Assessment of Fractional Factorial Design for the Selection andScreening of Appropriate Components of a Self-nanoemulsifyingDrug Delivery System Formulation

Abstract

Purpose: Recently, a self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS) has shown great improvement in the enhancement of drug bioavailability. The selection of appropriate compositions in the SNEDDS formulation is the fundamental step towards developing a successful formulation. This study sought to evaluate the effectiveness of fractional factorial design (FFD) in the selection and screening of a SNEDDS composition. Furthermore, the most efficient FFD approach would be applied to the selection of SNEDDS components. Methods: The types of oil, surfactant, co-surfactant, and their concentrations were selected as factors. 26 full factorial design (FD) (64 runs), 26-1 FFD (32 runs), 26-2 FFD (16 runs), and 26-3 FFD (8 runs) were compared to the main effect contributions of each design. Ca-pitavastatin (Ca-PVT) was used as a drug model. Screening parameters, such as transmittance, emulsification time, and drug load, were selected as responses followed by particle size along with zeta potential for optimized formulation. Results: The results indicated that the patterns of 26 full FD and 26-1 for both main effects and interactions were similar. 26-3 FFD lacked adequate precision when used for screening owing to the limitation of design points. In addition, capryol, Tween 80, and transcutol P were selected to be developed in a SNEDDS formulation with a particle size of 69.7± 5.3 nm along with a zeta potential of 33.4± 2.1 mV. Conclusion: Herein, 26-2 FFD was chosen as the most efficient and adequate design for the selection and screening of SNEDDS composition. The optimized formulation fulfilled the requirement of a quality target profile of a nanoemulsion.

Development and Evaluation of a Novel Polymer Drug Delivery System Using Cromolyn-Polyamides-Disulfide using Response Surface Design

“…According to the levels in Table 1 and the full factorial design in Table 2, 54 samples were prepared according to Minitab 18 software [15,16].…”

Formulasi Nanoemulsi Ekstrak Terpurifikasi Daun Afrika (Vernonia amygdalina) Terinkoporasi dalam Dissolved Microneedle Patch

“…Gambar 3c menggambarkan plot desirability yang digunakan untuk menentukan formula paling optimum, berdasarkan spontaneous emulsification melalui parameter waktu emulsifikasi dan pembentukan nano droplet melalui karakterisasi nilai transmitan. Formula optimum yang diharapkan memiliki karakteristik spontaneous emulsification kurang dari 30 detik dan transmitansi yang lebih dari 70% (Kuncahyo et al, 2019). Daerah optimum ditunjukkan oleh superimposed contour plot yang dibatasi oleh parameter transmitan.…”

Antioxidant activity and nano delivery of the most frequently applied stilbene derivatives: A brief and recent review

“…It can be prepared according to the required energy, namely high energy input methods, e.g., ultrasonication, high-pressure homogenisation or low energy method, e.g., inversion phase or selfemulsification. 39 , 40 Meanwhile, the SLN can be prepared by reducing the particle size through a hot emulsification technique or ultrasonication. 41 Both of those systems can increase the solubility through intraluminal solubilisation behaviour and provide better protection against photodegradation.…”