acid (15.38%-16.43%), oleic acid (18.93%-27.28%), stearic acid (2.56%-4.01%), and palmitic acid (7.38%-10.77%). The average oil content of wild types was lower than landrace, and the oil content of middle genotype accessions was higher than other germplasm, but no significant variation between landrace and wild types was shown. Nevertheless, IT117174, landrace of Korea, was highest in crude oil content (47.11%) and linolenic acid composition (64.58%) among the used germplasm. These traits of the selected accessions will be helped for new functional plant breeding in perilla crop.

EST-SSR Based Genetic Diversity and Population Structure among Korean Landraces of Foxtail Millet (Setaria italica L.)

“…This variation could have happened due to regional barriers, heterosis, and/or man made selection (Upadhyaya et al, 2008). Present research also exhibited a higher PIC (0.518) than that reported earlier in foxtail millet (0.381) and rice (0.42) (Jin et al, 2010;Lin et al, 2012), but lower than that reported in maize (0.72), pearl millet (0.58), persimmon (0.67) and perilla (0.59) (Pejic et al, 1998;Kapila et al, 2007;Seo et al, 2013;Song et al, 2012). Here, we have used a combination of di-and trinucleotides that might be the cause of variation, because a higher number of dinucleotide repeats instead of trinucleotides or higher numbers increase the genetic variability (Yang et al, 2010).…”

Identifying SSR Markers Related to Seed Fatty Acid Content in Perilla Crop (Perilla frutescens L.)

“…Meanwhile, the IT117093, IT117133, and IT157549 accessions showed the lowest total fatty acid content compared with the other accessions with a content of 97.3% or less ( Table 1 ). Most of the five fatty acid composition values investigated in this study were similar to those reported in previous studies on Perilla seeds [ 8 , 9 , 12 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 ]. However, the contents of the five fatty acids measured in each Perilla accession tended to be high or low, depending on the Perilla accession.…”

“…They are a good source of polyunsaturated fatty acids, such as linoleic acid and α-linolenic acid, as these account for about 80% of Perilla seed oil. In particular, two essential fatty acids, oleic and linolenic acid, are significant fatty acids in terms of quality and quantity of Perilla seed oils [ 11 , 12 , 13 , 41 ]. In addition, Perilla leaves are rich in vitamins B and C and are preferred as salad vegetables and pickles in South Korea.…”

“…frutescens of Perilla crop were selected, based on the content of five fatty acids, from among the accessions of Perilla germplasm that were published on the website of the RDA-Genebank of the Republic of Korea ( , accessed on 1 November 2020). The method of fatty acid analysis performed by the Korean RDA-Genebank was presented by Song et al 2012 [ 41 ]. When performing fatty acid analysis on Perilla genetic resources in the RDA-Genebank, they used the fatty acid calculation method for each accession as follows; the relative fatty acid content between Perilla germplasms was assessed by making a calibration graph for each fatty acid (oleic acid, linoleic acid, etc.)…”