Assessment of expression and inheritance patterns of three transgenes with the aid of techniques for promoting rapid flowering of transgenic apple trees

Yao, Jia‐Long; Cohen, Dan; Brink, R. van den; Morris, Bret A.M.

doi:10.1007/s002990050650

Cited by 16 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…Transgenic apple (Malus x domestica 'Royal Gala') plants were produced as described by Yao et al (1995). Eight independent transgenic lines were established in a containment greenhouse and grown as described by Yao et al (1999). To generate fruit from these lines, flowers were pollinated manually with compatible 'Granny Smith' pollen.…”

Section: Generation Of Transgenic Apple Linesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Genomics Approach Reveals That Aroma Production in Apple Is Controlled by Ethylene Predominantly at the Final Step in Each Biosynthetic Pathway

et al. 2007

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Ethylene is the major effector of ripening in many fleshy fruits. In apples (Malus x domestica) the addition of ethylene causes a climacteric burst of respiration, an increase in aroma, and softening of the flesh. We have generated a transgenic line of 'Royal Gala' apple that produces no detectable levels of ethylene using antisense ACC OXIDASE, resulting in apples with no ethyleneinduced ripening attributes. In response to external ethylene these antisense fruits undergo a normal climacteric burst and produced increasing concentrations of ester, polypropanoid, and terpene volatile compounds over an 8-d period. A total of 186 candidate genes that might be involved in the production of these compounds were mined from expressed sequence tags databases and full sequence obtained. Expression patterns of 179 of these were assessed using a 15,720 oligonucleotide apple microarray. Based on sequence similarity and gene expression patterns we identified 17 candidate genes that are likely to be ethylene control points for aroma production in apple. While many of the biosynthetic steps in these pathways were represented by gene families containing two or more genes, expression patterns revealed that only a single member is typically regulated by ethylene. Only certain points within the aroma biosynthesis pathways were regulated by ethylene. Often the first step, and in all pathways the last steps, contained enzymes that were ethylene regulated. This analysis suggests that the initial and final enzymatic steps with the biosynthetic pathways are important transcriptional regulation points for aroma production in apple.

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Section: Generation Of Transgenic Apple Linesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Genomics Approach Reveals That Aroma Production in Apple Is Controlled by Ethylene Predominantly at the Final Step in Each Biosynthetic Pathway

et al. 2007

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“…Fruiting can be advanced by grafting scions onto a dwarfing rootstock that induces precocious bearing (Barritt et al, 1990;Lewandowski and Zurawicz, 2000). An alternative method to advance the bearing of hybrids, transgenic, and other clones of special interest is to extending the growing season using continuous greenhouse culture as described by Yao et al (1999). Many apple cultivars have undergone clonal selection where naturally occurring mutations for improved fruit quality or tree growth characteristics have been evaluated and the best clones propagated vegetatively for commercial use (Ferree and Schmid, 2001).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Apple Micrografting Protocol to Establish Transgenic Clones on Field Ready Rootstock

Lane¹,

Bhagwat²,

Wahlgren³

et al. 2003

horttech

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A protocol for micrografting shoot tips harvested from in vitro shoot cultures directly to transplanted rootstock plants in the greenhouse was developed. Shoot tips of the apple (Malus domestica) cultivars Golden Delicious, Granny Smith and Fuji clone, Nagafu12, were harvested, stored in a water bath then prepared for grafting by cutting the stem immediately below the tip into a wedge shape leaving the tip approximately 3 mm (0.12 inch) long. The rootstock cultivar, Malling 9 (M.9) (M. domestica), was prepared by cutting into a young fast growing side branch to expose the cambium, creating a pocket into which the shoot tip was inserted. The cut section of the tip was oriented so as to contact the exposed rootstock cambium and was held in place by wrapping with a strip of pliable plastic film. Two weeks later the wrapping was loosened and the grafted branch cut back. Side branches of the rootstock were not removed until later in order to support rootstock growth. The scion shoots developed into nursery whips suitable for transplanting to a screen house or field after 2 months. The protocol proved to be a simple efficient way to rapidly grow nursery trees from tissue culture clones developed in genetic modification experiments and was used to propagate several hundred plants. Grafting success was often 100% but was reduced if quality of shoot tips was poor due to injury indicated by brown tip color. The protocol eliminates the steps of rooting, acclimatizing and growing shoots into plants to serve as a scion wood source.

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“…Young leaves of the shoot cultures were used as explants in apple transformation experiments using the methods previously described (Yao, Tomes, & Gleave, ). The transgenic plants were grown on their own roots alongside wild‐type (WT) plants in a containment glasshouse using the methods previously described (Yao, Cohen, Van den Brink, & Morris, ). Flowers were pollinated with Malus x domestica “Granny Smith” pollen or covered with paper bags if pollination was not required.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ectopic expression of the PISTILLATA homologous MdPI inhibits fruit tissue growth and changes fruit shape in apple

Yao

Tomes

et al. 2018

Plant Direct

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Fruit shape represents a key trait that consumers use to identify and select preferred cultivars, and although the manipulation of this trait is an opportunity to create novel, differentiated products, the molecular mechanisms regulating fruit shape are poorly understood in tree fruits. In this study, we have shown that ectopic expression of Malus domestica PISTILLATA (MdPI), the apple ortholog of the floral organ identity gene PISTILLATA (PI), regulates apple fruit tissue growth and shape. MdPI is a single‐copy gene, and its expression is high during flower development but barely detectable soon after pollination. Transgenic apple plants with ectopic expression of MdPI produced flowers with white sepals and a conversion of sepals to petals. Interestingly, these plants produced distinctly flattened fruit as a consequence of reduced cell growth at the basipetal position of the fruit. These altered sepal and fruit phenotypes have not been observed in studies using Arabidopsis. This study using apple has advanced our understanding of PI functions outside the control of petal and stamen identity and provided molecular genetic information useful for manipulating fruit tissue growth and fruit shape.

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Assessment of expression and inheritance patterns of three transgenes with the aid of techniques for promoting rapid flowering of transgenic apple trees

Cited by 16 publications

References 0 publications

A Genomics Approach Reveals That Aroma Production in Apple Is Controlled by Ethylene Predominantly at the Final Step in Each Biosynthetic Pathway

A Genomics Approach Reveals That Aroma Production in Apple Is Controlled by Ethylene Predominantly at the Final Step in Each Biosynthetic Pathway

Apple Micrografting Protocol to Establish Transgenic Clones on Field Ready Rootstock

Ectopic expression of the PISTILLATA homologous MdPI inhibits fruit tissue growth and changes fruit shape in apple

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