Assessment of general bullying and bullying due to appearance of teeth in a sample of 11-16 year-old Peruvian schoolchildren.

Abstract

Objective: To assess the incidence of general bullying and bullying due to the appearance of teeth in a sample of 11-16 year-old Peruvian schoolchildren. Materials and methods: Cross-sectional study with a sample of 218 students aged 11 to 16 years old (13.41±1.44), 109 males, and 153 from a public school. A survey on general bullying and the appearance of teeth was applied using a validated questionnaire. Results: The frequency of general bullying was 32.57%, and bullying due to dental appearance was 18.81%. General bullying (p=0.005) and dental appearance (p=0.024) were more frequent in the public school, but there were no statistically significant differences according to sex. The highest frequency of general bullying was related to name-calling, which accounted for 47.71%. Victimization by appearance of teeth in one or two occasions in the last two months accounted for 12.39%, according to participating subjects. Conclusion: General and tooth-related bullying was more frequent among students in public schools, with no significant differences according to sex. Keywords INTRODUCTION.Bullying consists of the aggressive behavior exhibited repeatedly against an individual in a relationship characterized by an imbalance of power.1 It can be direct victimization (physically aggression) or indirect victimization (aggressor or observer). Its implications are far-reaching and include depression, low self-esteem, mental and physical health problems, poor academic performance, 2 and involvement in crime. 3Some dentofacial alterations may predispose people to anxiety and distress, as these alterations are noticeable during daily interactions. Therefore, such alterations have been associated with hurtful teasing and unhappiness. 4Educational institutions should ensure the socialization of their students, and students should avoid all types of abuse or harassment, with an emphasis on strengthening respect, tolerance and assertiveness. However, bullying may occur and manifest itself in different ways depending on the type of educational institution. 5Bullying is a global concern and its study has aroused the interest of many scientists.1 However, it is not clear how the appearance of teeth can be a cause of bullying. The aim of this research was to assess the ISSN Online 0719-2479 -www.joralres.com © 2017 288 incidence of general bullying and bullying due to the appearance of teeth in a sample of 11-16 year-old Peruvian schoolchildren. MATERIALS AND METHODS.A cross-sectional study was conducted in a sample of 218 students aged between 11 and 16 years old (13.41±1.44), 109 females and 109 males, 153 from a public school and 65 from a private school in the city of Trujillo, Peru. The students were randomly selected from a population of 313 students, 219 from the public school and 94 from the private institution. Selection criteria were: presence of permanent teeth up to first molars, and absence of orthodontic, orthopedic or prosthetic attachments.This study was approved by the Permanent Research Committee of the S...

Association between Dentofacial Features and Bullying from Childhood to Adulthood: A Systematic Review

“…In order to assess bullying, five studies used the same modified questionnaire from Shaw et al [ 26 ] by Al Bitar et al, in 2013 [ 22 , 28 , 29 , 32 , 33 ], two used the Olweus Bullying/Victim Questionnaire [ 30 , 31 ]; Ramos et al [ 9 ] used the questionnaire used in the National Survey of School Health (PeNSE), Gatto et al [ 7 ] used the Kidscape Questionnaire, Duarte Rodrigues et al [ 34 ] used a question from the CPQ8-10, Bazan-Serrano et al [ 35 ] used a questionnaire from Oliveros et al [ 36 ], Rwakatema et al [ 37 ] used a questionnaire from Ng’ang’a et al [ 38 ] and Onyeaso et al [ 39 ] used a modified questionnaire from Helm [ 20 ]. Seven of the studies used individual arrangement questionnaires [ 20 , 21 , 24 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 ], and Alanko et al [ 8 ] used a structured diary.…”

Necesidad de tratamiento ortodóntico y su relación con el rendimiento académico, la autoestima y el bullying: revisión de la literatura

“…El comportamiento psicosocial de los adolescentes puede estar asociado a la insatisfacción con la apariencia dental. Las percepciones sobre el atractivo, especialmente en el área dentofacial, asociadas con el impacto psicosocial concominante, juegan un papel esencial en la adolescencia (17). Las mejores relaciones interpersonales y, por lo tanto, una mayor confianza en uno mismo son un resultado directo de las interacciones sociales positivas.…”

“…Asimismo, Florián-Vargas et al comunicaron que la autoestima podría variar en función de la gravedad de la maloclusión en los escolares (1). En relación con el acoso escolar, Bazán-Serrano et al señalaron que este se asociaba con la estética de los dientes (17). No obstante, estos estudios no usaron el DAI para evaluar la necesidad de tratamiento ortodóntico; el método utilizado para evaluar la maloclusión implica características de los dientes anteriores y posteriores.…”

“…El tratamiento de ortodoncia tiene un impacto instantáneo y positivo en la apariencia, así como en el comportamiento del adolescente. Los aspectos estéticos del rostro pueden traducirse en atributos faciales más armoniosos, que se relacionan con una mayor inteligencia y liderazgo, lo que, a su vez, contribuye con el crecimiento profesional y personal (14,17).…”

Bullied Because of Their Teeth: Evidence from a Longitudinal Study on the Impact of Oral Health on Bullying Victimization among Australian Indigenous Children

“…Indigenous children experience some of the highest levels of marginalisation in the world [66,80,81]. Experiences of racial discrimination may lead to parents not seeking dental healthcare for their children or waiting until only removing teeth is viable, and this may lead to bullying in school [17,[20][21][22][23]82,83].…”